50 influencia de <strong>la</strong> gestión <strong>del</strong> viñedo en <strong>la</strong> calidad de <strong>la</strong> uva 3) La mecanización de <strong>la</strong> poda de invierno y de <strong>la</strong> de verano adquirirá cada vez más importancia, especialmente en países viticultores donde <strong>la</strong> mano de obra escasea y se encarece cada vez más. aun así, el reto no será tanto <strong>la</strong> forma de llevar a cabo esta mecanización desde el punto de vista técnico, sino más bien entender si el comportamiento fisiológico de <strong>la</strong>s vides tratadas mecánicamente interactúa con <strong>la</strong> calidad de <strong>la</strong> uva. en este sentido, los resultados obtenidos recientemente con un deshojado temprano de <strong>la</strong> canopia son un excelente ejemplo de control mejorado de <strong>la</strong> carga y de <strong>la</strong> calidad.
<strong>Fundación</strong> <strong>para</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>Cultura</strong> <strong>del</strong> <strong>Vino</strong> <strong>II</strong>.1.5. Referencias bibliográficas Bergqvist J.N., Dokoozlian N., Ebisuda N. 2001. Sunlight exposure and temperature effects on berry growth and composition of Cabernet Sauvignon and grenache in the Central San Joaquim Valley in California. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 52, 1-7. Bledsoe, A. M., W.M. Kliewer, and J.J. Marois. 1988. effects of timing and severity of leaf removal on yield and fruit composition of Sauvignon b<strong>la</strong>nc grapevines. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 1: 49-54 Chapman D.M., Matthews M.A., Guinard, J.X. 2004. Sensory attributes of Cabernet Sauvignon wine made from vines with different crop yield. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 55, 325-334. Intrieri C., Filippetti I., Allegro G,. Centinari M., Poni S. 2008. early defoliation (hand vs mechanical) for improbe control and grape composition in Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.). Austr. J. Grape and Wine Res. 14, 25-32. Jones, G.V., White, M.A., Cooper, O.R., and K. Storchmann (2005a). Climate Change and global Wine Quality. Climatic Change, 73(3): 319-343. Kliewer, W. M. and Dokoozlian, N.K. 2005. Leaf area/crop weight ratios of grapevines: influence on fruit composition and wine quality . Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 56: 170-181. Kliewer, W.M. and A.J. Antcliff. 1970. influence of defoliation, leaf darkening and cluster shading on the growth and composition of Sultana grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 21: 26-36 Koblet W. 1996. How do grapevines respond to altered source/sink ratios and unfavourable environmental conditions? in Proceedings for the fourth international. Symposium on Cool Climate Enology and Viticulture. T. Henick-Kling et al. (Eds.), pp. ii 1-8. New york State Agriculture Experiment Station. Mori K., Yamamoto N.G., Kitayama M., Hashizume K. 2007. Loss of anthocyanins in red-wine grape under high temperature. J. Expt. Bot. 58, 1935-1945. Percival, D.C., K.H. Fisher, and J.A. Sullivan. 1994. use of fruit zone leaf removal with Vitis vinifera L.cv. Riesling grapevines. ii. Effect on fruit composition, yield, and occurrence of bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers.: fr.). Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 45: 133-139. informe Técnico Control <strong>del</strong> viñedo en los vinos de calidad Poni S., Bernizzoni F., Civardi S. 2007. response of “Sangiovese” grapevines to partial root-zone drying: gas exchange, growth and grape composition. Sci. Hort. 114, 96-103. Poni S., Bernizzoni F., Civardi S. 2007. The issue of canopy efficiency in the grapevine: assessment and approaches for its improvement. Acta Hortic.754, 163-174. Poni S., Casalini L., Bernizzoni F., Civardi S., Intrieri C. 2006. effects of early defoliation on shoot photosynthesis, yield components and grape composition. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 57, 397-407. Poni, S. and Intrieri C. 2001. grapevine photosynthesis: effects linked to light radiation and leaf age. Adv. Hort. Sci. 15: 5-15. Reynolds, A.G., D.A., Wardle, and A.P. Naylor. 1996. impact of training system, vine spacing, and basal leaf removal on riesling. Vine performance, berry composition, canopy microclimate, and vineyard <strong>la</strong>bor requirements. Am. J. Enol.Vitic. 47: 63-76. Ristic R., Downey M.O., I<strong>la</strong>nd P.G., Bindon K., Francis I.L., Herderich M., Robinson S. 2007. exclusion of sunlight from Shiraz grapes alters wine colour, tannin and sensory properties. Austr. J. Grape and Wine Res. 13, 53-65. Silvestroni O., Palliotti A. 2005. Distanze di impianto. in: Manuale di viticoltura: impianto, gestione e difesa <strong>del</strong> vigneto. Ed. Agricole, Bologna, p. 135-154. Smart, R.E. 1985. Principles of grapevine canopy microclimate with implications for yield and quality: a review. Am. J. Enol.Vitic. 36: 230-239. Spayed S.E., Tarara J.M., Mee D.L., Ferguson J.C. 2002. Se<strong>para</strong>tion of sunlight and temperature effects on the composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot berries. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 53, 171-182. Yamane T., Jeong S.T., Goto-Yamamoto N., Koshita Y., Kobayashi S. 2006.effects of temperature on anthocyanins biosynthesis in grape berry skin. am. J. Enol. Vitic. 57, 54-59. Zoecklein, P.W., T.K. Wolf, N.W. Duncan, J.M. Judge, and M.K.Cooke. 1992. effects of fruit zone leaf removal on yield, fruit composition and fruit rot incidence of Chardonnay and White riesling (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 43, 139-148. 51 <strong>II</strong>