UNIVERSITE DE BOURGOGNE THÈSE Yongbo LIU - Université de ...

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Jacques Caneill, Béryl Laitung, Valérie Le Corre, Bernard Nicolardot, Jean-Michel Thomas, Maurice Tremoy and many others. My special thanks also go to Alain Fleury who worked together with me in greenhouse and field, and Annick Matejicek who helped me in laboratory, Dominique Meunier, Florence Strbik and François Dugue who helped me in field experiments. I would like to thank Émilie Cadet, Gilles Louviot, Séverine Michel, Karelle Boucansaud, Arnaud Coffin, Hugues Busset, and many others for their support in manipulating experiments. I a ppreciate t he P hD or pos t-doctor r esearchers w ho w orked di ligently in B GA: Dominique J acquin, H elmut M eiss, R ichard G unton, Solène B ellanger, Delphine M ézière, Stéphane C ordeau, C écile P etit, Y ann T ricault, A ntoine G ardarin, A line B oursoult, Aimé Dongmo, Mélanie Le Guilloux, Young Jin Chun, Benjamin Borgy, Benjamin Gard, Coraline Caullet, Clément Tschudy and many others. I wish to express my gratitude to all my friends in France, Dr. Zhanwu Dai, Sebastien Guyot, Yacine M erabtine, C laire S imon, A nn-Katrin G embries, F anny Chouette, Hamidou Diallo, as well as Tianlu Zheng, Sailing Yuan, Rujin Zhang, Yuanyuan Luo, Huaiqian Li, Bin Fan, Xiangdong Meng, Ting Zhang, Yucong Duan, J iali Ruan, Beibei Qi, and many others who helped me i n s ome ex periments an d in m y daily life, making m y stay in France more colorful and wonderful. I appreciate Dominique Jacquin families who generously shared their farmland, time, and local knowledge. I am very grateful to the members of the Ma lab, Dr. Shouren Zhang, Dr. Kequan Pei, Dr. Mei Yu, Dr. Xiangcheng Mi, Dr. Yu Liang, Dr. Xiaojun Du, Dr. Haibao Ren, Dr. Li Zhu, Dr. Jiangshan Lai, Dr. Tiemei Chen, Hu Yuan, Shunzhong Wang, Yanhong Bin, Zhixi Tang, Kun Di, Baocheng Shen, Yingting Le, Jingjing Dong, Chaoyang Wu, Lei Lei, Pengfei Zhang, Qian Luo and many others for their assistance i n ex periments an d important discussions in ii
forming many of the ideas I present and constructive criticisms of the work in early and late stage. Many thanks go to my master supervisor Qibin Zhang who enrolled me as a master to start m y s tudy and ta ught me h ow to w rite E nglish a rticles. I a lso w ould l ike t o t hank t he members of the Zhang lab, Hongyan Qiu, Lixin Lv, Gaiai Guo, Caiyun Liu, Chunming Shi, Zongshan Li, Xiaochun Wang, Pei Xing and others for their help in my study. I am very grateful to my friends in China, Zhongkui Luo, Weiqing Wang, Zhenchang Liang, G uangkun Y in, Tingting M eng, J uan W ang, Fan Bai, J ianyin H u, C huanglong Li, Liyan Zhang, Jin Shi, Sha Chen, Feng Wang, Liang Chen, and Qinglu Yuan, Xijiang Ouyang, Yu Wei, as well as Xiaohong Yuan, Jianfen Li, Xiahui Peng, Yurong Wang, Yiping Fu, Kun Chen, Honghua Xiao, Ji She, Jiaoyan Zhu and many many others for their constant assistance in m y s tudy and d aily l ife. I’d l ike t o t hank J inlong Zhang, Lixin Lv and G uoke C hen i n dealing with many kinds of administrative issues for my studying aboard. The work presented here was financially supported by several projects of the Natural Science F oundation of C hina (grant no. 30970432 a nd 30670316 ) and b y a P hD j oint fellowship between China and France (CNOUS, No. 20072315). Finally, special thanks go t o my family: my dad Yunzhong Liu, my mom Guitao Yi, my ol d s isters Y anling Liu a nd Y anjiao Liu, m y l ittle br other X iaobo Liu, br others-in-law, nephews and nieces. My parents still work hard and save money on food and expenses for my study. Without your support, I could not have realized this goal. Thank you for the freedom to pursue my own path - such a rare luxury for poor families in the world. Thank you, thank you, thank you! Yongbo LIU 刘勇波 iii
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITE DE BOURGOGNE THÈSE Pour
Page 3: REMERCIEMENTS My heartfelt thanks g
Page 7 and 8: Abstract In the framework of commer
Page 9 and 10: 2.3 A rticle 2: Les r étrocroiseme
Page 11 and 12: Table 3.2. Parameters of linear reg
Page 13 and 14: experiment. BC1NS is separated into
Page 15 and 16: Fig. 4.7. Mean and standard error (
Page 17 and 18: INTRODUCTION GENERALE Dans le cadre
Page 19 and 20: chapitre 1 dressant l’état des c
Page 21 and 22: CHAPTER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE
Page 23 and 24: oilseed rape and B. oleracea is ver
Page 25 and 26: populations is reduced as the dista
Page 27 and 28: into hybrids would affect the morph
Page 29 and 30: Snow e t a l. ( 1999) f ound no f i
Page 31 and 32: 1.5 Consequences of introgression I
Page 33 and 34: more flowers and larger plant size
Page 35 and 36: Moreover, beside the introgression
Page 37 and 38: their parental plants. Moon et al.
