Grammatica - loco

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1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 12111 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30111 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 41111 tegenover ‘opposite, vis-à-vis’ Hij woont tegenover een bank. He lives opposite a bank. recht/schuin tegenover directly/diagonally opposite Er zijn er 900 overleden in 2007 tegenover 1200 in 2008. 900 died in 2007 as against/opposed to 1200 in 2008. Hij is verlegen tegenover vrouwen. He is shy with women. Dat kun je niet doen tegenover je ouders. You can’t do that to your parents. tijdens ‘during’ (see gedurende, an exact synonym) tot ‘until, till’ (see 11.21.1) When used with pronominal er (11.21.1, 15.3) or as a prefix with separable verbs (11.20.1) tot becomes toe. Wij gaan alleen maar tot We are only going as far as Amsterdam. Amsterdam. tot nu toe, tot dusver up till now tot drie keer toe up to three times tot diep in de nacht until late at night Ze werden tot de laatste man They were killed to the last gedood. man. tot ziens goodbye tot-en-met (often written t/m) up to and including tot elke prijs at any price tot mijn verbazing/vreugde to my amazement/joy iemand overhalen tot stelen/ to talk s.o. into stealing/going meegaan along etc. tussen ‘between, among’ tussen de twee bomen between the two trees tussen deze mensen/bomen among these people/trees Prepositions 331
13 Prepositions 332 tussen 3 en 4 uur between 3 and 4 o’clock Dat moet tussen ons blijven. That must stay between you and me. Je moet kiezen tussen . . . You must choose between . . . uit ‘out, out of, from’ uit een glas drinken to drink from a glass Hij komt uit Edam/België. He comes from Edam/Belgium. Hij is uit het dorp verdwenen. He disappeared from the village. een schilderij uit de 15e eeuw a painting from the fifteenth century Ik deed het uit liefdadigheid. I did it out of charity. uit wraak/jaloezie/vrees out of revenge/jealousy/fear iets uit eigen ervaring weten to know s.t. from one’s own experience uit het Nederlands/Duits to translate from vertalen Dutch/German We gaan een dagje uit. We are going out for a day. De verloving is uit. The engagement is off. De kachel/het licht is uit. The heater/light is off. Heb je het boek al uit? Have you finished the book yet? van ‘of, from, off’ (see also Possession 7.4) Usually written with a small letter in people’s names, e.g. H. van den Berg. (see 2.5) Hij is net van Schiphol He has just come from gekomen. Schiphol. 4 4 But Hij is net uit Amsterdam gekomen ‘He has just come from Amsterdam’ (see uit), Amsterdam is a city but Schiphol is an airport. If referring to where one comes ‘from’, i.e. in the sense of one’s origins, uit is used (see uit), e.g. Waar kom je vandaan? Ik kom uit Raalte/België. ‘Where do you come from? I come from Raalte/Belfium’. See van . . . vandaan under 13.2.3.
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1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 Content
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1 Pronunciation 2 being confused wh
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1 Pronunciation 4 the more common t
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1 Pronunciation 6 their zachte gee,
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8 Chapter 2 Spelling Spelling As wi
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2 Spelling 10 August 1996, dictated
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2 Spelling 12 doet het, hè? ‘You
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2 Spelling 14 7.2.1.4. In the follo
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2 Spelling 16 Under the spelling ru
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2 Spelling 18 2.9 The alphabet The
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20 Generally speaking Dutch punctua
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3 Punctuation 22 The following subt
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4 Cases 24 blootshoofds bare-headed
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5 Articles 26 (b) It is commonly om
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5 Articles 28 Hij is de nieuwe Comm
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5 Articles 30 (d) It is always used
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32 Chapter 6 Demonstratives Aanwijz
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34 Chapter 7 Nouns Zelfstandige naa
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7 Nouns 36 7.1.1.9 Words ending in
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7 Nouns 38 7.1.2 7.1.2.1 Neuter nou
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7 Nouns 40 7.1.2.11 Adjectives endi
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7 Nouns 42 7.1.4 Nouns with two gen
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7 Nouns 44 formation is always to a
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7 Nouns 46 7.2.1.6 Foreign (usually
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7 Nouns Exceptions: nouns of Greek
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7 Nouns 50 7.2.2.3 There is a small
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7 Nouns 52 ei egg eieren gelid join
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7 Nouns The Netherlands Nederland t
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7 Nouns 56 7.3.6 -ster (a) Nouns de
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7 Nouns 58 7.5.1.2 -tje (a) Words c
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7 Nouns 60 7.5.1.5 -kje Nouns endin
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7 Nouns 62 scheermes razor scheerme
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7 Nouns 64 7.5.3.1 Adverbs are the
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66 Chapter 8 Pronouns Voornaamworde
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8 Pronouns 68 (b) The unemphatic fo
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8 Pronouns 70 8.1.2 8.1.2.1 Remarks
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8 Pronouns 72 distinguish singular
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8 Pronouns 74 Doe de deur dicht! Ne
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8 Pronouns 76 Je moet de oostkust b
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8 Pronouns 78 Ik weet het wel. Ik w
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8 Pronouns 80 She gave him the book
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8 Pronouns Masculine antecedents us
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8 Pronouns 84 8.4 8.4.1 Demonstrati
