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È in corso il restauro conservativo del Duomo di Milano. Un ... - Eni

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FOCUS<br />

chiede <strong>di</strong> riscoprire la propria storia <strong>di</strong> fede, ci<br />

chiama quasi a “toccare con mano”, ad “att<strong>in</strong>gere<br />

alle sorgenti” <strong>del</strong>la nostra esperienza cristiana,<br />

riassunta e descritta nella Cattedrale,<br />

che – come poeticamente canta la liturgia nella<br />

festa <strong>del</strong>la sua De<strong>di</strong>cazione – è immag<strong>in</strong>e<br />

<strong>del</strong>la Chiesa “e<strong>di</strong>ficata con pietre vive ed elette”.<br />

L’“attività liturgica” rappresenta qu<strong>in</strong><strong>di</strong> la<br />

vera anima <strong>del</strong>la Cattedrale e non può che<br />

confrontarsi quoti<strong>di</strong>anamente con le mutate<br />

con<strong>di</strong>zioni socio-culturali dei nostri tempi. Il<br />

<strong>Duomo</strong> è luogo simbolo <strong>del</strong>la tra<strong>di</strong>zione ambrosiana.<br />

Questo è certamente vero e va sostenuto<br />

con conv<strong>in</strong>zione: si pensi allo stesso<br />

Rito ambrosiano, al Canto ambrosiano e ad alcune<br />

particolarità liturgiche tipiche <strong>del</strong>la Cattedrale,<br />

soprattutto quando a presiedere è<br />

l’Arcivescovo. Tuttavia questa sapienza celebrativa<br />

non è pura “conservazione”: essa “cont<strong>in</strong>ua<br />

dall’antico”, nella ripetizione <strong>di</strong> gesti e<br />

parole “antiche” non si portano avanti quasi<br />

<strong>del</strong>le “preziose reliquie”, ma si riscopre una<br />

tra<strong>di</strong>zione vivificata dal “soffio” <strong>del</strong>la Riforma<br />

liturgica. Lo stesso Capitolo dei Canonici ha<br />

voluto associare sempre più i fe<strong>del</strong>i alla celebrazione<br />

quoti<strong>di</strong>ana <strong>del</strong>la Liturgia <strong>del</strong>le Ore,<br />

preghiera ufficiale <strong>del</strong>la Chiesa e <strong>in</strong>sieme vero<br />

“microcosmo” <strong>del</strong>la preghiera cristiana, nella<br />

quale – attraverso la simbologia <strong>del</strong>la temporalità,<br />

nel significato che scaturisce dal contrasto<br />

tra notte e giorno, tra sera e matt<strong>in</strong>o,<br />

tra notte profonda e meriggio assolato – si comunica<br />

<strong>il</strong> mistero <strong>del</strong>la salvezza.<br />

Il riconoscimento <strong>del</strong>la centralità <strong>del</strong> <strong>Duomo</strong><br />

nella vita <strong>del</strong>la città, chiede <strong>di</strong> compiere un<br />

doveroso passaggio <strong>di</strong> qualità da un semplice<br />

– seppur necessario – legame sentimentale<br />

verso la Cattedrale, per arrivare a con<strong>di</strong>viderne<br />

le l<strong>in</strong>ee pastorali, attraverso una<br />

“corresponsab<strong>il</strong>ità amicale”, animata da una<br />

sana creatività e capace anche <strong>di</strong> farsi carico<br />

<strong>del</strong> suo decoro, <strong>del</strong>la sua conservazione e<br />

<strong>del</strong>l’immag<strong>in</strong>e che offre a M<strong>il</strong>ano e al mondo.<br />

<strong>È</strong> quanto si prefigge anche <strong>il</strong> prossimo Camm<strong>in</strong>o<br />

quaresimale dal significativo titolo Incontro<br />

allo straniero. Come è avvenuto <strong>di</strong>verse<br />

volte nel passato, è certamente nei “ruoli”<br />

<strong>del</strong> <strong>Duomo</strong> <strong>in</strong>tercettare i problemi e i bisogni<br />

<strong>del</strong>la città che – mai come <strong>in</strong> questi anni –<br />

è <strong>di</strong>ventata veramente cosmopolita: l<strong>in</strong>gue,<br />

culture, religioni, tra<strong>di</strong>zioni, tra loro non fac<strong>il</strong>mente<br />

armonizzab<strong>il</strong>i e con un grado <strong>di</strong> “conflittualità”<br />

pericolosa. Nelle vie a<strong>di</strong>acenti la<br />

Piazza questa <strong>di</strong>versità è palpab<strong>il</strong>e, imme<strong>di</strong>ata,<br />

