Accessing Asia 2012 - Clean Air Initiative

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transport and Electricity ELECTRICITY: CO 2 EMISSIONS CO 2 Emissions (from generation) per Source Type (2009) 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 3137 million tons 99% Coal Oil Natural Gas Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 0.85 0.83 Million Metric Tons 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Total CO2 from electricity generation Total CO2 from electricity consumption 0.95 ELECTRICITY: DRIVERS OF EMISSIONS TWh 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Total CO 2 emissions from generation and consumption kgCO2 per kWh TCO2 per capita kgCO2 per GDP Asia Average 2009: 0.50 2000 2009 2.32 2000 2009 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.97 2.33 Asia Average 2009: 0.83 Asia Average 2009: 0.90 Generation by Source Type (2009) Oil Oil NatGas NatGas 1% 1% 1% 1% Renewable Renewable 17% 17% Other Other 2% 2% Coal Coal 79% 79% 2000 2009 Consumption by End-use Sector (2009) Industrial Industrial 73% 73% Other Other 2% 2% Residential Residential Residential Transport Transport 12% 12% 2% 2% Sources: National Electric Power Industry Statistics Express 2005-2011; China Energy Group Databook 7.0.; China Statistic Yearbooks; World Bank Development Indicators. NOTES: 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION Emissions Profile: P.R. China Clean Air Asia. 2012. Emissions Profile: P.R. China. Pasig City. Philippines. For more information about Clean Air Asia, please visit www.cleanairasia.org For the data found in this report, please visit www.CitiesACT.org 3766 TWh 3705 TWh Commercia Commercia l 11% 11% 1. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this report do not imply any judgment or endorsement on the part of Clean Air Asia concerning the delimination or legal status of any territory or boundaries. In no event will Clean Air Asia be liable for any form of damage arising from the application or misapplication of this report. 2. Emissions from road transport sector were estimated using the Activity-Structure-Intensity-Fuel (ASIF) approach (adapted from Schipper and Marie 1999; Schipper, Gorham, and Marie, 2000). In this approach, road transport emissions are dependent on the level of transport activity (A); road transport mode structure (S); fuel intensity (I); and carbon content of fuel or emission factor (F). 3. Vehicle population numbers were collected from National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Environmental Protection. VKT information were estimated from city data (Vientiane). 4. Fuel consumption data presented in this profile is based on activity data. 5. Data collected is from reported electricity generation and consumption. 6. Electricity generation is from fossil fuels and hydropower. Geothermal, combustible renewables, wind power, and solar power are assumed to be equal for a rough disaggregation. The other source is from nuclear energy. 7. Electricity consumption from other sectors includes agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, water conservancy, and non-specified areas. Limited electricity consumption data was found for the commercial sector, transport sector, and own-use consumption.
ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Road Transport and Electricity SINGAPORE Republic of Singapore million tons Singapore Land area: 627 km 2 Population: 5 million (2010) Urban population: 100%, 5 million (2010) Population with access to electricity: 100%, 5 million (2009) GDP (constant 2000 USD): 165 billion (2010) GDP per capita (constant 2000 USD): 32111 (2010) ROAD TRANSPORT: EMISSIONS PER VEHICLE TYPE 10 8 6 4 2 0 Total CO 2 Emissions CO 2 Emissions By Type (2010) CO 2 per GDP & capita 6.4 6.6 6.6 7.6 8.1 8.3 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 ROAD TRANSPORT: DRIVERS OF EMISSIONS vehicles (millions) 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 31% 14% 11% Vehicle Population and Motorization Index Fuel Consumption Vehicle Population Motorization Index 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 VKT by Mode (2002-2010) 2000 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 190 185 180 175 170 165 160 2W 3W PC MUV Bus LCV HCV 1% vehicles per 1000 people 38% 5% ktoe 2W 3W PC 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 MUV BUS LCV HCV 500 0 tonsCO 2 per capita 1.75 1.70 1.65 1.60 1.55 1.50 2000 2004 2008 CO2 emissions per capita CO2 emissions per GDP 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Source: Clean Air Asia estimates, 2012 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Gasoline Diesel LPG CNG Electric Emission Standards for New Light-Duty Vehicles Gasoline Diesel Euro 2 Euro 4 Since 2001 Since 2006 Current Sulfur levels in Diesel (ppm) Since 2006 50 Source: Clean Air Asia. Emissions Profile: Singapore Clean Air Asia. 2012. Emissions Profile: S. Pasig City. Philippines. The Emissions Profile accompanies Accessing Asia: Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Indicators from Road Transport and Electricity.”AccessingAsia presents the first benchmark of air pollutant (as particulate matter, PM) and GHG (as CO2) emissions for 13 countries across Asia for road transport and electricity. KgCO2 per US dollar at constant 2000 prices
Page 1 and 2: ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Gr
Page 3 and 4: million tons ACCESSING ASIA Air Pol
Page 17: ACCESSING ASIA Air Pollution and Gr

Accessing Asia 2012 - Clean Air Initiative

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?