Development of Best Practices for Ship Recycling Processes

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onboard and on the severity each material as a pollutant. IMO has not put forward any categorisation of vessels based on presence of hazardous and other non eco- friendly materials onboard. The criteria and assessment of Green Safety Index for ships can be considered as the foundation of any rules and regulations to be framed in the future. Green Ship theme proposed by Brown [2010] is a conceptual development in this field. The Green Safety Index for ships has been defined based on the 4E’s, viz, Environment, Energy and Engineering and Ergonomics. The implementation of design for ship recycling, especially the recyclability analysis, helps the designer to know more about potential problems caused by various materials used onboard and due to the operationally generated waste. Other major concern in this area is pollution due to gas emissions from various onboard machinery systems. Reduction in the total pollution as well as safe handling of hazardous material will help supporting the ecological cause of sustainable development of international shipping sector. The Green Safety Index assessment involves collecting and compiling important information on onboard materials, equipment and systems. For assigning the Green Safety Index these information are processed by giving due weightage. Green Safety Index is similar to assigning a class notation by ship classification societies. However the assessment is based not purely on the provisions of the statutory regulations but based on the provision of additional features onboard to enhance the overall quality and performance which eventually support the cause of sustainable development. Some of the assessment values adopted for the indexing will have the potential of providing a scientific base for formulating ship recycling and other related rules and regulations in the future. 6.6.2 Necessity for Assigning Green Safety Index The stakeholders in ship recycling play active role in making the ship recycling activities into safe and environmental friendly engineering process. The ship owners are to be more aware of the potential threat from unscientific ship recycling in the way as it is practiced in some ship recycling yards. In order to make the owners feel the relevance of ship life cycle operations management oriented sustainable development the vessels owned by them should be assessed for various characteristics 138
of their vessel and a ‘ representative value’ such as Green Safety Index be assigned to them. It has become almost mandatory to classify all products available in the market according to its environmental impact. Governments are introducing mandatory environmental standards for various types of industrial and domestic products. ‘ECOMARK’ [1991] standard introduced by Government of India is one among these mandatory product classifications. ECOMARK is applied mainly to house hold products and commodities as potential health and environmental threats from some of the domestic products such as food and cosmetic items are reported. However ships and other marine structures so far have not been classified in this regard A definite need for the extension of ECOMARK to ship recycling processes has been felt and it has been proposed in this study for the government initiation in this regard. Considerable environmental impact is expected from massive industrial products, such as ships and other marine structures and the same is likely to grow in the coming years. The impact of these types of highly complex products may appear in the form air pollution due to NOx emissions from onboard machineries and systems, land pollution due to dismantling of the vessel in beaches, ecological imbalances due to ballast water operations, blow-up off oil well heads, oil spills due to vessel capsizing, collisions and failure of the hull girder. Apart from this the threats related large scale depletion of fossil fuels owing to use of inefficient power generation and other onboard systems is an area of concern. On the other hand occupational health and safety of construction workers, engineers, ship surveyors and crew members engaged in various life cycle stages owing to carcinogenic and toxic material exposure create another type of problems which hinders sustainable development prospects aims. Working in unsafe onboard locations and potential fire hazards are to be viewed as a part of the wide spread threat. Sustainable development of international shipping sector is detrimental even to the global sustainable development as the contribution from the shipping sector towards this is quite considerable. At the same time any positive move towards assigning a Green Safety Index for ships can be treated as a humble effort in the maritime sector. Any engineering activity to facilitate improved sustainable development in the marine sector will have more impact on certain global geographic locations like South Asia 139
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DEVELOPMENT OF BEST PRACTICES FOR S
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DECLARATION This is to certify that
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Research work lead
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ABSTRACT Ship recycling has been co
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ase and source of expertise require
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2.5.1 Engineering Perspective……
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5.6 Ship Dismantling Processes in B
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6.7.4 Product Standardisation……
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i LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 2
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Figure Title Page 5.18 Window Showi
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ABBREVATIONS ACGIH American Confere
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1.1 GENERAL CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
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final one is nothing but decay and
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CHAPTER 2 SHIP RECYCLING PROCESS 2.
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This will enable the ship owners to
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Fig. 2.4 Dismantling of Obsolete Sh
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Oil Insulation mixture Pumped out P
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2.4 SHIP RECYCLING PROCESSES IN VAR
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mechanism to manage ship recycling
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engineering philosophy which tries
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various types of waste oil pollutan
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destined towards the dismantling ya
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holders in global maritime industri
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2.5.4.4 Market Features of Recycled
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comprehensive ship recycle plan to
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Various options regarding recycling
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environmentally sound ship recyclin
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can be considered as a well focused
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egarding ship recycling in UK. Thes
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vessels, dismantling yards and proc
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Though ship recycling has been acce
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ii) Rules and regulations regarding
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approach tries to project demand ba
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CHAPTER 5 DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE
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The prime modules of an expert syst
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quality of knowledge representation
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okers are, just agents seen in thes
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system is not going to show remarka
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and lines of the system have been s
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Out of these types of expert system
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INPUT Fig. 5.3 Information Model of
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5.6.3 Mooring /Sliding /Securing Du
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Application of a proper marking pla
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out of the recycled products may ad
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These important operations involved
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Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Table 5.3 Ac
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Table 5.3 contd.. Sl. No Activity C
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Page 125 and 126: 5.7.3 Identification and Classifica
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Page 131 and 132: main web interface input screen of
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Page 139 and 140: Fig. 5.25 SRR Screen Showing Select
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Page 143 and 144: 2. Expenses for beaching the ship a
Page 145 and 146: Fig 5.32 Schematic Diagram of Funct
Page 147 and 148: 6.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 6 DESIGN F
Page 149 and 150: . Physical product features c. Life
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Page 163 and 164: stages of design. Functional and ec
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Page 175 and 176: 6.6.6 Maintenance of Green Safety I
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Page 179 and 180: 6.8 APPLICATIONS OF DESIGN FOR SHIP
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Page 183 and 184: 7.1 SUMMARY CHAPTER 7 SUMMARY AND C
Page 185 and 186: CUTTING PLAN has to be made a manda
Page 187: 7.4 SCOPE OF FUTURE WORK a) Develop
Page 190 and 191: 11. Cole, R. J Emerging trends in b
Page 192 and 193: 32. MARISEC (2001) International Ch
Page 195 and 196: APPENDIX 1 DETAILS OF DISMANTLING O
Page 197 and 198: A 1.4.2 Equipment and Manning Cutti
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TABLE - A.4.1 CONTD.. Tariff Manhou
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