WP 5 Analysis of present IWRM practices - Brahmatwinn

the output of the main industry branches. Using estimation method suggested by TAR Hydrology
Bureau, the average water consumption of water per 10,000 Yuan industrial output is at the level of
400 m 3 yearly and the total amount consumption was about 86.84 million m 3 in TAR in 2006.
There are four types of enterprises that consume a great lot of water and produce a lot of waste
water. They are power plant, mining and dressing plants, cement plants and Beer Company:
• Power Plant
There were 107 enterprises of production and supply of electricity and thermal power in 2006. It is
the largest industry sector in TAR. These enterprises generated 1515. 1 million Kwh of electricity and
91 percent of electricity was generated by hydropower and about 5 percent (70 million Kwh) was
generated by thermal power plant in 2006. The amount of water consumption by thermal power
plant estimated (water consumption amount of per kwh = 3.36 kg) was 0.2352 million m 3.
• Mining and Dressing Plant
There were 71 unit enterprises of mining and dressing in 2006 and main mining production are
chromium ore and borax ore but the output of borax has decreased significantly since 2000 for borax
plants in China demanded little TAR natural borax. The output of chromium was 0.1217 million ton.
The amount of water consumption estimated (water consumption amount of per ton of output of
chromium ore = 6 ton) was 0.7306 million m 3 .
• Cement Plant
The output of cement reached 1.666 million tons in TAR in 2006, and the most of the cement
products in TAR is produced by local plants. The amount of water consumption estimated (water
consumption amount of per ton of output of cement = 0.2 ton) was 0.332 million m 3 .
• Beer Plant
The output of beer was 63,280 tons in 2006 and reached 83,500 tons in 2007, a rise of 31.9 percent.
The amount of water consumption estimated (water consumption amount of per ton of output of
beer = 10 ton) was 0.835 million m 3 .
Water quality in Brahmaputra river basin in TAR
The evaluation of the Brahmaputra river basin water quality in Tibet is generally good, man-made
pollution is not prominent. Water quality in Brahmaputra River Basin depends on the geographical
location (upper, middle or lower reaches in Tibet), location of land mines, and landforms. Water
quality in dry season is better than that in rain season for sediment carried an amount of lead and
cadmium in rain season. However, in the sites where water was polluted by thermal power plant
sewage, like Yangbajing section of Doilung Qu River, water quality in rain season was better than that
in dry season. For example, in 2000 and 2001, water quality in a length of 2883 km of river in
Brahmaputra, including the main stream of the Brahmaputra and three first- level tributary, Nianchu
River, the Lhasa River, and Niyang and two second-level tributary, Doilung Qu and Pasang Qu river
were evaluated. In dry season, water quality in more than 97.4 percent of monitored river was better
than level Ⅲ (slightly polluted), 0.1 percent at level Ⅲ and 2.5 percent lower than level Ⅲ. In rain
season, water quality in more than 76.8 percent of monitored river was better than level Ⅲ (slightly
polluted) and 23.2 percent lower than level Ⅲ.
A more detailed overview is given in the Tab. 7: River water quality and waste water discharge
monitoring in TAR from 2000 to 2007.
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