<strong>in</strong>terpellante: culture, l<strong>in</strong>gue, religioni e<br />

tra<strong>di</strong>zioni <strong>di</strong>fferenti si affiancano una all’altra, quasi si sovrastano,<br />

ma <strong>di</strong>ffic<strong>il</strong>mente si <strong>in</strong>contrano e si parlano. «Se guar<strong>di</strong>amo<br />

alla nostra città, M<strong>il</strong>ano, essa ci appare come una città<br />

dai m<strong>il</strong>le rapporti, dalle tante risorse […], una città nella<br />

quale sono <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>ite le occasioni <strong>di</strong> <strong>in</strong>contro e <strong>di</strong> comunicazione<br />

[…]. Ma i tanti e variegati rapporti che caratterizzano la<br />

14<br />

I DOCCIONI. Sono elementi<br />

scultorei dest<strong>in</strong>ati a favorire<br />

lo smaltimento <strong>del</strong>l’acqua<br />

piovana. Riproducono figure<br />

fantasiose tra <strong>il</strong> sacro<br />

e <strong>il</strong> profano: mostri e demoni<br />

<strong>in</strong> proc<strong>in</strong>to <strong>di</strong> spiccare <strong>il</strong> volo.<br />

Nel <strong>corso</strong> degli anni ne sono<br />

stati applicati 150 <strong>di</strong> cui<br />

96 sorretti da enormi statue<br />

giganti.<br />

THE GARGOYLES. They are pieces<br />

of sculpture meant to carry<br />

ra<strong>in</strong>water clear of the wall.<br />

They depict fanciful characters<br />

partly sacred partly profane:<br />

monsters and dev<strong>il</strong>s about<br />

to fly off. Over the years<br />

some 150 of them were put up,<br />

96 of which are held up<br />

by huge statues.<br />

città non la costruiscono davvero se sono<br />

staccati dal desiderio, dalla costanza e dall’impegno<br />

dei suoi cittad<strong>in</strong>i <strong>di</strong> essere comunità»<br />

(D. Tettamanzi, Dis<strong>corso</strong> alla città, 6 <strong>di</strong>cembre<br />

2005).<br />

<strong>È</strong> questa una <strong>del</strong>le sfide che la Cattedrale è<br />

chiamata a raccogliere nel terzo m<strong>il</strong>lennio. Il<br />

<strong>Duomo</strong> <strong>di</strong> M<strong>il</strong>ano, <strong>il</strong> “nostro <strong>Duomo</strong>”, “elevato<br />

a spire abbaglianti sulla serena profon<strong>di</strong>tà<br />

<strong>del</strong> cielo italiano oppure <strong>il</strong>lum<strong>in</strong>ato dalla luna<br />

quando le stelle sembrano raccogliersi fra<br />

quella foresta <strong>di</strong> guglie” (P.B. Shelley), sia<br />

sempre “quell’ottava meraviglia” <strong>di</strong> manzoniana<br />

memoria, che tanto aveva colpito e<br />

confortato <strong>il</strong> povero Renzo Tramagl<strong>in</strong>o nel<br />

suo camm<strong>in</strong>o verso M<strong>il</strong>ano (I promessi sposi,<br />

XI). “Quell’ottava meraviglia” chiamata –<br />

come era nelle <strong>in</strong>tenzioni <strong>del</strong>lo stesso Manzoni<br />

– non solo a rappresentare uno st<strong>il</strong>e, quasi una sigla,<br />

architettonica, ma ad essere <strong>il</strong> simbolo <strong>di</strong> una civ<strong>il</strong>tà: uno<br />

scrigno prezioso, vera “casa” dei m<strong>il</strong>anesi, capace <strong>di</strong> comunicare<br />

valori autentici e più che mai attuali.<br />

Monsignore Luigi Mangan<strong>in</strong>i è Arciprete <strong>del</strong> <strong>Duomo</strong> <strong>di</strong> M<strong>il</strong>ano.<br />

<strong>Eni</strong>’s Way<br />

profound religious value and, at the same time, its social and<br />

civ<strong>il</strong> importance are not two opposed doma<strong>in</strong>s bound to cancel<br />

each other out but, on the contrary, they are two important<br />

expressions seek<strong>in</strong>g to be lived with the right balance and <strong>in</strong><br />

deep unity.<br />

The faithful, as well as the pla<strong>in</strong> tourists (every day over ten<br />

thousand are counted), who keep enter<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>Duomo</strong> feel<br />

also today an ideal push to walk all way up the naves to the<br />

ma<strong>in</strong> altar. This journey, through the “forest of 52 p<strong>il</strong>lars”,<br />

impels you to re<strong>di</strong>scover your own story of faith, call<strong>in</strong>g you<br />

almost to “touch it by hand”, to “draw from the spr<strong>in</strong>gs” of our<br />

Christian experience, summed up and described <strong>in</strong> the<br />

Cathedral, which – as the liturgy poetically s<strong>in</strong>gs on the<br />

feastday of the <strong>Duomo</strong>’s De<strong>di</strong>cation – is an image of the<br />

