10-Gigabit Ethernet Switch Performance Testing - Ixia

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Glossary Access Control List (ACL) A list of the services available on a server, each with a list of the hosts permitted to use the service. Context Memory Context memory contains instructions about whether to deny or forward a packet, where to forward and all internal system headers needed to get a packet from an ingress to egress port and the external packet header (new MAC, IP, MPLS stacks, etc.). Head-of-Line (HOL) Blocking HOL blocking occurs when the packet at the head of a queue cannot be transmitted to an output due to a contending packet from another input. At the same time, a packet further back in the queue is blocked although its destination port is free to receive the packet. Packet Buffer A temporary repository for arriving packets while they wait to be processed. Packet Processor Optimized application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or programmable device (NPU) for processing and forwarding packets in the data plane or fast path. It performs specific key tasks such as parsing the header, pattern matching or classification, table lookups, packet modification, and packet forwarding, ideally at wire speed. Random Early Detection (RED) Random Early Detection (RED) is a mechanism for avoiding congestion in packet switched networks. RED controls the average queue size by indicating to the end hosts when they should temporarily stop sending packets. Synchronized Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Synchronized Optical Network (SONET) SERDES Serializer/Deserializer. Switch Fabric Provides data plane interconnection between each line card in the system. The switch fabric typically employs a crossbar to move packets between its ingress and egress ports. An international digital telecommunications network hierarchy that standardizes transmission around the bit rate of 51.84 megabits per second, which is also called STS-1. The SDH specifies how payload data is framed and transported synchronously across optical fiber transmission links, without requiring all the links and nodes to have the same synchronized clock for data transmission and recovery. SONET is a standard for optical transport. It allows different types of formats to be transmitted on one line. 10-Gigabit Ethernet Switch Performance Testing Copyright © 2004, Ixia 29
Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) Acknowledgements Authors: Ted Fornoles, Alireza Safari Editor, Illustrator: Elliott Stewart Content addressable memory refers to a kind of storage device that includes comparison logic with each bit of storage. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) A method of putting multiple data streams in a single signal by separating the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration. Each individual data stream is reassembled at the receiving end. Traffic Management Function The traffic management function is used to regulate the flow of traffic. It will forward traffic according to a user-defined set of rules pertaining to priority levels, latency and bandwidth guarantees, and varying congestion levels. It also provides the necessary buffering required to work in conjunction with any queuing mechanisms it uses to manage traffic flow across the switch fabric. Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) A type of multiplexing developed for use on optical fiber. WDM modulates each of several data streams onto a different part of the light spectrum. Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) A scheduling algorithm that identifies conversations (in the form of traffic streams), separates packets that belong to each conversation, and ensures that capacity is shared fairly between these individual conversations. WFQ is an automatic way of stabilizing network behavior during congestion and results in increased performance and reduced retransmission. Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) Cisco’s implementation of RED, called Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED), combines the capabilities of the RED algorithm with IP Precedence to provide preferential traffic handling for higher priority packets. Weighted Round Robin (WRR) A scheduling algorithm that assigns a weight to each client (it can be a labeled stream or a port within a switch/hub, or a group of streams belonging to the same service level); the assigned weight corresponds to the pre-assigned bandwidth allocation for the client. 30 Copyright © 2004, Ixia 10-Gigabit Ethernet Switch Performance Testing
Page 1 and 2: Enabling a Converged World 10-Giga
Page 3 and 4: Copyright © 1998-2004 Ixia. All ri
Page 5 and 6: 4 Copyright © 2004, Ixia 10-Gigabi
Page 7 and 8: 10-Gigabit Ethernet LAN The biggest
Page 9 and 10: What Happens to a Packet When It En
Page 11 and 12: Metering and statistics recording P
Page 13 and 14: performing key searches in a matter
Page 15 and 16: Random Early Detection (RED) or Wei
Page 17 and 18: Developing the Right Test Methodolo
Page 19 and 20: Anticipating the behavior of the 10
Page 21 and 22: Ixia’s Test Solution Ixia provide
Page 23 and 24: Appendix: 10GE Testing Examples The
Page 25 and 26: 2. Testing for Latency: RFC 2544 La
Page 27 and 28: Methodology 1. Packets will be sent
Page 29: Results. The test results provide a

10-Gigabit Ethernet Switch Performance Testing - Ixia

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