WP 5 Analysis of present IWRM practices - Brahmatwinn

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Directory of figures Fig. 1: Hydrograph of Danube River at gauge Achleiten ......................................................................... 5 Fig. 2: Main-Danube Channel .................................................................................................................. 6 Fig. 3: Flood protection structures in Salzburg........................................................................................ 7 Fig. 4: Flood protection structures in the Salzach basin (red triangles) .................................................. 8 Fig. 5: Effect of the Sylvenstein dam since 1959 ..................................................................................... 9 Fig. 6: Hydrograph of Salzach River ....................................................................................................... 11 Fig. 7: River renaturation along the Salzach close to Laufen ................................................................ 11 Fig. 8: Flood events in Salzburg ............................................................................................................. 11 Fig. 9: Salzach former (above) and nowadays strictly human regulated (below) ................................. 12 Fig. 10: Hydrograph of the Lech River ................................................................................................... 13 Fig. 11: Forrgen Lake ............................................................................................................................. 13 Fig. 12: Organization structure under the Danube River Protection Convention (ICPDR) .................... 15 Fig. 13: Hydrograph of the Brahmaputra in Nuxia, Tibet ...................................................................... 17 Fig. 14: Snowline variations in the Yarlung Tsangpo basin ................................................................... 18 Fig. 15: Hydrograph of Lhasa River ........................................................................................................ 20 Fig. 16: Typical lake feature to calculate dam factor ............................................................................ 21 Fig. 17: Hydrograph Wang Chu .............................................................................................................. 25 Fig. 18: Flood protection measures in Assam ....................................................................................... 28 Fig. 19: Water management plans ........................................................................................................ 30 Fig. 20: Hydrographs of European and Asian Rivers ............................................................................. 32 Directory of tables Tab. 1: Runoff values of the Danube River and tributaries ..................................................................... 4 Tab. 2: Runoff at selected gauges along the Lech in m 3 /s ..................................................................... 14 Tab. 3: Annual runoff of the Brahmaputra at selected stations in Tibet and India .............................. 16 Tab. 4: List of glaciers in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin .................................................................... 17 Tab. 5: Brahmaputra countries and population .................................................................................... 29 3
1 Introduction IWRM in a trans-boundary river system has to consider different aspects, for example measures and policies to cope with natural hazards like floods, droughts, GLOFs or extreme snow melt events, but also the issue that fresh water in sufficient quantity and quality should be made available to meet the water needs of downstream countries. The twinning river basins of the Upper Danube in Europe and the Upper Brahmaputra in South Asia are characterized by changing water variability during the seasons. In low flow times it is often difficult to meet the water demands in sector view (public water supply, industry, environmental flow) and spatial view (up- and downstream demands). In high flow times, flood and erosion often cause serious problems and constitute a risk for nature and humans. An overview to these issues in the two river basins is given in the following chapters. 2 Water distribution strategies and policies in the UDRB The runoff of the Danube and its tributaries depends mainly on precipitation in form of rain and snow and melting water from snow-covered and glaciated areas. The most important tributaries of the Danube on the south flank are next to the rivers Iller and Lech, the Isar and the Inn. On the north flank these are Altmühl, Naab and Regen. They are coming from the Varistic Mountains Black Forest and Bavarian Forest. The rivers with the highest runoffs are coming from the south flank from the Alps, because the catchment area of these rivers is with 40.000 km 2 much bigger than the total basin area of the northern tributaries with 12.000 km 2 . The runoff values from the northern tributaries are comparatively low, see table 1 (BAYERISCHES LANDESAMT FÜR WASSERWIRTSCHAFT 2005). The Inn contributes about 50% to the average runoff of the Danube at the gauge Achleiten (1 440 m 3 /s). The table below shows some average runoff values from long time series, thus it appears that the three tributaries of the southern flank Lech, Isar and Naab bring much more water than the confluences of the north. Tab. 1: Runoff values of the Danube River and tributaries (BAYERISCHES LANDESAMT FÜR WASSERWIRTSCHAFT 2005). River Gauge Time Series Avg. of lowest discharge m 3 /s 4 Avg. discharge m 3 /s Avg. of highest discharge m 3 /s Danube Achleiten 1954-2003 645 1.438 4.317 Iller Wiblingen 1971-2003 7,7 56 428 Lech Power Plant Rain 1982-2001 47,8 116 485 Isar Plattling 1954-2003 95,3 176 562 Naab Heitzenhofen 1954-2003 18,5 50,2 298 Regen Regenstauf 1954-2003 13,1 37,9 297 Altmühl Beilngries 1985-2002 6,56 17,2 91 Inn Passau 1954-2003 296 747 3.058