Church “bu<strong>il</strong>t with liv<strong>in</strong>g and chosen stones”. The “liturgical<br />

activity” then represents the true soul of the Cathedral and<br />

cannot help but be confronted da<strong>il</strong>y with the chang<strong>in</strong>g socialcultural<br />

con<strong>di</strong>tions of our time. The <strong>Duomo</strong> is a symbolic place<br />

of Ambrosian tra<strong>di</strong>tion. This is def<strong>in</strong>itely true and must be held<br />

up conv<strong>in</strong>cedly: let’s th<strong>in</strong>ks of the very Ambrosian rite, the<br />

Ambrosian chant and some liturgical peculiarities typical to the<br />

Cathedral, especially when the Archbishop presides over. All<br />

this celebrative wisdom is not mere “conservation”: it “carries<br />

on from ancient time”, the repetition of gestures and “ancient”<br />

<strong>Eni</strong>’s Way<br />

words is not a matter of “precious relics”<br />

but rather of re<strong>di</strong>scover<strong>in</strong>g a tra<strong>di</strong>tion<br />

enlivened by the “breath” of the Liturgical<br />

Reform. Also the <strong>Duomo</strong>’s Canonical<br />

Chapter has been striv<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly<br />

associate believers to the da<strong>il</strong>y celebration<br />

of the Liturgy of the Hours, the Church’s<br />

official prayer as well as true “microcosm”<br />

of the Christian prayer, through which the<br />

mystery of salvation is communicated –<br />

through the symbol of time, the mean<strong>in</strong>g<br />

that pours forth from the contrast –between<br />

night and day, even<strong>in</strong>g and morn<strong>in</strong>g, deep<br />

night and sun-drenched afternoon.<br />

The recognition of the <strong>Duomo</strong>’s pivotal role<br />

<strong>in</strong> the city’s life, calls for a quality change<br />

from a mere, yet necessary, sentimental<br />

bond with the Cathedral to shar<strong>in</strong>g its<br />

pastoral l<strong>in</strong>es through “friendly jo<strong>in</strong>t<br />

responsib<strong>il</strong>ity”, enlivened by healthy<br />

creativity and capable of shar<strong>in</strong>g<br />

responsib<strong>il</strong>ity for the Cathedral’s <strong>di</strong>gnity,<br />

preservation and the image it offers M<strong>il</strong>an<br />

and the World.<br />

This is also the purpose of the upcom<strong>in</strong>g<br />

Lent Pathway which has been significantly<br />

named Incontro allo Straniero (Meet the<br />

Stranger). As was the case often <strong>in</strong> the<br />

past, the <strong>Duomo</strong> has among its roles also<br />

that of <strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g the problems and<br />

needs of the city which – more than ever <strong>in</strong><br />

recent years – has grown truly<br />

cosmopolitan: languages, cultures,<br />

religions and tra<strong>di</strong>tions that cannot eas<strong>il</strong>y<br />

be brought <strong>in</strong>to harmony and have a grade<br />

of dangerous “conflictiveness”. In the<br />

streets around the Piazza this <strong>di</strong>versity is<br />

palpable, forthright, press<strong>in</strong>g: cultures, languages, religions<br />

and tra<strong>di</strong>tions stand side by side, almost overlapp<strong>in</strong>g, but<br />

seldom get together or talk to each other. “If we look at our<br />

city, M<strong>il</strong>an, it seems to be a city rich <strong>in</strong> relationships, full of<br />

resources, a city where there are numberless chances to<br />

meet and talk … But the many and varied relationships<br />

characteris<strong>in</strong>g the city do not really constitute the city if they<br />

are separated from the desire and commitment of its citizens<br />

to be a community”. (D. Tettamanzi, Talk<strong>in</strong>g to the City,<br />

December 6 2005).<br />

This is one of the challenges that the Cathedral is called to<br />

face up to <strong>in</strong> the third m<strong>il</strong>lennium. May M<strong>il</strong>an’s <strong>Duomo</strong>, “our<br />

<strong>Duomo</strong>”, “elevated to dazzl<strong>in</strong>g spirals <strong>in</strong> the serene depth of<br />

the Italian sky or lit up by the moon when the stars seem to<br />

gather amid that forest of spires” (P.B. Shelley), be all the time<br />

“that eighth wonder” that Manzoni spoke about and struck and<br />

comforted the poor Renzo Tramagl<strong>in</strong>o on his journey to M<strong>il</strong>an<br />

(The Betrothed, XI). “That eighth wonder” called upon – as<br />

Manzoni himself hoped – not just to represent an architectural<br />

style but to be the symbol of a civ<strong>il</strong>isation: a precious treasure<br />

chest, true “home” to the M<strong>il</strong>anese, capable of shar<strong>in</strong>g<br />

authentic and more than ever relevant values.<br />

Monsignor Luigi Mangan<strong>in</strong>i is archpriest of M<strong>il</strong>an’s <strong>Duomo</strong>.<br />

15

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