Developing an environmental strategy for UK film - BFI

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Table 2: Population, Land Area and Economy Affected for a 1m Sea Level Rise Source: http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/population-area-and-economy-affected-by-a-1-m-sea-level-riseglobal-and-regional-estimates-based-on-today-s-situation Impacts of Climate Change: Extreme weather Evidence exists to suggest increased freak weather events are due to climate change. Where extreme weather events become more intense and/or more frequent, the economic and social costs of those events will increase, and these increases will be substantial in the areas most directly affected. The IPCC’s latest report predicted more intense tropical cyclones (typhoons and hurricanes), changes in wind, rain, and the frequency of storms. For example, hurricanes have grown in number and intensity by around 30% over the last decade. Hurricane Katrina, August 2005, killed hundreds of people and caused up to $30 billion in damages. Impacts of Climate Change: Fresh water resources Water is a resource that is already in short supply, especially in the South East. Water availability per person in England and Wales is already below that of most Mediterranean countries; in South East England water availability is less than that in Syria or Sudan. With demographic changes and the impacts of climate change increasingly being felt, the situation could become even more serious. The drought experienced in the South East during 2006 could become more frequent or alarmingly, an annual event. For example, even though autumn and winter 2006 were the wettest since 1914, the threat of water shortages this summer (2007) may seem unlikely, yet the temperature during April 2007 was a record high, and may yet result in water shortages throughout the summer. In the course of the century, water supplies stored in glaciers and snow cover are projected to decline, reducing water availability in regions supplied by meltwater from major mountain ranges, where more than one-sixth of the world population currently lives. It is estimated between 75 and 250 million people in Africa could face increased pressure on water resources as early as the 2020s, while rain-fed agriculture could have yields reduced by 50% in some countries. Appendix 2 lists additional impacts of climate change. Version 1.0 - 12 -
The Economics of Climate Change The Stern Review 8 , released in October 2006, investigated the economics of climate change, highlighting the economic pressures of a degraded environment. The Stern Review called for investment to combat, and action to reduce, climate change, which, if left unabated will affect the basic elements of life i.e. access to water, food production, health and the environment as well as rising water levels and altered weather patterns. The Stern Review concluded, if we do not act now the overall costs and risks of climate change will be equivalent to losing at least 5% minimum global GDP each year for the foreseen longterm and could possibly rise to 25% global GDP, however costs of action (i.e. reducing greenhouse gas emissions) can be limited to around 1% global GDP each year if the investment takes place in the next 10-20 years. The Stern Review highlights:- • Climate change as the greatest and widest ranging market failure ever seen • A 5-6°C warming risks abrupt and large-scale climate change which will equate to an average 5-10% loss in global GDP, with poor countries suffering costs in excess of 10% global GDP • The annual cost of stabilising greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at between 450 and 550ppm of CO2 is estimated to be around 1% of GDP in 2050. • The costs of mitigating climate change within the next 10-20 years, though significant, are manageable for the world’s economy • Each tonne of CO2 emitted causes damages worth $85 • A low carbon path could benefit the economy by ~$2.5 trillion • A CO2 level limit of 450-550ppm anything higher will produce very harmful impacts Climate change is with us, and will have an impact on many major aspects of working life. Implications for business: Climate change impacts spread from directly impacted areas and sectors to other areas and sectors through extensive and complex linkages 9 , therefore everyone will suffer the consequences. The UK faces the costs of dealing with the impacts of climate change through storm damage, the loss of valuable low-lying land, implementing protection measures like coastal defences, the loss in value of assets, increased insurance costs, massive urban re-organisation as populations in London and other low-lying areas are forced to relocate, diversion of resources to build flood defences and costs of managing accelerating immigration as populations are forced from their homes. Additionally, consumers could face higher and more volatile energy prices, international relationships with both consuming and producing nations on a wide range of issues may become more complex (if energy supply is used as a political lever) and the UK will be more vulnerable to the risk and impact of overseas disruptions to energy supplies in future, caused by international disputes, accidents or terrorism. 8 www.sternreview.org.uk was based on evidence from the IPCC Third Assessment Report 9 http://www.ipcc.ch/ Version 1.0 - 13 -
Page 1 and 2: DEVELOPING AN ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEG
Page 3 and 4: FIGURES AND TABLES Figures Figure 1
Page 5 and 6: estrictions on freedom of movement
Page 7 and 8: o Supplying environmental training
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Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 1: THE ENVIRONMENT Introduc
Page 13 and 14: Environment Society - 3 - Developin
Page 15 and 16: The Environment and the Film Indust
Page 17 and 18: of the inputs are provided from the
Page 19 and 20: Figure 5: Human Activities, the Cli
Page 21: Figure 7: London-on-Sea Source: Lon
Page 25 and 26: Renewable and non-renewable resourc
Page 27 and 28: Table 3: Selection of Products made
Page 29 and 30: The UK Government The UK Government
Page 31 and 32: internally or externally b) Dedicat
Page 33 and 34: The Climate Change Programme: The C
Page 35 and 36: • Enable powers to introduce new
Page 37 and 38: Batteries Directive: The Batteries
Page 39 and 40: The Energy White Paper is sure to i
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Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 3: THE FILM INDUSTRY During
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Page 49 and 50: emissions. Environmental Best Case
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Page 53 and 54: • Northern Media: Northern Media
Page 55 and 56: worked closely with the Scottish Bo
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Page 59 and 60: sustainable design for sport. CABE
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Page 65 and 66: as well as long term vision. Table
Page 67 and 68: published scientific literature thr
Page 69 and 70: Industry, settlement and society th
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