Reluctant Gangsters - London Borough of Hillingdon

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Contents Introduction 4 The Aims and Objectives of the Study 4 Methodology 5 Ch.1 Explaining and Defining Gangs 7 Ch.2 The Emergence And Growth of Gangs in Waltham Forest 14 Ch.3 Youth Gangs and the Drugs Market 20 Ch.4 The Youth Gangs of Waltham Forest 29 Ch.5 Gang Members 38 Ch.6 Gang Violence 42 Ch.7 Gang Culture 50 Ch.8 Reluctant Gangsters 54 Ch.9 The Social Impact of Gangs 59 Ch.10 A Seven Point Gang Strategy for Waltham Forest 74 References 96 Appendix I YOT Key Informant Schedule 101 Appendix II Gang/Group Ranking Chart 102 Appendix III YOT Caseload Survey 103 Appendix IV Three Gang Typologies Applied to the Waltham Forest Gangs 104 3
Introduction This report, compiled between September 2006 and March 2007, brings together data from two surveys, 54 interviews with ‘key informants’: professionals, local residents and young people involved with, or affected by, youth gangs. Key informants are marked like this (KI.01) in the text to indicate the source of the information. However, the report also draws on the many insights I have gained from informal conversations at Waltham Forest YOT over the period. The interview and survey data is augmented by a literature review. Some of the material presented here is straightforward reportage, but some of it is more speculative, based on inferences or hunches drawn from what respondents have said or what I have read. So when, in the text, I write ‘it appears’ or ‘it is said’, I am drawing on hearsay and hunches or making an inference that seems plausible to me but is not necessarily a castiron fact. As such, these kinds of assertions or conclusions should be read with caution. In the interests of anonymity this report does not name the key informants; yet without them this study would have been impossible. They were always welcoming and generous with their time and their contributions invariably perceptive and thoughtful. I offer them all my sincere thanks for this. Alice Ansell of Waltham Forest YOT organised most of these interviews and guided me through the administrative labyrinth. I am extremely grateful for all her hard work, especially since she had at least two other ‘day jobs’ to be getting on with at the time. 4
Page 1 and 2: Reluctant Gangsters: Youth Gangs in
Page 3: ‘Everybody on the street knows th
Page 7 and 8: Aim III: International Literature R
Page 9 and 10: emergence and growth and, within th
Page 11 and 12: existed for 3 months or more. The g
Page 13 and 14: necessary because, with the ‘glob
Page 15 and 16: 2. The Emergence and Growth of Gang
Page 17 and 18: effect of displacing some establish
Page 19 and 20: The ‘collapse of the ghetto’, W
Page 21 and 22: 4. Youth Gangs and the Drugs Market
Page 23 and 24: from South America to Jamaica, is s
Page 25 and 26: Fig. 4.2 “He buys two kilos of co
Page 27 and 28: Open markets cannot be protected as
Page 29 and 30: drugs in Liverpool and Manchester,
Page 31 and 32: Fig. 4.1: Metropolitan Police Harm
Page 33 and 34: years. The half dozen young people
Page 35 and 36: The Highams Park Gang (Severity Sco
Page 37 and 38: As we observed in chapter 1. existi
Page 39 and 40: 5. Gang Members Friendships and loy
Page 41 and 42: etween 2% and 5% of gun crime suspe
Page 43 and 44: 6. Gang Violence There is nothing s
Page 45 and 46: seventh highest rate of fatal and n
Page 47 and 48: Although it was only in a minority
Page 49 and 50: I had a beef with PC. They was doin
Page 51 and 52: 7. Gang Culture I can’t explain i
Page 53 and 54: Music In Kingston, each garrison co
Page 55 and 56:
8. Reluctant Gangsters He said ‘W
Page 57 and 58:
If the local gang asks someone on t
Page 59 and 60:
(5) Continued affiliation because o
Page 61 and 62:
Such discreditation generates damag
Page 63 and 64:
mobility. Other parents may feel sh
Page 65 and 66:
This is not to say that there has b
Page 67 and 68:
consequence of ‘taking out’ the
Page 69 and 70:
who have intimidated the Avenue you
Page 71 and 72:
Technology; mobile ‘phones and te
Page 73 and 74:
upon non-gang-involved students, th
Page 75 and 76:
10. A Seven Point Gang Strategy for
Page 77 and 78:
those functions on, and the need to
Page 79 and 80:
Targeted gang members experienced f
Page 81 and 82:
The Boston strategy assumes that if
Page 83 and 84:
Fig.10.2 Manchester Multi-Agency Ga
Page 85 and 86:
Fig.10.3 The X-it Programme Aims To
Page 87 and 88:
• Mediating between young people
Page 89 and 90:
or associates of the core group, is
Page 91 and 92:
7. School-based Gang Initiatives Th
Page 93 and 94:
Preventive initiatives are also imp
Page 95 and 96:
ealities ‘on the ground’. It wo
Page 97 and 98:
Elders Youngers Fig. 10.1 Wannabees
Page 99 and 100:
Currie E. (1985) Confronting Crime:
Page 101 and 102:
Pitts J. & Porteous D. (2005) Nobod
Page 103 and 104:
Appendix I Waltham Forest Gang Stud
Page 105 and 106:
Appendix III Waltham Forest Gang St
Page 107:
106
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