Pictorial Space throughout Art History: Cézanne and ... - ARAS
Pictorial Space throughout Art History: Cézanne and ... - ARAS
Pictorial Space throughout Art History: Cézanne and ... - ARAS
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<strong>ARAS</strong> Connections Issue 2, 2012<br />
held” |8|, “the capacity to accept paradox” (to contain opposites) |9|, “both room<br />
<strong>and</strong> strength” |10|, <strong>and</strong> both “originality <strong>and</strong> the acceptance of tradition as the<br />
basis for invention” |11|.<br />
A description of Winnicott's interior space <strong>and</strong> Jung's individuation<br />
with examples<br />
Winnicott described interior space in his book Playing <strong>and</strong> Reality |11|<br />
|47|. Jung <strong>and</strong> many others have described individuation |48| |49| |50| |51| |52|.<br />
I describe personality evolution here in terms of increased consciousness but it<br />
may take other forms.<br />
In individuation opposites (good <strong>and</strong> evil, strong <strong>and</strong> weak, wise <strong>and</strong><br />
foolish) are more balanced in consciousness: I am less liable to identify with one<br />
extreme <strong>and</strong> project the other extreme onto someone else. This is a quality of<br />
leadership. A leader should consider the opposing sides of an issue <strong>and</strong> make a<br />
conscious, balanced choice; a leader should not project evil, for example, as<br />
belonging exclusively to the other |9|.<br />
My patient, “Ted”, was a driver/shareholder at United Parcel Service. His<br />
parents had not been able to assert themselves consciously. As a child he did not<br />
play competitive sports. As an adult his instinctive potential for assertion was<br />
undifferentiated <strong>and</strong> expressed itself unconsciously in primitive forms. He was<br />
passive-aggressive or he flew into a rage. He read thrillers compulsively for their<br />
vicarious aggression. His conscious self was the weaker for this. He lacked<br />
confidence <strong>and</strong> could not voice his opinions or wishes appropriately.<br />
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