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8 Pronouns 86 8.5 8.5.1 Relative pr
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8 Pronouns 88 In this case the prep
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8 Pronouns 90 8.5.6 ‘Whose’ 1 2
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8 Pronouns 92 8.5.8 Independent rel
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8 Pronouns 94 Alle bomen die in dit
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8 Pronouns 96 Dit is een ‘must’
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8 Pronouns 98 sommige(n) some ander
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8 Pronouns 100 Ik heb ze allebei in
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8 Pronouns 102 8.6.9 Pronominal use
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8 Pronouns 104 When waar and its pr
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106 Chapter 9 Adjectives Bijvoeglij
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9 Adjectives 108 zaakgelastigde ‘
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9 Adjectives 110 2.8), Parijs - Par
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9 Adjectives 112 9.2.2 Inflection o
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9 Adjectives 114 (am)’. It is tha
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9 Adjectives 116 Here hoogst and ui
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9 Adjectives 118 Note that Dutch vo
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9 Adjectives 120 * getrouwd met mar
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9 Adjectives 122 * verwonderd over
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9 Adjectives 124 ‘greenish’. Th
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9 Adjectives 126 -vormig correspond
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9 Adjectives 128 haarscherp very sh
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9 Adjectives Licht- and donker- pre
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9 Adjectives 132 there is also the
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10 Adverbs 134 are basically as for
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10 Adverbs 10.1.2.2 Minder/minst
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10 Adverbs 138 Hartstikke, although
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10 Adverbs 140 The only exceptions
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10 Adverbs 142 A stylistic variant
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10 Adverbs 144 Sunday week zondag o
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10 Adverbs 146 10.3.13 Now now nu (
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10 Adverbs 148 all week (long) de (
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10 Adverbs 150 not yet nog niet sti
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10 Adverbs 152 10.3.21.4 ‘Before
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10 Adverbs 154 10.3.21.11 ‘Then
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10 Adverbs 156 hiervandaan, van hie
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10 Adverbs 158 10.4.1 Indefinite ad
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10 Adverbs 160 10.7 10.7.1 Formatio
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10 Adverbs 162 10.7.7 -waarts Compa
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10 Adverbs 164 Ik ben even gaan kij
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10 Adverbs 166 Je kent onze pastoor
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10 Adverbs 168 Hoor is very frequen
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11 Verbs 170 stole), hij heeft gest
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11 Verbs 172 hij gelooft hij reist
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11 Verbs 174 Those stems that end i
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11 Verbs 176 One should learn both
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11 Verbs 178 Examples: beloven ‘t
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11 Verbs 180 Purists have a prefere
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11 Verbs 182 Zij zullen het mij heb
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11 Verbs 184 Although it is not com
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11 Verbs 186 Onze hond is net doodg
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11 Verbs 188 11.2.4 11.2.4.1 Pluper
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11 Verbs 190 Als hij vroeger harder
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11 Verbs 192 dragen VI drijven I dr
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11 Verbs 194 verdelgen III verdriet
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11 Verbs 196 kijken keek keken geke
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11 Verbs 198 zuipen zoop zopen gezo
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11 Verbs 200 verzwelgen verzwolg ve
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11 Verbs 202 archaic: vraagde vraag
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11 Verbs 204 Jagen and waaien also
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11 Verbs 206 11.4.3 Jagen ‘to hun
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11 Verbs 208 Imperfect tense ik had
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11 Verbs There is an adjective form
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11 Verbs 212 It is impossible to gi
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11 Verbs 214 stikken to suffocate s
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11 Verbs 216 lopen ‘to run’ Hij
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11 Verbs 218 verliezen ‘to lose
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11 Verbs 220 11.8.1 11.8.1.1 Presen
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11 Verbs 222 11.8.2 Perfect tenses
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11 Verbs 224 11.8.3.1.4 mogen There
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11 Verbs 226 Dat kan wel waar zijn
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11 Verbs 228 (c) In formal style th
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11 Verbs 230 Note also the idiom Ho
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11 Verbs 232 11.9.2.2 It is never u
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11 Verbs 234 Zij hoorde mij komen.
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11 Verbs 236 11.9.3 Use of om . . .
