NATURAL RESOURCES OF SRI LANKA

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I I I ' List of Boxes I I I Rapid Urbanization in Sri Lanka: Implications and Challenges 42 • Price of Pollution 57 i Energy Efficiency-- Sri Lanka's Cheapest Energy Resource 84 • Air Pollution 89 i Sources and Effects of Air Pollution 91 JÊ Whither Chena 101 [ } Forest Gardens 113 W Chena Cultivation With a Difference 130 ! Profile of Water Pollution 158 • Beira Lake Pollution - Causes and Remedies 165 ! Ground Water Pollution in Jaffna 173 Forest Plantation for Shelter 207 The Forestry Development Program 210 Sinharaja 230 : Significance of the Coastal Region 238 f Coral Mining 247 ' Muthurajawela Marshes - Negombo Lagoon: Preparing a Master Plan 266 I 1 I I I XI
Page 1 and 2: 1 I I Hi- I I .1 Ii I Ii i I l I Il
Page 3 and 4: Sponsored by the United States Agen
Page 5 and 6: « . I I I Contents I I Research Te
Page 7 and 8: VI Supply and Processing 77 Sources
Page 9 and 10: VIII 8 Mineral Resources 181 GEMSTO
Page 11: FUNCTION AND VALUES 261 | Flood Sto
Page 15 and 16: This profile is only a beginning. T
Page 17 and 18: country daily temperature ranges ar
Page 19 and 20: urban population over its present u
Page 21 and 22: sessments and licenses for industri
Page 23 and 24: 10 Among, the many ancient monument
Page 25 and 26: 12 Heritage The Relative Number of
Page 27 and 28: 14 — — - Moinaxifotcascad» Pod
Page 29 and 30: 16 population. Folklore maintains t
Page 31 and 32: 18 Heritage Needham, J. (1971). Gvi
Page 33 and 34: A festival scene in Negombo. Sri La
Page 35 and 36: 22 Year 1953 1963 1971 1974 1981 19
Page 37 and 38: 24 the crude death rate will be clo
Page 39 and 40: 26 POPULATION PROFILE Population Da
Page 41 and 42: 28 Urban-Rural Distribution Urban g
Page 43 and 44: 30 Significant changes in urbanizat
Page 45 and 46: 32 Forecast of Households Projectio
Page 47 and 48: 34 Sector Urban Rural Estate All Se
Page 49 and 50: 36 MuO 16.5 Brick ar CaDook 52.3 Ce
Page 51 and 52: 38 Mo. of units (Thousands) 3000- 2
Page 53 and 54: Percentage The number of housing un
Page 55 and 56: 42 POPULATION PROFILE Rapid Urbaniz
Page 57 and 58: 44 POPULATION PROFILE Safe andiconv
Page 59 and 60: 46 POPULATION PROFILE Province/Dist
Page 61 and 62: 48 Sector 1. Agriculture hunting, f
Page 63 and 64:
50 200,000 new jobs were created fr
Page 65 and 66:
A typical small market serving Sri
Page 67 and 68:
54 Economies growth policies in Sri
Page 69 and 70:
56 Economies Rate of Growth of GDP
Page 71 and 72:
58 the reserved forest areas or fin
Page 73 and 74:
60 tion in the local market. Indust
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62 600 Economies Net Disbursement o
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64 200 150- 100 so- Export Trad« I
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66 Percentage 8 O '|l 4 0 - ^ 20- E
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68 resource management systems that
Page 83 and 84:
70 Victoria Dam on the Mahaweii Gan
Page 85 and 86:
72 Energy Resource Proportions of P
Page 87 and 88:
74 trast to an average GDP growth r
Page 89 and 90:
76 LP Gas 0.9» Energy Resource 198
Page 91 and 92:
78 600 500- 400- 300- 200- 100- (00
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80 250 200 150 100 50 ('000 M.T.O)
Page 95 and 96:
82 Energy Resource Distribution of
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84 Energy Resource ENERGY EFFICIENC
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86 Energy Resource I Biomass Fuel S
Page 101 and 102:
88 100 Thousand« Energy Resource R
Page 103 and 104:
90 Energy Resource The number of ve
Page 105 and 106:
Sources and Effects of Air Pollutio
Page 107 and 108:
94 Identifying economic costs Energ
Page 109 and 110:
96 Paddy cuKivation on 760,000 hect
Page 111 and 112:
98 A- SETTLEMENTS B-PADDY C-TEA D-
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100 4- Millions Land Livestock Popu
Page 115 and 116:
102 Land Debateson chena continue,
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104 Production. Tea production peak
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106 Land YIELD 4UOO 3000 2000' 1000
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108 tivity, changes in these inputs
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Red Yellow Podsolic & Reddish Brown
Page 125 and 126:
112 Land. Trends in Human Populatio
Page 127 and 128:
114 Land On average thegsrdens are
Page 129 and 130:
116 small holdings, minor export cr
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Land. Land degradation on steep slo
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120 (a) Mid-country Wet Zone (Perad
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f YEAR 1984 1984 1984 1984 1984 198
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124 Land Erosion and Accretion Alon
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126 Location and Name of river Kela
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128 Although erosion has received p
