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Guide to Documents Relating to French and British North America in ...

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"Quoad alia a Sacra Congregatione ord<strong>in</strong>ata et decreta, ac praecipue quoad patrem<br />

Archangelum adiunctum patri prov<strong>in</strong>ciali prov<strong>in</strong>ciae parisiensis <strong>in</strong> adm<strong>in</strong>istr<strong>and</strong>a praefectura<br />

missionum et non aliis prov<strong>in</strong>ciis plura dicenda occurrunt, sed parco memor causae, memor<br />

temporum, dicam tanturn praeter <strong>in</strong>tentionem et expectationem nostram hoc factum esse, et nescio<br />

quomodo Sacrae Congregationi <strong>in</strong> mentem venerit illud statuere et patri Archangelo illud ipsum<br />

quantumcumque oblatum acceptare. Quantum ad me att<strong>in</strong>et deprecor Altissimum ut omnia ad<br />

maiorem Sui gloriam dirigantur <strong>in</strong> spe contra spem." [See Appendix A for translation.] (Leonard<br />

de La Tour <strong>to</strong> Francesco Ingoli, Paris, 26 Jan. 1640, Archives of the Sacred Congregation "de<br />

Propag<strong>and</strong>a Fide," SOCG, vol. 139, f. 80r)."<br />

93 John M. Lenhart, "The Capuch<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> Acadia <strong>and</strong> <strong>North</strong>ern Ma<strong>in</strong>e (1632-1655)," Records of the<br />

<strong>America</strong>n Catholic His<strong>to</strong>rical Society of Philadelphia, XXVII, 3 (September 1916), pp. 191-<br />

229; 4 (December 1916), pp. 300-327; XXVIII, 1 (March 1917), pp. 47-63; 2 (June 1917), p.<br />

184; Lenhart, "An Important Chapter <strong>in</strong> <strong>America</strong>n Church His<strong>to</strong>ry (1625-1650)," Catholic<br />

His<strong>to</strong>rical Review, VIII, 4 (January 1929), pp. 500-524; Lenhart, "The Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture of<br />

New Engl<strong>and</strong> (1630-1656)," Franciscan Studies, new ser., III, 1 (March 1943), pp. 21-46; 2 (June<br />

1943), pp. 180-195; 3 (September 1943), pp. 306-313. The first of these three articles uses<br />

Propag<strong>and</strong>a material via Rocco, S<strong>to</strong>ria delle missioni. The second <strong>and</strong> the third articles draw from<br />

the same documents, consulted <strong>in</strong> the archives of Propag<strong>and</strong>a, which are translated <strong>in</strong><strong>to</strong> English<br />

<strong>in</strong> "Important Chapter" <strong>and</strong> left <strong>in</strong> the orig<strong>in</strong>al language <strong>in</strong> "Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture."<br />

94 See Luca Codigno1a,"L'<strong>America</strong> del Nord nei documenti dell'archivio della Sacra Congregazione<br />

'de Propag<strong>and</strong>a Fide' (1754-1784)," <strong>in</strong> Giorgio Sp<strong>in</strong>i et al., eds., Italia e <strong>America</strong> dal Settecen<strong>to</strong><br />

all' eta dell'imperialismo, Venice: Marsilio Edi<strong>to</strong>ri, 1976, pp. 128-129.<br />

95 See id., p. 140.<br />

96 Lenhart's def<strong>in</strong>ition of Pages glorieuses is "[a] st<strong>and</strong>ard work" (Lenhart, "Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture,"<br />

p.44).<br />

97 He had only one citation from Congressi, <strong>America</strong> Centrale (Lenhart, "Important Chapter,"<br />

p. 506).<br />

98 Accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Lenhart, Simon S<strong>to</strong>ck, <strong>in</strong> his letter of 22 April 1626, wrote that he had "only the<br />

means <strong>to</strong> reach Genoa" (Lenhart, "Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture," pp. 23, 181). The orig<strong>in</strong>al, however,<br />

reads: "[D]ove es piu persecutione che qua et difficulta di fare frot<strong>to</strong> non puo <strong>and</strong>are, si non a<br />

Geneva, et <strong>and</strong>ero la, si mi darranno li mezzi necessarii per fare frot<strong>to</strong>" [See Appendix A for<br />

translation.] (Simon S<strong>to</strong>ck <strong>to</strong> [Propag<strong>and</strong>a], London, 22 Apr. 1626, SOCG 28). The <strong>to</strong>wn where<br />

S<strong>to</strong>ck wanted <strong>to</strong> go was then Geneva, the cradle of Calv<strong>in</strong>ism, <strong>and</strong> not Genoa, which does not<br />

make any sense at all. Furthermore, accord<strong>in</strong>g <strong>to</strong> Lenhart George Calvert went <strong>to</strong> Newfoundl<strong>and</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong> 1625 <strong>and</strong> from the isl<strong>and</strong> sent back a report (Lenhart, "Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture," p. 24). But Lord<br />

Baltimore went <strong>to</strong> his colony <strong>in</strong> Avalon <strong>in</strong> 1627 for the first time, <strong>and</strong> the 1625 report had been<br />

written by his governor, Sir Arthur As<strong>to</strong>n (S<strong>to</strong>ck <strong>to</strong> [Propag<strong>and</strong>a], Chelsea, 30 Oct. 1625, SOCG<br />

32). In another document, Lenhart read a strange "Hulzi" (Lenhart, "Capuch<strong>in</strong> Prefecture," p.<br />

192). He should have read "nu. 31" -- a cross reference with item no. 31 of the General<br />

Congregation of 12 January 1629 (S<strong>to</strong>ck <strong>to</strong> [Propag<strong>and</strong>a], London, 28 July 1628, SOCG 48).<br />

Inaccuracies <strong>and</strong> errors of this k<strong>in</strong>d are unfortunately quite common.<br />

99 Claude Vogel, The Capuch<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> <strong>French</strong> Louisiana (1722-1766), Wash<strong>in</strong>g<strong>to</strong>n, DC: The Catholic<br />

University of <strong>America</strong>, 1928.<br />

59

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