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34 | <strong>Energiewende</strong> <strong>ya</strong> <strong>Ujerumani</strong><br />
ukubwa sawa lililo na kiwango cha chini cha<br />
ufanisi wa nishati. Uzalishaji viwandani na<br />
usafiri ni sehemu zingine ambazo ufanisi wa<br />
nishati unashika umuhimu zaidi. Mikakati <strong>ya</strong><br />
ufanisi wa nishati huvutia biashara inapookolea<br />
biashara pesa nyingi zaidi <strong>ya</strong> zile zilizotumika<br />
kuiweka. Watumiaji binafsi pia wanaweza<br />
kusaidia kuokoa nishati kwa kutumia vifaa<br />
vilivyo na ufanisi zaidi wa nishati. Katika nchi<br />
nyingi, friji, televishoni, mashine za kufua,<br />
nk. huwa na lebo <strong>ya</strong> matumizi <strong>ya</strong> nishati ili<br />
kuwezesha watumiaji kuona kwa haraka ufanisi<br />
wa nishati wa kifaa.<br />
Vipindi v<strong>ya</strong> giza<br />
Vipindi ambavyo nguvu za upepo na miradi<br />
<strong>ya</strong> fotovolti (PV) haiwezi kuzalisha umeme<br />
vinajulikana kama vipindi v<strong>ya</strong> giza. Hali mba<strong>ya</strong><br />
kabisa ni <strong>ya</strong> usiku wenye giza wa mwezi mp<strong>ya</strong><br />
bila upepo. Wakati wa vipindi hivi, v<strong>ya</strong>nzo<br />
vingine v<strong>ya</strong> nishati au nishati iliyohifadhiwa<br />
awali lazima itumike kukidhi matumizi <strong>ya</strong><br />
umeme.
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