The Chemistry of Powder and Explosives - Sciencemadness Dot Org

CHLORATE AND PERCHLORATE EXPLOSIVES 365
Potassium perchlorate
Ammonium nitrate
Di- and trinitrotoluene, vegetable meal
Nitroglycerm
Heat of explosion, Cal /kg
Temperature of explosion
Velocity of detonation, m/sec.
Density of cartridge
Lead block expansion
Lead block crushing
PERKORONIT A
58
8
30
4
11700
3145.0°
5000 0
158
340 0 cc.
20 0 mm.
PEBKOBONIT B
59
10
31
11600
31150°
4400.0
152
330.0 cc
18 0 mm.
Potassium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate permissible
explosives, cooled by means of common salt, ammonium oxalate,
etc., and containing either ammonium nitrate or alkali metal
nitrate with or without nitroglycerin, are used in England,
Belgium, and elsewhere They possess no novel features beyond
the explosives already described. Explosives containing ammonium
perchlorate yield fumes which contain hydrogen chloride.
Potassium perchlorate produces potassium chloride.
Early in the history of these explosives the French Commission
des Substances Explosives published a report on two ammonium
perchlorate Cheddites. 45 The manufacture of these explosives,
Ammonium perchlorate
Sodium nitrate
Dinitrotoluene
Castor oil
however, was not approved for the reason that the use of castor
oil for phlegmatizing was found to be unnecessary. Number I
took fire easily and burned in an 18-mm. copper gutter at a rate
of 4 5 mm. per second, and produced a choking white smoke.
Cheddite 60, for comparison, burned irregularly in the copper
gutter, with a smoke which was generally black, at a rate of
0 4-0 5 mm. per second. Number II took fire only with the greatest
difficulty, and did not maintain its own combustion. The
maximum velocities of detonation in zinc tubes 20 mm. in diameter
were about 4020 meters per second for No. I and about
3360 for No. II.
45 Mem. poudres, 14, 206 (1907-1908).
I
82
13
5
II
50
30
15
5