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11 Verbs 238 11.10 11.10.1 The impe
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11 Verbs 240 11.10.4 Occasionally t
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11 Verbs 242 11.12 11.12.1 The pass
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11 Verbs 244 This double participle
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11 Verbs 246 Dat had gedaan moeten
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11 Verbs 248 11.13 Progressive or c
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11 Verbs 250 11.15.1 Many adjective
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11 Verbs 252 Although there is the
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11 Verbs 254 When writing such an o
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11 Verbs 256 Going out is very expe
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11 Verbs 258 There are basically tw
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11 Verbs 260 zich uitsloven to go t
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11 Verbs 262 zich vervelen* to be b
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11 Verbs 264 Ik heb geen geld bij m
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11 Verbs 266 laten zinken (tr.) Ik
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11 Verbs 268 betreffen to concern W
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11 Verbs 270 2 Nominal prefixes for
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11 Verbs 272 The above is potential
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11 Verbs 274 meaning. This process
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11 Verbs 276 11.20.2.1.4 The prefix
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11 Verbs 278 11.21 Verbs followed b
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Page 299 and 300: 11 Verbs 284 lijken to look like le
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Page 307 and 308: 12 Conjunctions 292 12.1.1.3 In the
Page 309 and 310: 12 Conjunctions 294 Onze kennissen
Page 311 and 312: 12 Conjunctions 296 sinds since (te
Page 313 and 314: 12 Conjunctions 298 It is, for exam
Page 315 and 316: 12 Conjunctions 300 It is also used
Page 317 and 318: 12 Conjunctions 302 The adverbial c
Page 319 and 320: 12 Conjunctions 304 12.2.1.10 Naar
Page 321 and 322: 12 Conjunctions 306 12.4 Correlativ
Page 323 and 324: 12 Conjunctions 308 12.4.2 Adverbia
Page 325 and 326: 12 Conjunctions 310 om 1 in order t
Page 327 and 328: 12 Conjunctions 312 but only or Hij
Page 329 and 330: 12 Conjunctions 314 welk(e) . .. oo
Page 331 and 332: 13 Prepositions 316 geen ster aan d
Page 333 and 334: 13 Prepositions 318 behalve ‘exce
Page 335 and 336: 13 Prepositions 320 binnen ‘withi
Page 337 and 338: 13 Prepositions 322 Hij zit (in) ee
Page 339 and 340: 13 Prepositions 324 naar Parijs ver
Page 341 and 342: 13 Prepositions 326 Onder het lezen
Page 343 and 344: 13 Prepositions 328 Als kind heb ik
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Page 349 and 350: 13 Prepositions 334 Ik heb het via
Page 351 and 352: 13 Prepositions 336 aan deze/die ka
Page 353 and 354: 13 Prepositions 338 Hij is het land
Page 355 and 356: 13 Prepositions 340 Hij is op winst
Page 357 and 358: 13 Prepositions 342 Note also: een
Page 359 and 360: 14 Numerals 344 10 tien 28 achtentw
Page 361 and 362: 14 Numerals 346 14.1.1.2 The Dutch
Page 363 and 364: 14 Numerals 348 14.1.2.2 Honderd, d
Page 365 and 366: 14 Numerals 350 14.2 Ordinal number
Page 367 and 368: 14 Numerals 352 14.2.1.5 Foreign ki
Page 369 and 370: 14 Numerals 354 2/3 twee derde 15 (
Page 371 and 372: 14 Numerals 356 een man van achter
Page 373 and 374: 14 Numerals 358 Het is vijf over ee
Page 375 and 376: 14 Numerals 360 ‘a few’ and hoe
Page 377 and 378: 14 Numerals 362 in vijf jaar tijd i
Page 379 and 380: 14 Numerals 364 14.11.2 Square and
Page 381 and 382: 366 Chapter 15 Er Er, which literal
Page 383 and 384: 15 Er 368 Hij heeft er genoeg. He h
Page 385 and 386: 15 Er 370 Hij verdenkt er zijn vrie
Page 387 and 388: 15 Er 372 15.5.2 When a clause begi
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Page 391 and 392: 16 Negation 376 Hij is niet mijn va
Page 393 and 394: 16 Negation 378 Hij geeft geen geld
Page 395 and 396: 16 Negation 380 16.1.4.6 ‘Not . .
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16 Negation 382 16.1.4.13 Nietwaar?
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Appendix 1 Letter writing and email
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390 Appendix 2 Proper nouns Eigenna
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 392 Country
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 400 Provinc
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns Berlin Berl
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 404 Lorrain
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Appendix 2 Proper nouns 406 3 Histo
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Appendix 3 Common Dutch abbreviatio
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416 Glossary of grammatical terms A
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Glossary of grammatical terms 418 C
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Glossary of grammatical terms 420 e
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Glossary of grammatical terms 422 I
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Glossary of grammatical terms 424 P
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Glossary of grammatical terms 426 i
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428 Index The numbers given are par
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Index 430 daar- + preposition 8.4.3
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Index 432 hun object pronoun 8.1, 8
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Index 434 preposition 13 after verb
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Index 436 punctuation 3 comma 3.1 r
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Index 438 verschillende indefinite
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