Working Paper on Irrealis, Imperative Mode and Complementation ...

One gains only weariness from worrying about whether one’s past actions will be have this or
that consequence,
While everything that one hopes for can be attained by taking the son of Pandu as one’s
shelter and model.
Discussion:
*sa-*k-in-a-harӗp-ӗn TOT-UV1-UV2-hope for-IRR, where TOT = “totality”
“all that can be desired”,
I analyze this form as based first on a combianatoin of a prefix sa- that can either mean
“single” or mark a form modified with sa- as indicating a “totality” (see Zoetmulder 1983:
86-95). functions with the UV1 affix to form a secondary affix whose general meaning is “the
entirety [of x]”, so a hypothetical form *saka-harӗp might be glossed “all that one hopes”. 18
While the combination of ka- with –in- to form a secondary prefix kina- is by no means
uncommon, the OJED [594] does not give a vooice-marked form k-in-aharӗp corresponding
to a hypothetical irrealis form k-in-a-harӗp-ӗn. However, the presence of the irrealis marker –
ӗn is (in my reading) an indubitable sign of a UV2 marker ‘under erasure”. This suggests a
complex derivational pathway from ka-harӗp “wish, desire; that which is wished for” through
*sakaharӗp “all that one desires”, and finally arriving at the irrealis form sakaharӗpӗn, where
–ӗn tells us that the UV2 marker has been deleted under conditions of irrealis, and the
interpretation is: “all that can be desired”.
14) AW12.12 Muwah awuwus tikā sang inutus: "bapa kāsihana
anĕlanga śakti kīrti nira sang suranātha laki
pahayun ikang surālaya layanya magöng biṣama
kadi saphalanta tâśraya nika n saphala n tulungĕn"
The envoys then spoke again: “have pity, good sir,
And take over for a time, lad, the Power and glory of the king of the gods,
Bring back the beauty and prosperity of heaven, for its ravished state is terrible indeed,
It seems it would be only right to give your protection to that which deserves to be
assisted.” 19
Discussion:
ka-asih-an-a
18 At times sa- of OJ is used like sa- of Sanskrit, which is presumed to be prefixed form of saha, “with”, but in
OJ it is more commonly found as a prefix with “singular” or “collective” interpretation (eg. indicating a
“totality” of st.).
19 For some examples in this <strong>Working</strong> <strong>Paper</strong> I have changed translations that read more naturally in English to a
somewhat clumsy form in order to bring out particular aspects of syntactic or morphological structure.
T. Hunter, ISLOJ <strong>Working</strong> <strong>Paper</strong>, 29 May 09, page 20