7.4 Hz, 1H), 4.00 (d, J = 14.4 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.60 (dd, J = 17.7, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 3.57 (d, J = 14.4 Hz, 1H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.28-3.10 (m, 3H), 2.34-2.22 (m, 2H), 2.17-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.94- 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.60 (m, 2H), 0.98 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 6H), 0.53 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 3H); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 179.0, 177.7, 171.5, 171.4, 166.5, 154.9, 143.5, 138.1, 132.7, 131.3, 130.0, 129.2, 128.9, 128.4, 126.9, 126.2, 66.9, 52.1, 48.0, 45.3, 44.2, 42.5, 41.6, 41.1, 28.5, 25.2, 20.9, 20.2, 20.2, 19.4, 12.6; IR (thin film): ν 3305, 2958, 1748, 1704, 1637 cm -1 ; HRMS calcd. for C23H24N3O6 [M-190] + m/z 438.1665, found 438.1675. Note: Fragment with m/z = 438 likely results from loss <strong>of</strong> a benzyl group and the CONH-i-Bu fragment. All O O NH O N H NH Bn O N 9-Benzyl-6-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3,7-trioxo-2,3,3a,4,5,9,9a,9b-octahydro-1H,7H-pyrrolo[3,4- h]isoquinoline-8,9-dicarboxylic acid 8-allylamide 9-(isobutylamide) (163b). Allylamine (18 µL, 250 µmol) was added to a solution <strong>of</strong> 161b (12 mg, 25 µmol) in CHCl3 (1 mL) and the reaction was stirred at rt for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with CHCl3 and washed with sat’d aq. NH4Cl. The organic layer was separated, dried over MgSO4 and concentrated under vacuum. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (EtOAc : hexanes, 1 : 1 to 1 : 0, v/v) to give 163b (12 mg, 92%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ 9.19 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (dd, J = 6.6, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 7.21-7.11 (m, 3H), 7.04-7.01 (m, 2H), 6.04-5.90 (m, 1H), 5.33 (dq, J = 17.2, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.20 (dq, J = 10.2, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.17-4.08 (m, 1H), 4.02 (d, J = 14.4 Hz, 1H), 3.99-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.54 (d, J = 218 163b O
14.4 Hz, 1H), 3.49-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.08 (bm, 2H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.79-2.71 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.21 (m, 1H), 2.15-1.94 (m, 3H), 1.80 (sept, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 1.69-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.45 (sex, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 0.95 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 6H), 0.57 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 178.6, 178.3, 170.5, 166.5, 154.5, 143.0, 138.4, 134.1, 132.7, 129.8, 128.3, 126.8, 116.3, 67.2, 47.3, 45.0, 44.7, 43.0, 42.3, 41.0, 28.2, 25.0, 24.7, 20.5, 20.4, 20.3, 19.4, 12.5; IR (thin film): ν 3325, 2959, 1770, 1697, 1642 cm -1 ; MS m/z (%) 534 (7), 469 (70), 360 (90), 287 (55); HRMS calcd. for C30H38N4O5 [M] + m/z 534.2842, found 534.2851. Compounds 172-174 were synthesized as part <strong>of</strong> a preliminary study and only partial spectral data was collected: BzHN HO N-(1-Benzyl-1-hydroxymethylpenta-2,3-dienyl)benzamide (172). To a solution <strong>of</strong> methyl ester 58a (100 mg, 0.297 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (1.2 mL) was added DIBAL-H (750 µL <strong>of</strong> 1.0 M solution in hexanes, 0.75 mmol) at -78 °C via a syringe in a dropwise manner. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to -10 °C and maintained at that temperature until TLC indicated absence <strong>of</strong> starting material (~10 min). The reaction was quenched by adding MeOH (200 µL) followed by sat’d aq. NH4Cl (600 µL). Vigorous stirring for 10 min led to formation <strong>of</strong> white solid that was filtered on a fritted funnel and washed with excess CH2Cl2. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum, and the crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (gradient elution, hexanes-EtOAc, 4 : 1 to 3 : 2, v/v) to afford 172 (61 mg, 67%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.67-7.20 (m, 10H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.43-5.19 (m, 2H), 3.94-3.83 (m, 2H), 3.59 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.45 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 0.5H), 3.08 (d, J = 13.5 Hz, 0.5H), 219 Bn 172 • H
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TRANSITION METAL-CATALYZED REACTION
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Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reaction
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List of Abbreviations Ac acetyl AcO
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Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction.
