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R. Periodontia - 20(3):53-59 limits the generalization of the results. Investigations using a large sample size are needed to obtain more information about compliance, appreciation and acceptability of subjects using the mouthwash containing 5% of green propolis. Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and to Silvana Maria de Souza and Bruno Ferreira Lourenço for technical support. ABSTRACT Then, the use of mouthrinse as adjunct to toothbrushing in control of plaque and gingivitis might increase the benefits of controlling dental plaque. A phase II study was used to evaluate the compliance, appreciation and acceptability of an alcohol-free mouthwash contain 5% green propolis (MGP 5%) in control of plaque and gingivitis for three months. Each subject, at the end of the study, answered a questionnaire about appreciation and acceptance of the mouthwash. Twenty one subjects completed the study, although most of them felt the taste of MGP 5% unpleasant. They were satisfied with the product, pointing positive changes in the oral health after the treatment period. Then, the compliance was satisfactory (≥ 80%) with no statistically significant difference between the periods of rinsing in the morning and at night. Dental plaque is considered a key etiological factor associated with arising gingivitis. Its removal can be difficult in pacients with lack of coordination or any other problems. UNITERMS: propolis mouthrinse, adherence to treatment, satisfaction, antiseptic agent REFERENCES 1- Türkoglu O, Becerik S, Emingil G, Kütükçüler N, Baylas H, Atilla G. The effect of adjunctive chlorhexidine mouthrinse on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels in untreated plaqueassociated gingivitis. Inflamm Res 2009; 58:277–283. 2- Paraskevas S, Rosema NAM, Versteeg P, Van der Velden U, Van der Weijden GA. Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorhexidine Mouthrinses Compared in a 3-Day Plaque Accumulation Model. J Periodontol 2008; 79:1395-1400. 3- Van Strydonck DAC, Timmerman MF, Van der Velden U, Van der Weijden GA. Plaque inhibition of two commercially available chlorhexidine mouthrinses. J Clin Periodontol 2005; 32:305–309. 4- Moran JM. Home-use oral hygiene products: mouthrinses. Periodontology 2000 2008; 48: 42–53. 5- Cheng KKF. Children’s acceptance and tolerance of chlorhexidine and benzydmine oral rinses in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oropharyngeal mucositis. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2004, 8:341-349. 6- Duarte S, Rosalen PL, Hayacibara MF, Cury JA, Bowen WH, Marquis RE et al. The influence of a novel propolis on mutans streptococci biofilms and caries development in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2006; 51:15—22. 7- Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N, Gogulnath D, Kindo AJ. Dentinal tubule disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine gel, propolis, morinda citrifolia juice, 2% povidone iodine, and calcium hydroxide. Int Endod J 2010; 43:419-423. 8- Hidaka S, Okamoto Y, Ishiyama K, Hashimoto K. Inhibition of the formation of oral calcium phosphate precipitates: the possible effects of certain honeybee products. J Periodontal Res 2008; 43:450-8. 9- Feres M, Figueiredo LC, Barreto IM, Coelho MH, Araujo MW, Cortelli SC. In vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and propolis in saliva samples of healthy and periodontally-involved subjects. J Int Acad Periodontol 2005; 7: 90-96. 10- Schmidt H, Hampel CM, Schmidt G, Riess E, Rödel C. Double-blind trial of the effect of a propolis-containing mouthwash on inflamed and healthy gingiva. Stomatol DDR 1980; 30:491-497. 11- German Martínez Silveira G, Gou Godoy A, Oña Torriente R, Palmer Ortiz MC, Falcón Cuéllar MA. Preliminary study of the effects of propolis in the treatment of chronic gingivitis and oral ulceration Rev Cubana Estomatol 1988; 25: 36-44. (Spanish). 12- Murray MC, Worthington HV, Blinkhorn AS: A study to investigate the effect of a propoliscontaining mouthrinse on the inhibition of de novo plaque formation. J Clin Periodoniol 1997; 24:796-798. 13- Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Guyatt GH, Tugwell P. Epidemiologia Clínica: Como realizar pesquisa clínica na prática. Porto Alegre: Editora Artmed 2008. (Portuguese). 14- Clinicaltrials. A service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Disponível em: http://clinicaltrials.gov/. Acessado em: 8 de maio de 2010. 15- Turesky S, Gilmore ND, Glikman I. Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of vitamine C J Periodontol 1970;41:41-43. 16- Quigley GA, Hein JW. Comparative cleansing efficacy of manual and 58 revista perio set2010 - 3ª REV - 31-01-11.indd 58 31/1/2011 23:35:30
R. Periodontia - 20(3):53-59 power brushing. J Am Dent Assoc 1962; 65:26-29. 17- Talbott K, Mandel I, Chilton N. Reduction of baseline gingivitis scores in repeated prophylaxis. J Prev Dent 1977; 4:28-29. 18- Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. Acta Odontol Scand 1963; 21:533- 537. 19- Koo H, Cury JA, Rosalen PL, Ambrosano GMB, Ikegaki M, Park YK. Effect of a Mouthrinse Containing Selected Propolis on 3-Day Dental Plaque Accumulation and Polysaccharide Formation. Caries Res 2002,36: 445–448. 20- Almeida RVD, Castro RD, Pereira MSV, Paulo MQ, Santos JP, Padilha WWN. Efeito clínico de solução antisséptica a base de própolis em crianças cárie ativas. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clinica Integr 2006,6: 87-92. (Portuguese). 21- Angelo AR, Silva YTS, Castro RD, Almeida RVD, Padilha WWN. Atuação Clínica e Microbiológica da solução de própolis para bochecho em crianças cárie ativas. Arquivos Odont 2007,43: 60-66. 22- Botelho MA, Bezerra-FIlho JG, Correa LL, Fonseca SGC, Montenegro D, Gapski R et al. Effect of a novel essential oil mouthrinse without alcohol on gingivitis: a double blinded randomized controlled trial. J Appl Oral Sci 2007; 15:175-180. 23- Eley BM. Antibacterial agents in the control of supragengival plaque – a review. British Dent J 1999; 186:286-296. 24- Samet N, Laurent C, Susarla SM, Samet-Rubinsteen N. The effect of bee propolis on recurrent aphthous stomatitis:a pilot study. Clin Oral Invest 2007; 11:143–147. 25- Malic M, Konjhodzic H, Filipovic M. Effect of Propolis-gel in the treatment of gingival inflammation. Stomatol Vjesn 1985; 14: 107- 110. (Croatian). 26- Neumann D, Götze G, Binus W. Clinical study of a test of the plaqueand gingivitis-inhibiting effects of propolis. Stomatol DDR 1986; 36: 677-681. (German). For reprints and all correspondence: Dr. Vagner Rodrigues Santos Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 662 CEP: 31270-901 - Belo Horizonte – MG - Brasil Tel.: + 55-31- 3409-2497; fax: + 55-31-3409-2430 E-mail: vegneer2003@yahoo.com.br / vegnerrsanto@uai.com.br 59 revista perio set2010 - 3ª REV - 31-01-11.indd 59 31/1/2011 23:35:30
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