Page 143 and 144:
130 r Und Chena Cultivation With A
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132 Providing Resources Institution
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134 Perera, M.B.A. (1989). Planned
Page 149 and 150:
136 Land Sri Lanka's central hills
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138 Golle Water Resources Mean Annu
Page 153 and 154:
140 Basin No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8
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142 season (October-January). It re
Page 157 and 158:
144 River Kalu Ganga Kelani Ganga K
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146 does escape comes from the Wet
Page 161 and 162:
148 expansion will depend largely o
Page 163 and 164:
150 Water Resources Occurrence of Y
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152 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Water Resourc
Page 167 and 168:
154 Water Resources Need for waters
Page 169 and 170:
156 Clean surface water is essentia
Page 171 and 172:
158 Water Resources Profile of Wate
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160 Further, because the ocean outf
Page 175 and 176:
162 Water Resource* Sector Textile
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164 Natural Factors 700 -, 600 SOO
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166 An attempt is made here to proj
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168 Water Resources Water Pollution
Page 183 and 184:
170 Water Resources Parameter Disso
Page 185 and 186:
172 The Panadura-Bolgoda estuary, w
Page 187 and 188:
174 Water Resources • Discharge o
Page 189 and 190:
176 Industrial Waste Management Ind
Page 191 and 192:
178 Waste Reduction Technologies Fo
Page 193 and 194:
Small gem pits like this one produc
Page 195 and 196:
182 Kocnchikad« H> Gall« CC Oondr
Page 197 and 198:
184 water. The swirling motion duri
Page 199 and 200:
186 20 16- 10- Mineral Resources An
Page 201 and 202:
188 ure 8.7). The field study highl
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190 through careful planning, monit
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192 1200 Metric Tons Mineral Resour
Page 207 and 208:
194 Environmental Impacts At the Pu
Page 209 and 210:
This pinus is among tens of thousan
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198 80 60 - 40 r 20 ft of Land Natu
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200 Total Dry Forest Resources Dry
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202 300 250 - Low Yield 46% Forest
Page 217 and 218:
204 2500 Forest Resources Availabil
Page 219 and 220:
206 A more efficient, environmental
Page 221 and 222:
208 FOREST PLANTATIONS Historical D
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210 Forest Resources The Forestry D
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212 decades, forest plantations and
Page 227 and 228:
Wild elephants, estimated at about
Page 229 and 230:
216 Sri Lanka, like countries aroun
Page 231 and 232:
218 Biological Diversity Compositio
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220 Biological Diversity Distributi
Page 235 and 236:
222 were hitherto unknown to scienc
Page 237 and 238:
224 Biological Diversity 100 80- 60
Page 239 and 240:
226 - Faunal Groups Insects -• Cr
Page 241 and 242:
228 Satinwood Chloroxylon swietenia
Page 243 and 244:
230 Biological Diversity SINHARAJA
Page 245 and 246:
232. Other W R (WZ) 4.3* Other N F
Page 247 and 248:
234 Biological Diversity Strengthen
Page 249 and 250:
236 A typical fishing harbor along
Page 251 and 252:
238 Coastal Resources SIGNIFICANCE
Page 253 and 254:
240 150 - 100- 50- Coastal Resource
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242 000 MT 350- 300- 250- aoo- 150-
Page 257 and 258:
244 Coastal Resources KANOAKULIYA ,
Page 259 and 260:
246 Current Status of Marine Resour
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248 species of wrasses, 11 species
Page 263 and 264:
250 kilometer landwards from the me
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252 Dutch Canal, Mundal Lake and Pu
Page 267 and 268:
254 INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSES AND NEE
Page 269 and 270:
Among other valuable functions, wet
Page 271 and 272:
258 INLAND — AQUATIC RESOURCES SY
Page 273 and 274:
260 Inland Aquatic WETLAND FLOOD ST
Page 275 and 276:
262 Source: De Silva, 1988 Fishery
Page 277 and 278:
264 Although data concerning river
Page 279 and 280:
266 Inland Aquatic MIJTHÜRAJAWELA
Page 281 and 282:
268 shared, unambiguous responsibil
Page 283 and 284:
270 Environmentally sustainable dev
Page 285 and 286:
272 Poverty and certain cultural ha
Page 287 and 288:
274 country — coral reefs, wild e
Page 289 and 290:
276 Using scientific infónrotioff
Page 291 and 292:
278 effeaive against large commerci
Page 293 and 294:
280 To sustain a future population
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NATURAL RESOURCES OF SRI LANKA

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