Page 1 and 2: Project no: GOCE -036952 Project ac
Page 3 and 4: Summary The twinning Upper Danube R
Page 5 and 6: (approx. 55%) of the usable water r
Page 7 and 8: • In the UDRB substantial progres
Page 11 and 12: Directory of figures Fig. 1: Water
Page 13 and 14: In the Austrian part live aproximat
Page 15 and 16: 2.1 Public water supply The public
Page 17 and 18: amounts 90 Mio.m 3 (BUNDESMINISTERI
Page 19 and 20: • Transboundary conflicts and tre
Page 21 and 22: populated uplands and the densely p
Page 23 and 24: Tab. 4: Water resources and utiliza
Page 25 and 26: TAR has the lowest per capita indus
Page 27 and 28: Tab. 7: River water quality and was
Page 29 and 30: • Haihe River Water Resources Com
Page 31 and 32: area. The vibrant construction indu
Page 33 and 34: ) new settlements: where a rural wa
Page 35 and 36: Urbanization is also affecting the
Page 37 and 38: ) to enhance the reasonable sharing
Page 39 and 40: the lean flow of 304 cubic meters p
Page 41 and 42: IWMI (2005): Spatial Variation in W
Page 43: List of contributors Partner 1 FSU
Page 47 and 48: Danube region in comparison to the
Page 49 and 50: German Meteorological Service. The
Page 51 and 52: 2.1.4 Management in the Salzach bas
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 9: Salzach former (above) and
Page 55 and 56: iverbed sinking. The sinking of the
Page 57 and 58: 3 Water distribution strategies and
Page 59 and 60: The drainage area of the Yarlung Ts
Page 61 and 62: the basin underlain by permafrost r
Page 63 and 64: Other strategies: remove masses of
Page 65 and 66: The few that have been recorded in
Page 67 and 68: and an increase in intense rainfall
Page 69 and 70: A practicable judicious combination
Page 71 and 72: arrangements existed prior to the e
Page 73 and 74: Discharge in m3/s 5000 4500 4000 35
Page 77 and 78: Directory of figures Fig. 1: Non po
Page 79 and 80: Waste water discharges back through
Page 81 and 82: In the table is shown that nitrogen
Page 83 and 84: ate alone controls how fast (or slo
Page 85 and 86: Population in millions 45 40 35 30
Page 87 and 88: Fig. 5: 1991 - 2080 Tehsil wise pop
Page 89 and 90: 3.2 Trends in Population Growth: Bh
Page 91 and 92: Tab. 6: Urban population projection
Page 93 and 94: Major water user in Bhutan is the p
Page 95 and 96:
The Public Health Engineering Divis
Page 97 and 98:
Percent 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 -
Page 99 and 100:
Fig. 11: District population distri
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and approval. The statement assesse
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Project no: GOCE -036952 Project ac
Page 105 and 106:
Directory of figures Fig. 1: Irriga
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Example of government aid for susta
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In Lhasa Gravity Irrigation is main
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36, Wuqi Duilongqu, the branch of L
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These problems have led to a very l
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The National Irrigation Policy was
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pesticides are effective when used
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• Region of Applicability of Resu
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up at Rs. 3.19 Crore for a target o
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References BAYRISCHER OBERSTER RECH
Page 125 and 126:
List of contributors Partner 1 FSU
Page 127 and 128:
In the middle of the river basins,
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to provide water to the urban area,
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References BAYERISCHES LANDESAMT F
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Content Introduction ..............
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echarge dynamics was chosen as the
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They are shown in Fig. 8.1 and 8.2
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Fig. 3: Average modeled water balan
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6 Conclusions for IWRM The applicat
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Krause, P., Bende-Michl, U., Bäse,
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B Surface runoff CLASS VALUE FROM V
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D Baseflow CLASS VALUE FROM VALUE T
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21% 9% 7% WRRU class distribution U
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WP 5 Analysis of present IWRM practices - Brahmatwinn

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