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DFD2 – Phouvanh Khamdavong Rapport d’étu<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> terrain<br />

4.2.2. Pourquoi les hommes <strong>la</strong>o fréquentent-ils <strong>la</strong> <strong>prostitution</strong> ?<br />

Le divorce est mal perçu au Laos dans les c<strong>la</strong>sses bourgeoises et en Asie il est<br />

aussi aisé <strong>de</strong> prendre une petite épouse pour éviter le divorce et les problèmes<br />

avec les enfants. Parfois il y a <strong>de</strong>s liens <strong>de</strong> dépendance entre le mari<br />

fonctionnaire et sa femme qui a du bien et <strong>de</strong> l’argent. Et le mari n’a donc pas<br />

spécialement intérêt à divorcer.<br />

Mais Lyttleton (1999) va plus loin et explique : « Commercial sex is frequently<br />

associated in the local imaginary with travel from one province to another.<br />

Extra-marital sex in these situations is frequently <strong>de</strong>picted as happening ‘by<br />

chance’. Significantly, men actively maintain this image. Lao men all know<br />

that in various situations sexual partners can be found no matter where in the<br />

country one might be. But both men and women <strong>de</strong>pict the unassumed nature<br />

of these potential liaisons—you never quite know when you might encounter<br />

them. In this reading of events and their outcomes, men refuse to take<br />

responsibility for their actions by constantly referring to their <strong>la</strong>ck of concrete<br />

intention to find a partner. Often I would hear <strong>de</strong>scriptions such as:<br />

« I couldn’t help myself,—it was an ‘emergency’ [suksoen, meaning emergency<br />

is a euphemism for a chance encounter that has led to sex]; when I’m away<br />

from home, I meet a ‘mae hang’—it’s an ‘emergency’; sud<strong>de</strong>nly confronted with<br />

a beautiful woman, I had ’no control. » The term gai long (literally ‘lost<br />

chicken’) is used to specifically refer to a woman who one does not p<strong>la</strong>n to sleep<br />

with. For example, a man said: « I can’t restrain myself, a gai long comes<br />

along and I can’t stop myself. If I’m drunk and a pretty woman comes, I won’t<br />

use a condom, that would be a waste ». Mirroring patterns in other Asian<br />

countries where women commonly <strong>de</strong>pict sexuality using male standards, Lao<br />

women repeat the same exp<strong>la</strong>nations : « sometimes our husbands don’t always<br />

intend to sleep with other women. They just end up in situations ».<br />

Si l'on arrêtait tous les clients,<br />

il n'y aurait plus personne à <strong>la</strong> tête<br />

<strong>de</strong> l'Etat<br />

Mme le Dr Hoa, ancienne ministre <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> Santé du Vietnam du Nord lors <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> réunion internationale<br />

d'experts <strong>sur</strong> l'exploitation sexuelle <strong>de</strong>s êtres humains, Unesco, Séoul, Corée du Sud, Juin 1995.<br />

Ce que notre enquête a montré c’est que les clients viennent <strong>de</strong> tous les horizons<br />

socioculturels : ouvriers <strong>de</strong>s chantiers, commerçants, fonctionnaires, etc. Mais il<br />

est à noter, quand même, que parmi ceux qui fréquentent les lieux que nous<br />

avons visités, les fonctionnaires représentent une part importante <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> clientèle<br />

Page 38

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