Civil-Military Relations and Democratic Control of the Security Sector

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G.S. Rakovsky Defense and Staff College Sofia, Bulgaria CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND DEMOCRATIC CONTROL OF THE SECURITY SECTOR A Handbook for Military Officers, Servicemen and Servicewomen of the Security and Intelligence Agencies, and for Civilian Politicians and Security Experts Plamen Pantev, Valeri Ratchev Todor Tagarev, Viara Zaprianova Edited by Plamen Pantev Sofia, 2005 Sponsored by United States Institute of Peace, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
Plamen Pantev, Valeri Ratchev, Todor Tagarev, and Viara Zaprianova, Civil-Military Relations and Democratic Control of the Security Sector. A Handbook, ed. Plamen Pantev (Sofia: Procon, 2005). Producers of the Handbook: Editing and Concept: Plamen Pantev Contributors: Plamen Pantev, Ph.D., Associate Professor in International Relations and International Law, Law School, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridsky.” Founder and Director of the Institute for Security and International Studies (ISIS), Sofia in 1994, www.isn.ethz.ch/isis ISIS is a member of the National Coalition of Non-Governmental Think-Tanks on the Reform of the Security Sector. He is Co-chair of the Study Group on Regional Stability in South East Europe of the PfP Consortium of Defense Academies and Security Studies Institutes and lectures at the Diplomatic Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria. He has lectured at the NATO Defense College, Rome, Henry L. Stimson Center, Washington, D.C., and the Diplomatic Academy in Vienna, Austria. Todor Tagarev, Ph.D., Associate Professor at Rakovsky Defense and Staff College and Senior Research Fellow at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and Senior Researcher of ISIS. He was the first Director of the Defense Planning Directorate of the Bulgarian Ministry of Defense since its establishment in early 1999. Since May 2001 until late 2001, he served as Director for Armaments Policy and National Armaments Director. He is Editor-in-Chief of Information & Security: An International Journal. Valeri Ratchev, Colonel, Deputy Commandant of Rakovsky Defense and Staff College, Head of the National Security and Defense Faculty at Rakovsky Defense and Staff College. He is a Senior Researcher at ISIS and has been member of the Secretariat of the PfP Consortium of Defense Academies and Security Studies Institutes. Viara Zaprianova, M.A., a Research Fellow and Assistant Professor in the National Security and Defense Faculty at Rakovsky Defense and Staff College since 2001. She received her Master’s Degree in Legal Studies from the New Bulgarian University in 2000 and focuses in her duties as a lecturer on constitutional, public and administrative law, as well as international humanitarian law and civil-military relations. © Plamen Pantev, Valeri Ratchev, Todor Tagarev, Viara Zaprianova Original version: English, Sofia, January 2005 Publisher: ProCon Ltd., Sofia, Bulgaria Cover design: Angel Nedelchev ISBN 954-90121-7-4 ii
Page 4 and 5: CONTENTS List of Figures vii List o
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 17 Democratic Control of th
Page 8: LIST OF FIGURES: Figure 1. Command
Page 12: ` Section One Conceptual Developmen
Page 15 and 16: 4 Conceptual Developments in the Se
Page 21 and 22: 10 Conceptual Developments in the S
Page 23 and 24: 12 Conceptual Developments in the S
Page 26: Section Two Conceptual Shifts in th
Page 29 and 30: 18 Conceptual Shifts in the Nationa
Page 36: Section Three Constitutional and Le
Page 39 and 40: 28 Constitutional and Legal Framewo
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42 Allied and other external requir
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44 Constitutional and Legal Framewo
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46 Infrastructure development prog
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The special cases as emergency, cri
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Democratic Control in Time of War a
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Democratic Control during the Fight
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Democratic Control during the Fight
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Definitions Democratic Control duri
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Democratic Control during Crises an
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Cyberspace and the Challenges to De
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International Peace and Humanitaria
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International Peace and Humanitaria
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Section Five Budgetary Control of t
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90 Budgetary Control provide outcom
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92 Budgetary Control of commercial
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94 Budgetary Control defense polici
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96 Budgetary Control Chapter 24 The
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98 National policy on arms transfer
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100 Arms brokering activities; Bud
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Section Six The People in the Secur
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106 The People in the Security Sect
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112 Recruitment The People in the S
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114 Effective use of resources. Th
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The present international system is
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International Instruments in the Pr
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International Instruments in the Pr
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The OSCE Code of Conduct actions. M
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The Evolution of Civil-Military Rel
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CONCLUSIONS This Handbook treats th
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UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE T
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