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Appendix A : X-ray crystal structur
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Table 4.8 Rh(I)-catalyzed cyclocarb
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List of Schemes Scheme 1.1 Three fo
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Scheme 3.24 Preparation of amide-te
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Scheme 4.16 Formation of bicyclo[5.
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1.0 Introduction 1.1 The Role of Di
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According to these guidelines, the
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Scheme 1.1 Three forms of diversity
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Another example from the Schreiber
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1.1.1 Transition Metal-Catalyzed Re
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37, , such reactions include transi
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the proximal olefin of allenyne 38
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2.0 Design and Synthesis of the Piv
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The allenic amino acid derivatives
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This protocol proved particularly u
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ZnCl2, which results in a Zn-chelat
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Scheme 2.7 Synthesis of trisubstitu
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THF), the yield was increased from
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the terminus of the alkyne led to d
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N-Alkylation of the glycine-derived
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circumvent this issue, variants suc
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BINAP as a chiral ligand to obtain
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stereochemistry of the exocyclic ol
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3.2 Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Allenic Cy
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exocyclic olefin geometry is not re
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3.2.1 Preparation of Enol-ether Tri
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Scheme 3.15 Synthesis of cycloisome
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Scheme 3.17 Cycloisomerization of a
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Scheme 3.19 Tandem cycloadditions o
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Scheme 3.21 Intermolecular Diels-Al
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attractive, since additional functi
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increased yield of the triene (47%)
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as an isobutyl-amide 155b was prepa
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group) demonstrated that this cyclo
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in 1M HCl/dioxane (1 : 1) for 1h, t
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ppm (dd, J = 7.1, 4.6 Hz, 1H) assig
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http://ccc.chem.pitt.edu/). Using f
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Notably, exclusive cycloisomerizati
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intermediate in the reaction we sou
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epulsive dipole interactions (Schem
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Table 3.4 Diels-Alder reactions of
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allenic Alder-ene reaction, ene-all
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Figure 3.4 Examples of natural prod
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species onto the proximal double bo
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Scheme 3.49 Rh(I)-catalyzed ene rea
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y Magnus 144 and it involves the in
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usually is DMSO. Heating to 100 ºC
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that require high pressures of CO.
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In contrast to the Mo(CO)6-mediated
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Scheme 4.15 Rh(I)-catalyzed allenic
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4.2 Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Cyclocarbo
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lack of double bond selectivity, si
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Table 4.2 Cyclocarbonylation reacti
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Notably, the allenic cyclocarbonyla
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Scheme 4.22 Cyclocarbonylation reac
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neat or in solution. This decomposi
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the newly synthesized fulvenes (e.g
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stereocenters and mixture of E/Z is
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proximal double bond to give α-alk
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the methyl ester and Ha are syn. Sc
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that the major diastereomer in the
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We were motivated to first examine
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Scheme 4.42 Synthesis of pyrrole 29
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periodic acid (H5IO6). 209 These hi
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eaction failed to go to completion,
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4.5.2 Synthesis of a Library of Tri
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diketones 312{1-3,1-2} in yields ra
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Figure 4.2 Distribution for physico
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tricyclic pyrrole 314{3,2,26} (Figu
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4.6 Synthesis of α-Alkylidene Cycl
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anched and linear carboxylic acid i
