LTBB Master Land Use Plan - Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa ...

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. INTRODUCTION THE LTBB MASTER LAND USE PLAN BACKGROUND On Sept. 21, 1994, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians (LTBB) were federally reaffirmed with the signing of Public Law 103-324. A seven member Tribal Council, with staggered terms, governs the tribe. The tribe has approximately 3800 members with a large number living within Charlevoix and Emmet Counties. The Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians presently employs about 145 full and part-time employees. The historically delineated reservation area, located in the northwestern part of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, encompasses approximately 336 square miles of land within the two-county area. The largest incorporated cities within the reservation boundaries are Petoskey, Harbor Springs, and Charlevoix. See Map 1, Reservation Overview. The reservation area of the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians encompasses the majority of Emmet County and a portion of Charlevoix County. This particular area has experienced tremendous growth in recent years, particularly in the number and area of residential developments. The population of Emmet County, which was 25,040 in 1990, is expected to increase by over 21% in the coming decade. 70% of that population growth will take place in the 3 townships that surround Little Traverse Bay. Since 1990, the number of new housing starts has averaged 368 per year, with the majority of these again being in the southwestern area of the county. As originally stated in the 1971 Emmet County Future Land Use Plan, and repeated in the 1997 revision of that plan, “Emmet County’s resource base must be viewed as an important element of the ecological structure of Michigan and the (entire) Upper Midwest. Deer hunting…and clean waters represent major factors in the local economy and are attractions which account for the increasing demands upon the rural environment.” (Abridged, emphasis added.) With the advent of gaming and other revenue to the Tribe, more opportunities exist for both land acquisition and property development. The rapid growth of tribal programs and services also place pressure on the Government to fully provide the infrastructure needed to deliver them. It is against this backdrop that the LTBB Master Land Use Plan is being developed. The resources utilized to prepare and review the plan consist primarily of Planning Department staff. To ensure the highest quality content for the Plan document, a Master Land Use Plan Working Group was formed by the Tribal Administrator to act as an editorial committee. This Working Group includes staff that has prior experience with Land Use Planning and the process of developing this kind of document. The work effort was begun in earnest in late fall of 2003, with initial drafts complete in early fall of 2004. DOCUMENT POINT OF VIEW 1) Purpose. The LTBB Master Land Use Plan is a precursor in the development of a Land Acquisition Policy for the tribe. The reasoning is that before land acquisition decisions can be made there needs to be an understanding of both current 3
development patterns in the Reservation area, as well as the direction the larger community is taking. This, and the priorities of the tribal membership, can only be addressed by a Master Land Use Plan. The Plan is a policy guide for Tribal decision-making. It does not carry the force of law or statute, but may be utilized to generate Tribal statutes or other public policy tools as may be necessary for the Tribal Council to achieve the goals and objectives in the Plan. a. The Plan will be a resource document for Tribal Council and staff to gauge how the proposed acquisition will “fit” and whether it is advisable to pursue. b. The Policy, developed from the Plan, will provide the guidance on what types of acquisitions should be pursued, and what factors any particular acquisition should be judged against. c. The Plan is not a substitute for detailed site planning and site plan review of proposed developments, either Tribal or otherwise. While the Tribe’s “Land Base Restoration Plan” (last updated in 1999) provides general direction for which uses the initial tribal land acquisitions should be put to, they and all other development sites still must rely on original and on-site data gathering for best results. 2) Governmental Context. As a practical matter, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians only has jurisdiction over land use on property it owns and has placed in trust. This means that land use decisions elsewhere are made at the Township, City, or County level, depending on who has been granted zoning authority. Thus, any land use plan developed by the Tribe must take other plans into consideration. Therefore, a great deal of our analysis focused on these “external” plans and ordinances. The external reservation boundaries of the LTBB encompass 12 Townships, 3 Cities and 2 Villages or Names Places. This, in addition to the County governments of both Emmet and Charlevoix, as well as sometimes distinct or overlapping Federal authority can create a jurisdictional patchwork that is sometimes difficult to negotiate. Nevertheless, and largely because of the sovereignty of the Tribe, any land use decisions made at any level of government can have an impact on all the others. 3) Process. To create a Master Land Use Plan for the tribe, a great many factors must be considered. This includes information about trends in the larger population, tribal populations, current and historic land use information, and the capability of the land itself to support development. Traditionally, future land use plans and policies are based on elements such as: a. The needs and desires of the citizenry and elected public officials, in this case citizens of the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians and it’s Tribal Council; b. The location, number, and quality of existing public facilities (infrastructure) such as roads, water, sewer, parks, and other elements of the built environment; 4
Page 1 and 2: LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF ODAWA
Page 3: LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF ODAWA
Page 7 and 8: The basic structure of this documen
Page 9 and 10: The Little Traverse Bay Bands was o
Page 11 and 12: LTBB RESERVATION AND COUNTY PROFILE
Page 13 and 14: As can be seen most clearly in the
Page 15 and 16: Charlevoix and the City of Petoskey
Page 17 and 18: Table 13 is entitled “LTBB Reserv
Page 19 and 20: precisely why this is the case, alt
Page 21 and 22: PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE LTBB RESER
Page 23 and 24: would be to say “over the last 10
Page 25 and 26: tranquility of the lakes are all pa
Page 27 and 28: actually is county, state, or feder
Page 29 and 30: LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF ODAWA
Page 31 and 32: THE MODEL This need for a predictiv
Page 33 and 34: c. Merrge Emmet and Charlevoix Road
Page 35 and 36: Conservation = 19 - Open Land and O
Page 37 and 38: 1 Conservation 10 3 Open Space 8 5
Page 40 and 41: . 39
Page 42 and 43: . . . LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF
Page 44 and 45: LTBB MASTER LAND USE PLAN PUBLIC PA
Page 46 and 47: STATE-WIDE PUBLIC MEETING RESULTS T
Page 48 and 49: Appendix A. Proposed Land Developme
Page 50 and 51: vii. If the parcel is found to fit
Page 52 and 53: LTBB Reservation - Age Distribution
Page 54 and 55:
Charlevoix County Area Name 18+ Pop
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LTBB Reservation - Household and Fa
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Grades KG-12 Grades KG-12 Grades PK
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MCD White alone LTBB Reservation -
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Population 70000 60000 50000 40000
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30.00 25.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 5.00
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LTBB Reservation - Housing Characte
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LTBB Reservation - Household Income
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Percent Change 100.00 80.00 60.00 4
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8,308 acres Poor 9,120 acres Somewh
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100
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102
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Computed Public Input Results 1 16.
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0.625Tribal center for community me
Page 110:
18.000 16.000 14.000 12.000 10.000
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LTBB Master Land Use Plan - Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa ...

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