Page 39 and 40: 2.1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 CONDITIO
Page 41 and 42: ARTICLE 1 The effect of seed size o
Page 43 and 44: plant growth was evaluated without
Page 45 and 46: These two experiments were kept wee
Page 47 and 48: interactions were found among the t
Page 49 and 50: 2006) or m ore f it t han their pa
Page 51 and 52: they b ear b eneficial t ransgenes
Page 53 and 54: Diggle PK, Abrahamson NJ, Baker RL
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Ramachandran S , B untin G D, A ll
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Table 2.2. F -values f rom a f ive-
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Days to flowering Biomass Per. of s
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2.3 Article 2: Les rétrocroisement
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Photo.2.3. S praying chlorsulfuron
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Introduction In t he f ramework o f
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eceived p ollens f rom wild B. j un
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Statistical analysis Mean values ar
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Characteristics of the backcrosses
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Table 2.7. Mean (±95% CL) of plant
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plants w ith B. napus morphology t
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Productivity of the resistant proge
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References [1] A .A. Snow, D .A. A
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insight into adaptive life-history
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CHAPTER 3 EFFETS DE LA RESISTANCE A
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3.2 A rticle 3 : S imulation d e l
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compétition et le devenir des popu
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difficult to predict. Similarly, it
Page 91 and 92:
Table 3.1: ANOVA results of the eff
Page 93 and 94:
Table 3.2: Parameters of linear reg
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herbivores than when exposed to Bt
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esistant hybrid populations might i
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Letourneau D .K., H agen J .A., 200
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Germination rate 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.
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3.3 Article 4: Compétition entre p
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Introduction The invasion of transg
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Whether a popul ation w ill e volve
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while ensuring that the same ratio
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silique number, seed number, seed w
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Our ga rden e xperiments s howed t
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experiment, harsh growth conditions
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References Agrawal AA. 2004. R esis
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density- dependent c osts of vi ral
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Table 3.5. F values of the analysis
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Table 3.7. Results of Helmert contr
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Fig. 3.4. Examples of experimental
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Flowering date Seed weight Biomass
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No. viable seeds Biomass 50000 4000
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Photo 3.3. Cotton bollworm (Helicov
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Introduction Spontaneous introgress
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screening as transgenic BC2 (trBC2)
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2002), but certain studies showed n
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Acknowledgements We t hank Z hixi T
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92, 368-374. Rieseberg, LH, and Bur
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Table 3.10. F-values of three-way A
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Seed number Biomass 140 120 100 80
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CHAPTER 4 RECHERCHE DES CONSEQUENCE
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Photo 4.1. Wild radish in a herbici
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Introduction Plant divergence is ge
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or t he popul ation of wild r adish
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estimated. All the seeds of every h
Page 157 and 158:
Field experiment Number of siliques
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aphanistrum from hybrids and R. sat
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competition diminished the differen
Page 163 and 164:
Conner, J. K., Rice A. M., Stewart
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Rattenbury J A. 1962. C yclic h ybr
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Fig. 4.1. Four r egions where w ild
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Fig. 4.3. Flower phot os showing pe
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Fig. 4.5. Plot of the first two axe
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Plant weight No. of seeds per plant
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Emergence rate Plant weight No.of a
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CONCLUSION 172
Page 179 and 180:
véritable s uccès ad aptatif d an
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Dans l e cas d es p remières gén
Page 183 and 184:
REFERENCES Abbott RJ, Comes HP.2007
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Bing D J, D owney R K and R akow G
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carinata and Brassica rapa. Plant B
Page 189 and 190:
Hybridisation within Brassica and a
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etween weedy Brassica rapa and oils
Page 193 and 194:
Hybridization between oilseed rape
Page 195 and 196:
Nosil P. 2008. Speciation with gene
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32:305-32 Schadler, M., R. Brandl,
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Thalmann C, Guadagnuolo R, Felber F
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Zheng XM and Ge S. 2010. Ecological
Page 203 and 204:
Therefore, after a review of the st
Page 205 and 206:
more easily sieved out by harvester
Page 207 and 208:
Transgenic F1 produced higher bioma
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