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eactivity of the species prepared i
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considerably lower than the ratio o
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diastereomer. Next, allenyne 328 wa
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Conclusions In summary, we have dem
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Experimental Section General Method
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General procedure A for esterificat
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F Bz N H 56f 2-Benzoylamino-3-(4-fl
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MeO2C Bz N H 58c 2-Benzoylamino-2-m
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MeO MeO2C Bz N H 58e 2-Benzoylamino
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mL) and MeOH (10 mL) instead of sat
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hexanes-EtOAc, 19 : 1 to 4 : 1, v/v
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which was immediately used in the C
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Boc TMS N H Bn 64f tert-Butyl-1-((4
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MeI (38 µL, 0.62 mmol). Yield 65a
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with brine and concentrated under v
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H MeO 2C • H Bn NHBoc tert-Butyl-
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TMS MeO 2C • 70 H H NHBoc 2-tert-
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- Page 201 and 202: BzN MeO 2C Bn 75b 2-(Allylbenzoylam
- Page 203 and 204: BzN MeO 2C TBSO 75e 2-(Benzoylbut-2
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- Page 209 and 210: µmol), [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 (1 mg, 3 µmol
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- Page 213 and 214: 6.72 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 0.5H), 6.68 (d
- Page 215 and 216: BzN MeO2C Bn 122a Methyl-2-(N-(but-
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- Page 221 and 222: 15 min the solvent was removed unde
- Page 223 and 224: Benzoyl chloride (0.169 mL, 1.46 mm
- Page 225 and 226: mg, 0.11 mmol), [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 (4 mg,
- Page 227 and 228: mL). kk The aqueous layer was extra
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- Page 231 and 232: 129.8, 129.0, 128.7, 128.4, 126.2,
- Page 233 and 234: MeO 2C O O O N H N R 1 O N Ph [10c-
- Page 235: The crude residue was purified by f
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- Page 241 and 242: was stirred at rt for 1 h when it w
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- Page 253 and 254: N Bz MeO2C OTBS 214 1-Benzoyl-2-(te
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- Page 259 and 260: 18.6 Hz, 1H), 4.34 (d, J = 18.0 Hz,
- Page 261 and 262: Bz N MeO2C 2-Benzoyl-3,7-dimethyl-6
- Page 263 and 264: v/v) afforded a mixture of compound
- Page 265 and 266: (435 mg, 1.21 mmol), DMSO (429 µL,
- Page 267 and 268: 4.02 (s, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 1.82 (s
- Page 269 and 270: (207 mg, 96%) consisting of 287e (7
- Page 271 and 272: procedure O, using: 74f (110 mg, 0.
- Page 273 and 274: Bz N O H CO2Me BocN 287i 3-(2-Benzo
- Page 275 and 276: 4.17 (d, J = 15.0 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (d,
- Page 277 and 278: 137.1, 136.9, 130.4, 129.8, 128.5,
- Page 279 and 280: H BzN MeO2C Bn H N C3H7 298b CO 2Me
- Page 281 and 282: NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 172.3, 169.
- Page 283 and 284: following the general procedure Q,
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119.9, 114.1, 109.9, 108.6, 73.0, 5
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4.11 (m, 1H), 4.07-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.
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126.8, 126.2, 109.0, 72.9, 58.7, 56
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NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3): δ 172.2, 169.
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3.0 Hz, 1H), 5.82-5.80 (m, 1H), 5.2
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87%). The diastereomeric ratio (288
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APPENDIX A: X-ray crystal structure
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APPENDIX B: X-ray crystal structure
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APPENDIX C: X-ray crystal structure
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APPENDIX D: X-ray crystal structure
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APPENDIX E: X-ray crystal structure
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APPENDIX F: QikProp property predic
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 74b 293
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 111a 295
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 155a 297
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 156a 299
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 186b 301
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 270h 303
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 287b 305
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 307 307
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1 H and 13 C NMRs of 308n 309
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10. (a) Burke, M. D.; Schreiber, S.
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Hu, Y. J. Comb. Chem. 2006, 8, 286.
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49. For reviews on reactions of all
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69. (a) Trost, B. M.; Lautens, M.;
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containing cross-conjugated trienes
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Vaillancourt, J.; Rasper, D. M.; Ta
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130. Oppolzer, W.; Snieckus, V. Ang
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149. (a) Hicks, F. A.; Buchwald, S.
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Maiese, W. M. J. Antibiot. 2000, 53
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192. The mechanism of decomposition
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Boger, D. L.; Boyce, C. W.; Labroli
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Generated Inhibitors of Human Mitog