SCARLET FEVER. Synonyms.—Scarlatina; Scarlet Rash. Definition ...

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the larger cities it may be found more or less at all seasons of the year, and may therefore be said to be endemic. While a single attack is generally supposed to confer immunity, a second or third attack is not uncommon, the soil not being exhausted as in other exanthemata. The attempt to isolate a specific germ which will produce the disease has thus far failed, though many micrococci have been found in the secretions. Pathology.—There are no characteristic lesions in measles, save the catarrhal conditions of the respiratory apparatus. Where death occurs, it is usually the result of complications, capillary bronchitis, and bronchopneumonia being the most frequent. The other changes are common to those of grave fevers, such as lack of coagulability of the blood, which is dark in color. The internal organs are congested and softened. The lesion of the skin, consists of an acute hyperemia, with exudation in the vascular papillas of the corium, the sebaceous and sweat glands. Symptoms.—The symptoms vary, being so mild some seasons that the child does not take to its bed. At other times the malignant character is manifest from the beginning", as seen by the characteristic septic symptoms. Incubation.—From seven to fourteen days elapse from the time of exposure to the infection, to the first evidence of the disease, and is regarded as the period of incubation. During the time when the poison is at work upon the blood, multiplying itself a thousand-fold, the patient may manifest no symptoms of its presence. Invasion.—The first manifestation of the disease is the presence of catarrhal symptoms. The child seems to have taken cold, and sneezes frequently. There is a watering of the eyes, stuffing up of the nose, with increased secretion and discharge of mucus. There is increased sensibility to light, hoarseness, and a dry bronchial cough. These symptoms may precede the chill twenty-four or forty-eight hours, or occur simultaneously in the cold stage. Following the chill, febrile reaction comes up, but varies greatly, in mild cases scarcely noticeable, while in others the temperature reaches 103°, 104°, or even 105°. The skin is hot, flushed, and dry, the pulse hard and wiry, with marked irritation of the nervous system. The child is sensitive to the light, and intuitively screens its eyes from the glare. The cough is The Eclectic Practice of Medicine - PART I - Infectious Diseases - Page 136
a constant factor, and is hoarse or metallic and irritating. The fever is generally remittent in character, and increases to the third or fourth day, then, as the eruption makes its appearance, gradually declines. The eruption first appears upon the face, forehead, neck, and chest, gradually extending over the entire body. The single point of the eruption is a flat or slightly conical papule (much the color of a mosquito-bite), growing quite irregular as it develops, while the color gradually shades to the sound tissue. They are inclined to coalesce in patches, though, where the eruption is profuse, it is confluent, every part being- affected. In these cases the face and tissues are puffy and swollen, the eyes are red and watery, the tongue is covered with a dirty, moist, pasty coating, and there is a peculiar and characteristic odor. The eruption requires from forty-eight to seventy-two hours for its full development, remains from one to three days, and then gradually disappears, the surface being clear by the sixth or eighth day, though the skin may present a mottled appearance for several days after the disappearance of the eruption. During the one, two, or three days the eruption is coming to the surface, the child will be quite sick, the fever active, the skin dry, the cough hard, dry, and almost incessant, attended by more or less dyspnea; with the full development of the eruption, however, the fever rapidly subsides. Koplik's Spots.—For a day or two before the skin eruption, there frequently appears on the buccal and labial mucous membrane, small red spots with a bluish-white center, Koplik's spots, and are pathognomonic. Their value in diagnosis, however, has been overestimated as they are frequently absent. Malignant Measles.—This is the so-called black measles, the surface presenting a dusky or dark purplish hue. This variety differs from the more simple form in the toxic character of the infection. Some seasons nearly every case partakes of this character, though why this difference the profession has not been able to explain, and we only know that the infectious material, having attained a high septic character, has the property of transmitting the same intense character to all infected. In one class of cases the eruption is tardy in its appearance. The fever runs a pretty active course, with considerable bronchial The Eclectic Practice of Medicine - PART I - Infectious Diseases - Page 137
