sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
sakvebwarmoeba da cxovelTa kveba
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xelsawyoTi. rZemJava baqteriis sicocxlis unarianobis SesanarCuneblad, maT<br />
preparatebs inaxaven macivarSi hermetul WurWelSi.<br />
sasargebloa agreTve fermentuli <strong>da</strong>namatebi, is xsnis ujredul<br />
garsebs, romelic Sedgeba celulozisa <strong>da</strong> hemicelulozisgan. es zrdis<br />
advilad fermentirebadi naxSirwylebis misawvdomobas rZis mJava<br />
baqteriebisTvis. ujredis kedlis gamxleCi fermentebi gansakuTrebiT<br />
aqtiurdebian, sasilose masaSi mSrali nivTierebis <strong>da</strong>bali koncentraciis <strong>da</strong><br />
20-50 0 C temperaturis pirobebSi. maTTvis pH optimaluri mniSvnelobaa 4-5.<br />
xSirad fermentebs amateben baqterialur kulturebTan kombinaciaSi.<br />
fermentuli <strong>da</strong>namatebi agreTve aumjobeseben silosis monelebadobas,<br />
uzrunvelyofen <strong>da</strong>silosebis dros mcenareuli ujredebis msxvilfexa rqosani<br />
pirutyvis faSvSi e.w. `pirvelad monelebas~. pH mniSvnelobis Sesamcireblad<br />
<strong>da</strong>sasilosebel nedleulSi farTod gamoiyeneba organuli mJaveebi<br />
(WianWvelis, propionis, Zmris, benzoinis), agreTve maTi narevebi. isini<br />
Trgunaven arasasurvel mikrofloras <strong>da</strong> aaqtiureben rZemJava duRils.<br />
maqsimaluri <strong>da</strong>konservirebadi efeqti miiReba WianWvelmJavas gamoyenebis<br />
dros, romelic amcirebs pH_is mniSvnelobas <strong>da</strong> axasiaTebs seleqtiuri<br />
(gamorCeuli) baqteriociduli moqmedeba. amasTanave gaTvaliswinebul un<strong>da</strong><br />
iqnas, rom WianWvelmJavas axasiaTebs Zlier korozirebadi kontaqturi<br />
moqmedeba. konservantis aucilebeli doza matulobs 0,5-<strong>da</strong>n 1%-mde mSrali<br />
nivTierebis Semcvelobis Semcirebis <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebuli nedleulis buferuli<br />
tevadobis matebis mixedviT.<br />
sxva organuli mJavebisTvis aucilebeli doza Seadgens nedleulis<br />
masis 0,5-2%. silosis amoRebisas gaxurebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad, atareben<br />
moWrili adgilis propionis mJaviT wvrilwveTovan Sesxurebas (1l/m 2 ).<br />
silosis <strong>da</strong>sakonserveblad iyeneben agreTve araorganul mJaveebs<br />
(magaliTad fosforis, gogirdis) agreTve maT SenaerTebs. maTi gamoyenebis<br />
safuZvelze silosis pH mniSvneloba mcirdeba 3,0-3,6-mde. mJavaTa naerTebs<br />
anzaveben wyalSi TanafardobiT 1:6 <strong>da</strong> amateben <strong>da</strong>sasilosebel nedleuls,<br />
mTliani masis 7-11%. pH mniSvnelobis mkveTri Semcireba silosis Wamadobas<br />
auaresebs, araorganuli mJavebis raodenobis gazrdis gamo, agreTve iwvevs<br />
cxovelis organizmSi mimdinare nivTierebaTa cvlis procesebis arevas. amitom<br />
aseTi silosis sadReRamiso norma ar un<strong>da</strong> aRematebodes 1kg mSrali<br />
nivTiereba 100 kg cocxal wonaze. amasTanave mizanSewonilia cxovelebis<br />
buferuli nivTierebebis saxiT mieces natriumis hidrokarbonati.<br />
silosis Cadebis dros gamoiyeneba organul mJavaTa marilebi sufTa an<br />
maTi narevis saxiT. ufro xSirad es natriumis <strong>da</strong> kalciumis WianWvelmJavas<br />
marilebia, an amoniumis tetraformiati. gamoiyeneba agreTve natriumis <strong>da</strong><br />
kalciumis marilebi sxva organuli mJavebTan, nitratebi, nitritebi,<br />
Sardovana, natriumis qloridi. rekomendebulia organuli mJaveebis <strong>da</strong><br />
nitritebis kombinacia. es marilebi, gansakuTrebiT nitritebi seleqciurad<br />
moqmedeben mavne mikrofloraze, ise, rom praqtikulad ar ayeneben zians<br />
rZemJava baqteriebs. nitritebi aCereben klostridiebis <strong>da</strong> enterobaqteriebis<br />
gamravlebas, agreTve moqmedeben safuaris vegetaciuri ganviTarebis stadiaze.<br />
<strong>da</strong>saxelebuli marilebis <strong>da</strong>naxarji Seadgens nedleulis masis 0,3-0,6%-s.<br />
Tu gamoiyeneba mxolod natriumis qloridi, <strong>da</strong>konservebis efeqtis misaRwevad<br />
SehyavT mTeli masis aranakleb 2%-is raodenobiT. Sardovanas aucilebeli<br />
doza Seadgens 0,5%. yvela am konservants gaaCnia rigi upiratesoba _ <strong>da</strong>bali<br />
koroziuli moqmedeba <strong>da</strong> fxvieri saxe moxmarebis dros. aucilebelia<br />
sasilose masaSi konservanti Tanabrad iqnas ganawilebuli. <strong>da</strong>silosebis karg
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