risk factors impacting on the spread of hiv among pregnant women ...

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48 Known and suspected members of high-<strong>risk</strong> groups among sexual partners of women before HIV diagnosis, Tver, % 60,0 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 0,0 33,1 RISK FACTORS IMPACTING ON THE SPREAD OF HIV AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 9,6 7,6 10,8 40,1 Prisoners SWs’ clients IDU MSM HIV+ Known Suspected Fig. 15 33.1% of the women had had prisoners among their sexual partners. About 7.6% had had sex with persons habitually buying sexual services (half the level in the general sample). 40.1% had had sex with partners who were IDUs. 16.6% had had sex with partners known to be HIV-positive. 8.9%, before HIV diagnosis, had experienced sexual violence. 22.3% tended to consider their sexual behaviour before diagnosis as fairly safe; 20.4% as fairly unsafe. Only 6.4% perceived their sexual behaviour as completely safe (two times less than in the general sample). On the whole, the STI prevalence in the Tver sample was lower than in the general sample. 22.3% were diagnosed with candidiasis; 7% with trichomoniasis or syphilis; and 3.2% with gonorrhoea or chlamydiosis. After HIV diagnosis, there were changes in some aspects of sexual behaviour among women in Tver 11 . The proportion of women with an active sex life decreased: 88.5% of women engaged in penetrative sex, i.е. every tenth woman had not had sexual contact during this period. 19,7 0,0 0,6 11 It should be taken into consideration that the period between the diagnosis and the survey was fairly short and that for most of the interviewed women this was also a period of pregnancy, delivery and infant care. 16,6 8,9
RISK FACTORS IMPACTING ON THE SPREAD OF HIV AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Women’s sexual contact before and after HIV diagnosis, Tver, %, р # 0,001 100,0 80,0 60,0 40,0 20,0 0,0 Had sexual contacts Did not have sexual contacts Fig. 16 After HIV diagnosis, 90.6% of women in the Tver sample had only one sexual partner (which is nearly four times higher than in the general sample. Types of sexual partner before and after HIV diagnosis, Tver, % 100,0 80,0 60,0 40,0 20,0 0,0 100,0 0,0 88,5 Before diagnosis After diagnosis 99,4 97,1 61,8 11,5 Regular Non-regular Commercial partners partners partners Before diagnosis After diagnosis 9,3 3,2 0,0 49 Fig. 17
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