ABSTRACTS - oia - Portland State University

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ASPAC Conference 2010 June 18 – 20, 2010 | Portland, OR regional level (IMT) after those bilateral FTA’s. It is important to identify the most appropriate way for generating trade and investment through AFTA and bilateral FTA’s. This paper adopts some macroeconomic variables which affect FDI. All of them have been examined by previous scholars. This paper will use Asian Development Bank statistics, World Bank database, WTO database, ASEAN Secretariat information and data, etc. The methodology is econometric analysis of time series (OLS, Original TSLS, TSLS-IV, and Group SURE & SEM) and Pooled Data Analysis. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Brad Washington Role of Sino-American 1+2+1 Dual Degree Programs in the Globalization of Higher Education There is a lack of understanding regarding the development and effectiveness of Sino-American 1 +2+ 1 dual degree programs. These programs offer undergraduate students from the People's Republic of China (PRC) residency and degrees from both a Chinese and United States (U.S.) university. Juan-Aradl (1989) and Labi (2009) review the initial development of dual degree programs among nations and universities in Europe. Data exists regarding the successes and challenges of dual degree graduate programs developed for multiple disciplines within an American university (Dewey, 1985; Gupta, 2006). Cushner and Karim (2004) analyze how course credit from study abroad programs contributes to the granting of a degree awarded by a student's home institution. However, opportunities exist to expand on literature that addresses the development and expansion of Sino-American dual degree programs. In order to further explore dual degree programs between American and Chinese institutions, this study will utilize a collective case study research model. It is not the intent of the study to claim the complexity of Sino-American dual degree programs can be determined within the framework of one study. Yet, the research will contribute to discussions of political engagement and social mobility regarding the globalization of higher education. The study will attempt to address the origin of Sino-American 1+2+1 dual degree programs and how these programs impact the globalization of participating universities in the U.S. and PRC. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Suwako Watanabe Context as a guiding resource in teaching Japanese conversation In this presentation, I will demonstrate problematic consequences of unrestricted oral production by showing examples of constructed discourse by learners, and suggest instructional strategies to guide learners in how to carryon a conversation in a pragmatically appropriate way. The role of pragmatic competence is undeniably important in conducting everyday interaction (Thomas 1982). People rely on pragmatic knowledge and sociocultural norms to carry out conversation as they maintain amicable relationships. Such pragmatic knowledge serves as a resource for speakers of the target language to conduct day-to-day routine tasks that involve verbal communication. And members of the target culture draw on various factors that are available in the surrounding context to build pragmatic and socio-cultural competence. Context embraces an innumerable number of clues that guide communicators in making sense out of an interlocutor's utterances. Christensen and Warnick (2003:74) emphasize the importance of contextualization in presenting dialogues. Context includes such elements as identity, role, and social status of participants (and relationships among them), shared background information, setting (formal vs. informal), purpose and time of communication. How is context integrated in oral exercises in textbooks? An examination of oral exercises in three Japanese textbooks shows that they lack contextualization. An explanation of a situation is sometimes provided, but these typically fail to identify who the interlocutor is, why the conversation is initiated, and when it is taking place. As a result, a student may produce an unnecessarily voluminous amount of speech without knowing what course the conversation should take. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 42
ASPAC Conference 2010 June 18 – 20, 2010 | Portland, OR Erin Watters The Global Citizen Workshop – US/Pakistan: A virtual exchange between American and Pakistani students The Study: In 2009, Minnehaha Elementary participated in a discovery of Pakistan with a group of students in Quetta. Even though due to regional armed conflicts in Pakistan it was impossible to complete the actual exchange with the group in Pakistan, the students in Vancouver, WA, were able to discover many things about Pakistani students that they had not heard on the news. The experience was a positive one for the students and we look forward to making more progress in exchanges with Pakistani students and other regions of the world. The Context: The Global Citizen Workshop is a month-long series of ½ hour lessons that include a virtual exchange between groups of youth from different regions of the globe. This exchange gives each youth an opportunity to build relationships and learn about a new culture. Participants develop a better understanding about their exchange partners and learn more than they could know of each other through the media or books. This workshop is developed with the intent to expand a culture of peace encouraging a continued exchange between participants, respect and hopefully lifelong friendships. This project also provided opportunities for college students to participate as mentors or facilitators for the youth, providing practice in facilitation, peace education and educational methods related to technology and linguistics. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Peipei Wei Finding Her "Mi" Hiding behind Fans and Screens--Through Textual Study of Kagero Nikki by Michitsuna's Mother In retrospect of literary history in Japan there are scattered periods where women's voices came to the forefront. Aristocratic women's nikki or diary writing practices in the tenth century of Heian Japan are among one of these periods. Heian nikki writers were already in a well-off social position or mi. However, the examination of the diary form reveals that high social status does not guarantee feelings of social and emotional security. This diary genre provides a legitimate medium for us to explore their hidden concerns and insecurities in a time when social norms prevented them from expressing these concerns publicly. By citing textual evidences from Kagero nikki written by Michitsuna's mother from three perspectives: self-awareness of her unsecure mi as well as aspiration to security; vulnerability of her mi; and the attempt of securing her mi through securing her position in marriage, I conclude that her mi concealed underneath layers of clothing, covering of fans and screens is actually an insecure one. Although the diary was full of her turmoil and her insecurities, voicing these concerns actually provided her with some validation and possibility of augmented her sense of security. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Albert Welter Chan Yulu (Zen Goroku) as a Means of Integration Across Culture: Reflections on the Fictional Background to Chan/Zen’s Encounter Dialogues Yulu/goroku (Dialogue Records or Records of Sayings), constitute one of Chan/Zen Buddhism’s original contributions to East Asian literature. The rise of Chan from an obscure movement to an officially recognized and dominant form of Buddhism in China provided the foundation for the dispersion of Chan throughout East Asia, Sŏn in Korea, Thiên in Vietnam, and Zen in Japan. As a result, the yulu literary style became an integrating component of East Asian Buddhist literature, and it became a normative practice to compile yulu collections of Chan masters in China, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. The present study is concerned with exploring the origins of the yulu genre, particularly as it relates to the employment of fictional and fictionalized elements in the creation of Chan identity. Important in this regard was the formation of encounter dialogues, the records of dharma-battles between and among Chan masters and monks over the true nature of spiritual awakening. Presented as eye witness accounts of the existential revelations of the mind-nature, these encounters were actually highly contrived and structured literary artifices parading as actual historical events, filtered through the skilful interpretation of sympathetic literati. Compilers of yulu did 43
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ABSTRACTS - oia - Portland State University

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