Page 1 and 2: SCARLET FEVER. Synonyms.—Scarlati
Page 3 and 4: and during the period of desquamati
Page 5 and 6: ight scarlet color from which the d
Page 7 and 8: diphtheria. The deeper tissues beco
Page 9 and 10: the epidemic, the previous health a
Page 11: There are so many unpleasant sequel
Page 15 and 16: eruption appearing without the cust
Page 17 and 18: eneficial, not only in relieving th
Page 19 and 20: four hours after the invasion, upon
Page 21 and 22: other gland being at all affected,
Page 23 and 24: an inflammation of the larynx would
Page 25 and 26: amount of air passing through the c
Page 27 and 28: DIPHTHERIA. Synonyms. — Diphtheri
Page 29 and 30: We are inclined to believe that the
Page 31 and 32: Unhygienic Conditions.—Poor sanit
Page 33 and 34: troubles, as hemiplegia and multipl
Page 35 and 36: first case.” Malignant Diphtheria
Page 37 and 38: favorable in the forms of paralysis
Page 39 and 40: strength. If the tongue and mouth b
Page 41 and 42: acillus of Pfeiffer the causal agen
Page 43 and 44: certain conditions, rather than in
Page 45 and 46: Predisposing causes are, poor hygie
Page 47 and 48: complains of burning and smarting,
Page 49 and 50: disease. The membrane disappears, t
Page 51 and 52: the gonococcus, the bacillus coli c
Page 53 and 54: The course of the disease is marked
Page 55 and 56: This Koch announced to the expectan
Page 57 and 58: followed by tuberculosis. They furn
Page 59 and 60: spleen, and heart are less seldom a
Page 61 and 62: Pulmonary Form.—The general sympt
Page 63 and 64:
face. Optic neuritis, together with
Page 65 and 66:
Local Tubercular Adenitis.—Cervic
Page 67 and 68:
color, or clear, with more or less
Page 69 and 70:
symptoms, together with the persist
Page 71 and 72:
character, night-sweats occur, emac
Page 73 and 74:
Laryngitis.—At other times it beg
Page 75 and 76:
alarming condition early in the dis
Page 77 and 78:
Gastro-Intestinal Disturbance.—Th
Page 79 and 80:
onchitis, and crepitant and subcrep
Page 81 and 82:
with little or no fever, the diseas
Page 83 and 84:
viscera, the diagnosis is extremely
Page 85 and 86:
Tuberculosis of the Kidney.—Tuber
Page 87 and 88:
opposite to those above mentioned.
Page 89 and 90:
This is not always easy to determin
Page 91 and 92:
1/60 grain doses may also be given
Page 93 and 94:
is responsible, not only for diphth
Page 95 and 96:
and vary in size from that of a mil
Page 97 and 98:
and leave behind a cicatrix, a cons
Page 99 and 100:
jaundice is sometimes observed, and
Page 101 and 102:
present, inquire as to pruritis, if
Page 103 and 104:
described by Benjamin Rush. From 18
Page 105 and 106:
great nervous irritation. For the m
Page 107 and 108:
Exciting Cause.—To Kitasato belon
Page 109 and 110:
Treatment.—The treatment heretofo
Page 111 and 112:
The specific cause, the bacillus le
Page 113 and 114:
death, the leper's friend, comes to
Page 115 and 116:
hours, small nodules develop, which
Page 117 and 118:
proliferated connective tissue-cell
Page 119 and 120:
survive for some minutes at a tempe
Page 121 and 122:
same as wool-sorter's disease, and
Page 123 and 124:
From two weeks to three months is t
Page 125 and 126:
this purpose. The patient should be
Page 127 and 128:
e a rupture of the muscles. Any sli
Page 129 and 130:
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF DOUBTFUL NAT
Page 131 and 132:
disease. “Synochal and Synochoid
Page 133 and 134:
“The condition of the nervous sys
Page 135 and 136:
“With Predominant Affection of th
Page 137:
high, and the tendency is to typhoi
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SCARLET FEVER. Synonyms.—Scarlatina; Scarlet Rash. Definition ...

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