Accessing Asia 2012 - Clean Air Initiative

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transport and Electricity ELECTRICITY: CO 2 EMISSIONS CO 2 Emissions (from generation) per Source Type (2009) 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 24% 16% 112 million tons 0.55 0.64 Million Metric Tons 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1.37 ELECTRICITY: DRIVERS OF EMISSIONS TWh 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 NOTES: Total CO 2 emissions from generation and consumption Total CO2 from electricity generation Total CO2 from electricity consumption kgCO2 per kWh TCO2 per capita kgCO2 per GDP 2000 2009 60% Coal Oil Natural Gas Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Asia Average 2009: 0.50 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION 2.07 Asia Average 2009: 0.83 2000 2009 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Generation by Source Type (2009) NatGas NatGas 60% 60% Renewable Renewable Other Other 7% 7% 0% 0% Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Coal Coal 31% 31% Oil Oil 2% 2% 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 Sources: Malaysia Energy Information Hub Online Database; World Bank Development Indicators Emissions Profile: Malaysia Clean Air Asia. 2012. Emissions Profile: Malaysia. Pasig City. Philippines. For more information about Clean Air Asia, please visit www.cleanairasia.org For the data found in this report, please visit www.CitiesACT.org 105 TWh Industrial Industrial 43% 43% 1.53 2.08 Asia Average 2009: 0.90 2000 2009 Consumption by End-use Sector (2009) Other Other Other 2% 2% Transport Transport 0% 0% Residential Residential 21% 21% 91 TWh Commercia Commercia l 34% 34% 1. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this report do not imply any judgment or endorsement on the part of Clean Air Asia concerning the delimination or legal status of any territory or boundaries. In no event will Clean Air Asia be liable for any form of damage arising from the application or misapplication of this report. 2. Emissions from road transport sector were estimated using the Activity-Structure-Intensity-Fuel (ASIF) approach (adapted from Schipper and Marie 1999; Schipper, Gorham, and Marie, 2000). In this approach, road transport emissions are dependent on the level of transport activity (A); road transport mode structure (S); fuel intensity (I); and carbon content of fuel or emission factor (F). 3. Vehicle population numbers were estimated from Road Transport Department, Ministry of Transport. VKT information were estimated from various studies. 4. Fuel consumption data presented in this profile is based on activity data. 5. Data collected is from reported electricity generation and consumption. 6. Electricity generation is from fossil fuels and hydropower. Geothermal and wind power are not applicable. Combustible renewables (as biooil) and solar power are considered to be equal for a rough disaggregation. 7. Electricity consumption from other sectors includes public lighting, mining, agriculture, and miscellaneous.
ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transport and Electricity NEPAL Federal Democratic Democratic Republic of Nepal million tons Kathmandu Land area: 143351 km 2 Population: 30 million (2010) Urban population: 17%, 5 million (2010) Population with access to electricity: 44%, 13 million (2009) GDP (constant 2000 USD): 16 billion (2010) GDP per capita (constant 2000 USD): 524 (2010) ROAD TRANSPORT: EMISSIONS PER VEHICLE TYPE 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 Total CO 2 Emissions CO 2 Emissions By Type (2010) CO 2 per GDP & capita 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 3.0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 ROAD TRANSPORT: DRIVERS OF EMISSIONS vehicles (millions) 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 50% 8% 1% Vehicle Population and Motorization Index Fuel Consumption Vehicle Population Motorization Index 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 VKT by Mode (2002-2010) 2000 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2W 3W PC MUV Bus LCV HCV vehicles per 1000 people 1% 14% 22% ktoe 4% 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2W 3W PC MUV BUS LCV HCV tonsCO 2 per capita 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 2000 2004 2008 CO2 emissions per capita CO2 emissions per GDP 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 Gasoline Diesel LPG CNG Electric Emission Standards for New Light-Duty Vehicles Euro 3 Since 2012 Current Sulfur levels in Diesel (ppm) Not available Source: Clean Air Asia. Emissions Profile: Nepal Clean Air Asia. 2012. Emissions Profile: Nepal. Pasig City. Philippines. The Emissions Profile accompanies Accessing Asia: Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Indicators from Road Transport and Electricity.”AccessingAsia presents the first benchmark of air pollutant (as particulate matter, PM) and GHG (as CO2) emissions for 13 countries across Asia for road transport and electricity. Kg CO2 per US dollar at constant 2000 prices
Page 1 and 2: ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Gr
Page 3 and 4: million tons ACCESSING ASIA Air Pol
Page 9: ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Gr

Accessing Asia 2012 - Clean Air Initiative

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?