Grammatica - loco

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DENTAL ENDING An ending that contains a d or a t, as the sounds are
pronounced by letting the tongue touch the back of the top teeth, e.g.
-de, -te, -d or -t as in hoorde, blafte, gehoord, geblaft.
DERIVATIVE A word that is derived from another, e.g. gegeten is derived
from the verb eten.
DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR See ‘prescriptive grammar’.
DIERESIS The accent written ¨ which is placed on a vowel to show that
that vowel belongs to the next syllable, e.g. reünie ‘reunion’, where eu
is not to be read as the sound in deur but the e and the u are to be
read as separate sounds.
DIMINUTIVE A diminutive in Dutch is a noun which has had the suffix
-(p/k/t)je added to it to render it small, e.g. een huis/een huisje ‘a
house/a little house’.
DIPHTHONG When two adjacent vowels are pronounced together in quick
succession in such a way that they produce a new vowel sound, the
new sound is called a diphthong, e.g. e + i = ei.
DIRECT OBJECT The direct object in a sentence is the object of the verb,
i.e. the person or thing that is having the action of the verb performed
on it, e.g. ‘I can see the man/the ball’.
DOUBLE INFINITIVE A double infinitive construction is one where a clause
in the perfect tense has two infinitives at the end of it, rather than a
past participle and an infinitive, e.g. Ik heb hem zien komen and not
*Ik heb hem gezien komen.
DOUBLE PREPOSITIONS Prepositions which are used in combination with
each other, e.g. boven op de kast ‘on top of the cupboard’.
DUMMY SUBJECT This refers to one of the functions of er where er stands
in first position in the clause in the position normally occupied by the
subject, e.g. Er ligt een boek op tafel, which is a more usual way of
expressing Een boek ligt op tafel.
EMPHATIC IMPERFECT TENSE The form of the English imperfect that
utilizes the auxiliary verb ‘did’, e.g. ‘She did have a child’.
EMPHATIC PRESENT TENSE The form of the English imperfect that utilizes
the auxiliary verb ‘do’, e.g. ‘She does have a child’.
ENCLITIC An enclitic sound is one that is inserted between words as a
glide to aid pronunciation.
EXTENDED PARTICIPIAL PHRASE An adjectival phrase that contains a
present or past participle which phrase is usually expressed in English
by a relative clause, e.g. De door hem gemaakte kast = The cupboard
which he made.
FEMININE NOUN A noun which was considered feminine before masculine
and feminine nouns fell together in Dutch to form the common gender,
Glossary of
grammatical
terms
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