PROBLEMS OF GEOCOSMOS

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference "Problems of Geocosmos" (St. Petersburg, Russia, 26-30 May 2008)
First model of resonant particle injection into the inner magnetosphere by SC pulse was described in details
theoretically, was registered experimentally during the magnetic storm of March 24, 1991 and accepted for
the explanation of the poststorm increase of the proton population in radiation belt in other cases.
There are three aspects of the SC injection model, which restrict its acceptance as a source of the solar proton
capture. First one relates to the restriction of the energy of trapped protons which cannot be lower than ~ 15
MeV as was discussed earlier. Second restriction comes from the demand of exceptional large magnitude of
the SC pulse for the effective injection. And the last factor follows from the fact that even if SC injection was
effective, there is strong probability that this new belt will be swept out when the boundary of quasitrapping
region will move closer to the Earth during the main phase of the magnetic storm.
The second mechanism of direct solar proton trapping during the recovery phase found confirmation by
detailed analysis of the particle dynamics during several magnetic storms. New proton belt was found
outward from the last position of the SCR penetration boundary, i.e. on the magnetic field lines which
previously were at the quasitrapping region and then became dipollike, keeping protons at the closed drift
shells.
This mechanism has also restriction on proton energy, but different from the SC injection mechanism. Here
exists upper limit of the trapped protons somewhere between 10 and 20 MeV. For high energy particles
magnetosphere recovery is too slow and third adiabatic invariant conserves.
This restriction on energy also is confirmed by the observations.
Therefore we can conclude that from the proposed two mechanisms of the SCR capture to the radiation belt
only the second one, mechanism of the direct trapping at the magnetic storm recovery phase effectively
supported by the direct measurements.
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