Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24-hour Dementia Care - Nivel

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Table 2.2 Criteria List for the Methodological Quality Assessment Patient selection: a) Were the eligibility criteria specified? Yes/No/Don’t know b) Treatment allocation: 1) was a method for randomization performed? Yes/No/Don’t know 2) was the treatment allocation concealed? Yes/No/Don’t know c) Were the groups similar at baseline regarding the most important diagnostic indicators? Yes/No/Don’t know Interventions: d) Were the index and control interventions explicitly described? Yes/No/Don’t know e) Was the care provider blinded for the intervention? Yes/No/Don’t know f) Were co-interventions avoided or comparable? Yes/No/Don’t know g) Was the compliance acceptable in all groups? Yes/No/Don’t know h) Was the patient blinded to the intervention? Yes/No/Don’t know Outcome measurement: i) Was the outcome assessor blinded to the interventions? Yes/No/Don’t know j) Were the outcome measures relevant? Yes/No/Don’t know k) Were adverse effects described? Yes/No/Don’t know l) Was the withdrawal/drop out rate described and acceptable? Yes/No/Don’t know m) Timing follow-up measurements: 1) was a short-term follow-up measurement performed? Yes/No/Don’t know 2) was a long-term follow-up measurement performed? Yes/No/Don’t know n) Was the timing of the outcome assessment in both groups comparable? Yes/No/Don’t know Statistics: o) Was the sample size for each group described? Yes/No/Don’t know p) Did the analysis include an intention-to-treat analysis? Yes/No/Don’t know q) Were point estimates and measures or variability presented for Yes/No/Don’t know the primary outcome measures? Internal validity criteria: b.1, b.2, e, f, g, h, I, j, l, n, p. Descriptive criteria: a, c, d, k, m.1, m.2. Statistical criteria: o, q. Data extraction Two reviewers (RV, JvW) independently documented the following characteristics of each included study: 1. Study design. 2. Participants: inclusion and exclusion criteria; number of patients; sex; age; type of dementia and diagnostic instruments used; severity of the dementia and diagnostic instruments used; duration of the dementia; inpatients/outpatients; duration of institutionalization. Literature review 35
3. Psychosocial method: type of psychosocial support method in the experimental condition(s); type of psychosocial support in the control condition(s), features of methods (duration, frequency, setting). 4. Outcome measures/instruments (aggression, depression or apathy): instrument(s) used; timing of measurements; number of participants who completed the study in the experimental and control conditions; mean scores for experimental and control conditions; standard deviations in experimental and control conditions. 5. A short description of the results. The documentations of the two researchers were compared and disagreements were resolved by discussion. Data synthesis Owing to diversity in the features of the psychosocial methods and in outcome measures, it was not possible to pool the data for each type of method. Therefore a ‘Best Evidence Synthesis’ was conducted (see table 2.3) based upon those developed by Van Tulder et al. (2002) and adapted by Steultjens et al. (2002). Table 2.3 Principles of Best Evidence Synthesis Evidence: Provided by consistent, statistically significant findings in outcome measures in at least two high quality RCTs. Moderate evidence: Provided by consistent, statistically significant findings in outcome measures in at least one high quality RCT and at least one low quality RCT or high quality CCT. Limited evidence: Provided by statistically significant findings in outcome measures in at least one high quality RCT Or Provided by consistent, statistically significant findings in outcome measures in at least two high quality CCTs (in the absence of high quality RCTs). Indicative findings: Provided by statistically significant findings in outcome measures in at least one high quality CCT or low quality RCT (in the absence of high quality RCTs) No/Insufficient evidence: If the number of studies that have significant findings is less than 50% of the total number of studies found within the same category of methodological quality and study design Or In case the results of eligible studies do not meet the criteria for one of the above stated levels of evidence Or In case of conflicting (statistically significantly positive and statistically significantly negative) results among RCTs and CCTs Or In case of no eligible studies 36 Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24-h dementia care
Page 1 and 2: Dit proefschrift is een uitgave van
Page 3 and 4: Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24-hou
Page 5: niet naakt maar ontbloot het ontgli
Page 8 and 9: 8 Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24-h
Page 10 and 11: Introduction The study described in
Page 12 and 13: equire special services such as the
Page 14 and 15: the biomedical nature of dementia a
Page 16 and 17: Holtkamp et al., 1997; Kragt et al.
