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ON ACADEMIC F,REEDOM 29
far from numerous the young people who genuinely thirst for
truth and justice. Numerous are the wares that nature produces
by the dozen, but her choice products are few.
We all know that, so why complain? Was it not always thus
and will it not always thus remain? Certainly, and one must
take what nature gives as one finds it. But there is also such a
thing as a spirit of the times, an attitude of mind characteristic
of a particular generation, which is passed on from individual
to individual and gives its distinctive mark to a society. Each
of us has to do his little bit toward transforming this spirit of
the times.
Compare the spirit which animated the youth in OUr universities
a hundred years ago with that prevailing today. They had
faith in the amelioration of human society, respect for every
honest opinion, the tolerance for which our great minds had
lived and fought. In those days men strove for a larger political
unity, which at that time was called Germany. It was the students
and the teachers at the universities in whom these ideals
were alive.
Today also there is an urge toward social progress, toward
tolerance and freedom of thought, toward a larger political
unity, which we today call Europe. But the students at our
universities have ceased as completely as their teachers to embody
the hopes and ideals of the people. Anyone who looks
at our times soberly and dispassionately must admit this.
We are assembled today to take stock of ourselves. The
external reason for this meeting is the Gumbel case. This
apostle of justice has written about unexpiated political
crimes with devoted industry, high courage, and exemplary
fairness, and has done the co=unity a signal service by his
books. And this is the man whom the students and a good
many of the faculty of his university are today doing their best
to expel.
Political passion cannot be allowed to go to such lengths.
I am convinced tl1at every man who reads Mr. Gumbel's books
with an open mind will get the same impression from them
as I have. Men like him are needed if we are ever to build
up a healthy political society.