sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
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15<br />
Tavi meore. mindvris <strong>sakvebwarmoeba</strong><br />
II.1. samarcvle safuraJe kulturebi<br />
cnobilia, rom fermis marcvleulis meurneoba maRalproduqtiuli<br />
sasoflo-sameurneo warmoebis safuZvelia <strong>da</strong> samarcvle safuraJe kulturebis<br />
roli sakvebi bazis ganmtkicebaSi metad mniSvnelovania. fermis menejerma<br />
kargad un<strong>da</strong> ganasxvaos erTmaneTisgan marcvleuli kulturebis ori ZiriTadi<br />
jgufi: marcvleuli pureuli <strong>da</strong> marcvleuli parkosnebi. pirvels ekuTvnis<br />
samarcvle pureul marcvlovanTa ojaxi<strong>da</strong>n: xorbali, Wvavi, simindi, qeri,<br />
tritikale, Svria, sorgo. samarcvle parkosnebs ki miekuTvneba parkosanTa<br />
ojaxis kulturebi: bar<strong>da</strong>, sakvebi cercvi, ugrexeli, soia, xanWkola,<br />
culispira, muxudo, vigna, dolixosi <strong>da</strong> sxva.<br />
marcvlovani mcenareebis umravlesoba gamoiyeneba kombinirebuli<br />
sakvebis erT-erT ZiriTad komponentad. Rorisa <strong>da</strong> frinvelis ulufaSi mas<br />
yvela saxis sakvebis 75%-ze meti uWirvas. aseve didi xvedriTi wona aqvs am<br />
kulturebsa <strong>da</strong> maT anarCevebs maRalproduqtiuli Zroxebis ulufaSic.<br />
Temis Seswavlis ZiriTadi mizania samarcvle safuraJe marcvleuli<br />
kulturebis naTesebis struqturis srulyofa, agreTve maTi narCenebis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>muSavebul sa<strong>kveba</strong>d gamoyeneba.<br />
aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, fermis menejerma kargad un<strong>da</strong> icodes marcvlovani<br />
<strong>da</strong> safuraJe kulturebis kvebiTi Rirebuleba, maTi gavrcelebis raionebi,<br />
biologiuri Taviseburebani (moTxovnileba siTbos, tenis mimarT, nia<strong>da</strong>gis<br />
ZiriTadi sazrdo nivTierebisadmi <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba) potenciuri mosavlianoba,<br />
movla-moyvanis agroteqnika, agreTve ekologiurad sufTa, intensiuri,<br />
organuli, genetikurad modificirebuli organizmebis (kulturebis <strong>da</strong><br />
jiSebis mixedviT) <strong>da</strong> biologiuri miwaTmoqmedebis teqnologiebi.<br />
gansakuTrebuli yuradReba un<strong>da</strong> mieqces safuraJe marcvleuli<br />
kulturebis ekonomiur efeqtianobas, romelic swori agroteqnikis pirobebSi<br />
Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT maRal mosavals <strong>da</strong> iaffasian energetikul sakveb erTeuls iZleva.<br />
warmodgena un<strong>da</strong> gvqondes marcvleuli kulturebis Senaxvis, mis<br />
kombinirebul sa<strong>kveba</strong>d ga<strong>da</strong>muSavebisa <strong>da</strong> pirutyvis sa<strong>kveba</strong>d gamoyenebis<br />
mniSvnelobaze.<br />
samarcvle parkosnebi proteinis, cilisa <strong>da</strong> aminomJaveebis SemcvelobiT<br />
erT-erT pirvel adgilzea. mcenareuli cilis problemis ga<strong>da</strong>WrisaTvis<br />
saWiroa ciliT mdi<strong>da</strong>ri sakvebi kulturebis naTesebis gafarToeba. maT didi<br />
mniSvneloba aqvs nia<strong>da</strong>gis nayofierebis amaRlebisaTvisac, zogierTi maTgani<br />
nia<strong>da</strong>gis azotis fiqsaciiT <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 200 kg-mde azots agrovebs ha-ze.<br />
amitom, fermis menejerma kargad un<strong>da</strong> icodes samarcvle parkosani<br />
kulturebis saerTo <strong>da</strong>xasiaTeba <strong>da</strong> maTi moyvanis ZiriTadi raionebi.<br />
samarcvle parkosani kulturebis ZiriTadi warmomadgenlebi, maTi biologia<br />
<strong>da</strong> Tesva-moyvanis Taviseburebani samarcvle safuraJed gamoyenebisaTvis, maT<br />
Soris wvniani sakvebis <strong>da</strong>samzadeblad Sualedur <strong>da</strong> narev naTesebSi.<br />
II.2. sasilose kulturebi<br />
mravalwlovani <strong>da</strong> erTwlovani sakvebi kulturebi srulfasovan mwvane <strong>da</strong><br />
uxeS sakvebTan erTad gamoiyeneba silosis <strong>da</strong>samzadebla<strong>da</strong>c, romelic<br />
zamTris periodSi pirutyvis sa<strong>kveba</strong>d gamoiyeneba, sasilose tradiciul<br />
kulturebad iTvleba: simindi, mzesumzira, sorgo, su<strong>da</strong>nura, topinmzesumzira,
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