Page 18 and 19: Figure 1.1 Research model ‘reside
Page 20 and 21: a decrease of negative instrumental
Page 22 and 23: measurements on the experimental an
Page 24 and 25: Figure 1.3 Design of the study Mont
Page 26 and 27: Chapter 2 to 7 are submitted for pu
Page 28 and 29: 2 A systematic review The effects o
Page 30 and 31: International Psychogeriatric Assoc
Page 32 and 33: Table 2.1 Included methods Behaviou
Page 36 and 37: The Best Evidence Synthesis is cond
Page 38 and 39: This section describes the features
Page 40 and 41: Treatment type and first author Val
Page 42 and 43: and first author (N; sex; age) seve
Page 44 and 45: -table 2.5 continued V- Treatment t
Page 46 and 47: Treatment type and first author Psy
Page 48 and 49: The second control group continued
Page 50 and 51: the day hospital, an occupational t
Page 52 and 53: One included study researched the e
Page 54 and 55: There is limited scientific evidenc
Page 56 and 57: Another point related to the focus
Page 58 and 59: Abstract Many intervention studies
Page 60 and 61: characteristics of the programme (i
Page 62 and 63: implementation process and the resu
Page 64 and 65: Study group On the last day of trai
Page 66 and 67: Questionnaire In order to identify
Page 68 and 69: Table 3.1 Caregivers’ opinion abo
Page 70 and 71: Nursing home (H) Facilitating facto
Page 72 and 73: In four homes, the study group had
Page 74 and 75: ‘An obstacle was formed by centra
Page 76 and 77: patient outcomes. There were two pr
Page 78 and 79: interventions in the organisational
Page 80 and 81: centred work environments’, as de
Page 82 and 83: 4 Effects of snoezelen, integrated
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Introduction Effective communicatio
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The following research questions wi
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Subjects Residents To establish the
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CNAs was employed in the ward at pr
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Table 4.1 Nonverbal categories of t
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-table 4.2 continued Instrumental c
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the mean frequency of ‘smiling’
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Follow-up Allocation Enrollment Ana
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The table shows that the experiment
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Table 4.5 Change in nonverbal commu
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Table 4.6 Change in verbal communic
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Table 4.7 Change in verbal communic
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Conclusion and discussion Results T
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Strengths and limitations The findi
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communication despite demented resi
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Abstract Background. Caregivers in
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Background The intervention (implem
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In particular, it was hypothesized
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In the pre-test, 124 video-recordin
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Enabling Giving the resident the op
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Pearson correlation of 25 (10%) vid
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change scores indicate a change in
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- table 5.2 continued - Outcome mea
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they were considered particularly i
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dementia, which can be used by staf
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138 Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24
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Abstract Objectives: To investigate
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2002; Sambandham and Schirm, 1995).
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Randomization took place at ward le
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eak) (Van Weert et al., 2004). Inte
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The caregivers were offered three i
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internal consistency (Cronbach’s
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The number of wards was too small t
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Background characteristics Table 6.
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* p< .05, ** p< .01 a The scores in
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- table 6.3 continued - Outcome mea
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al., 2002). The within-session impr
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Effects on resident's behaviour 163
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Abstract Background: Dementia among
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new model, reflecting the relations
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considerations (e.g., the presence
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working life. Outcome measures ‘Q
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value calculated from the valid ite
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Enrollment Allocation Follow-up Ana
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The table shows that the experiment
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Psychological outcomes The effects
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Table 7.4 Change in outcome measure
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Table 7.4 provides the adjusted est
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model takes into account the data o
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8 Summary and discussion Summary an
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analysis, which implied more power
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informal reciprocal consultation wa
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To study the adherence of CNAs to t
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Discussion Theoretical reflections
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The effects of improved quality of
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The results of the present study gi
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direction. Qualitative as well as q
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Schrijnemaekers, 2001; 2002). They
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This study helped to answer relevan
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The practical and complex methodolo
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expected. In the experimental group
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observation scale that included pos
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Stimulus preference screening and c
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Samenvatting In dit proefschrift wo
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Om de effecten van snoezelen op de
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van gewoontes. De follow-up bijeenk
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tijdsinvestering gedaan wordt op zo
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In hoofdstuk 7 zijn de effecten van
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ewonersgerichte houding van verzorg
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Samenvatting 233
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Ballard C, O’Brien J, James I, My
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Burns A. Psychotherapy in Alzheimer
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versus usual care to demented elder
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Grol RTPM, van Everdingen JJE, Casp
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observatiekliniek voor ouderen [Val
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Landeweerd JA, Boumans NPG, Nissen
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Ribbe MW, Ljunggren G, Steel K, Top
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Schrijnemaekers VJJ, Rossum E van,
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Volicer L, Camberg L, Hurley AC, As
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254 Multi-Sensory Stimulation in 24
Page 245 and 246:
Definitions for verbal communicatio
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Definitions for ‘Positive Person
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Definitions for behaviour/mood item
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Item Definition Wandering / restles
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Appendix 2 Gedragsobservatielijst I
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CODE B2-6- B VK 0=nee / 1=ja CODE B
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Zorg Afhankelijkheids Schaal voor d
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12 Reageert zichtbaar op muziek noo
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50 Schuift met de voeten heen en we
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AGITATIE (CMAI-D) De volgende 29 vr
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DEPRESSIE (CSDD-D) Hierna volgen ee
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2. Incontinentie De mate waarin de
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9. Vermijden van gevaar De mate waa
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Tot slot Wilt u a.u.b. controleren
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284 Multi Sensory Stimulation in 24
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1) TOELICHTING Met behulp van deze
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1 wisselend ga door naar vraag 10
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Heeft u in uw werk voldoende afwiss
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C. OMGANG DOOR VERZORGENDEN MET DEM
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22 ik krijg van de demente bewoners
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D. PROBLEMEN VAN VERZORGENDEN MET H
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schreeuwen) 1 2 3 4 5 8 29 depressi
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geen weinig niet weinig veel heel v
Page 296 and 297:
13 de mate waarin u het gevoel hebt
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zien? 6. Voelde u zich de laatste B
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Eventuele aanvullende op- en aanmer
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Dankwoord Dankwoord 305
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“En nu de zon nog….!”, zei ee
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Curriculum Vitae Curriculum Vitae 3
Page 308 and 309:
Julia van Weert werd op 1 november
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