A Grammar of Mishnaic Hebrew

63 MORPHOLOGY
Further, as an imitation of BH: "ID^n Qid. 66 a.* The
following are doubtful: ^^"^^ to be sanctified, parallel to ^^^D^?*
M«n. xii. I, but probably read Qal, ^n^n^a I have been
enticed. Gen. R., § 71.
127. The finite parts of the Pual have been replaced by the
Hithpael (Nithpa'el), which latter has greatly extended its usage
as a passive, in the same way as the old passive of Qal was already
in BH replaced by its corresponding reflexive, Niph'al. The
Partic. alone has been preserved in the Pu al as a living form, but
only in an adjectival sense to express a state or condition.' Thus,
the Partic, Pual bears the same relation to Pi'el as the passive
^partic. Qaful bears to the Qal (cf. above, § 112).
128. In the formation of the fem. sing, of the Partic, the same
rule is observed as in the Pi'el. The short vowel u is regularly
followed by 1, to prevent confusion with the Partic. Pi'el.
129. The following are examples of the Partic: Hi^S^KD consumed,
Tam. i. 4; H'Jjnso fortified (of an eruption surrounded by sound
flesh), N«g. i. 3; H^^ilD uncovered, open. Sab. xix. i ; p t D armed,
BQ 57 b; h}^XiD made common. Dam. v. i; ^^iP^ direct, Mak.
ib 5; HBVlp beautified, j. Git. ii. i ; HTOD excommunicated, N®d.
' An imitation of BH derived from Esther ii. 23. This Baraita, so different
from the ordinary oral Baraita, seems to be an extract from a historical chronicle.
It exhibits a number of other imitations, such as the use of the constecutive
tenses (cf. below, $ 156), and poetical expressions. Cf. also above, $ 16.
* In some texts H^Dp and nan3n, Sab. 33, 3, are also pointed as Pu'al:
nbap, ririnan. "^pUS 'Ed. iv. 5 in L. is an error for ip3V, as in Pea
vi. I in L.
» Cf. M§. V. II, where na^HD joined to the soil, is parallel to
plucked from the soil, and both these participles are parallel to ^^J,
So. ib. 6 Dnyanp has the force of a present participle, 'may be cleared
away*, whereas "^i^QlD, represents a past participle, expressing a condition,
almost like an adjective, * cleared away *. Cf. also the adjectival use of JDW
appointed, as contrasted with the verb ^3tp^p, Ab. d^RN. ii. 3.