LEWIS SMITH LAKE - Auburn University

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Table 10-33. Mean (range) chloride, total organic carbon and phaeophytin-corrected chlorophyll!! concentration measured at each Smith Lake sampling station during the fall (September October) of 1995. Total Mainstem Chlorides Organic Carbon Chlorophyll a Station (mgIL) (mglL) (J.igIL) 1.97 3.60 3.90 (1.80-2.15) (3.36-3.85) (3.67-4.14) 5 1.53 3.42 2.94 (1.50-1.55) (3.04-3.80) (2.54-3.34) 7 1.45 4.25 3.00 (1.35-1.55) (3.47-5.03) (2.80-3.20) Embayment Stations 2 2.02 3.49 3.67 (1.95-2.10) (3.34-3.63) (3.60-3.74) 3 2.02 3.42 3.50 (2.00-2.05) (3.30-3.54) (3.14-3.87) 4 1.67 3.40 3.77 (1.65-1.70) (3.16-3.64) (3.47-4.07) 6 1.57 3.58 3.14 (1.50-1.65) (3.24-3.93) (2.67-3.60) 8 1.40 4.24 3.30 (1.35-1.45) (3.25-5.22) (3.00-3.60) 9 1.38 4.30 2.50 (1.30-1.45) (3.52-5.09) (2.20-2.80) 99
poultry production and was Alabama's leading beefcattle producer (USDA 1991). An estimated 94,000 tons of animal waste enters tributaries to Smith Lake each year; equivalent to the direct waste discharge of 1.15 million people (USDA 1991). Intensive studies offlowing portions ofRyan and Crooked creeks revealed excessive nutrient enrichment and biological degradation resulting from poor waste management on these watersheds (Deutsch et al. 1990). The elevated CI' and NO,·N concentrations in these embayments (stations 2 and 3) are likely related to animal waste produced on these watersheds. Station I, the dam forebay, is downstream from these tributaries (Fig. 10-1) and is no doubt influenced by flows from these two streams as well as from mainstem contributions. The relatively high seasonal mean CI' and NO,-N concentrations measured at mid reservoir station 5 (Fig. 10-1) may reflect the influence ofhousing development along the shoreline ofthe lake. Mainstem and tributary stations upstream of station 5 usually had Cl' and NO,·N concentrations lower than those measured at station 5. Septic systems oflakeshore homes are suspected ofreleasing domestic sewage or nutrients into the lake. Shallow soil depth to bedrock and steep slopes around the lake shore create problems for effective septic tank function (personal Communication, J. Frutiger, Cullman Co. Health Dept.). Continued housing development around the lake in the absence of community sewage treatroent facilities could hasten the cultural eutrophication ofSmith Lake. Concentrations of select metal ions were measured in photic zone composite samples collected 15 August 1995 at all sampling locations (Table 10-3 and Fig. 10-1). The following metals (detection limit) were not present at concentrations higher than instrument detection limits: aluminum (200 I"gIL), arsenic (10 I"gIL), cadmium (3 I"gIL), chromium (15 I"gIL), copper (20 I"gIL), mercury (0.5 I"gIL), nickel (20 I"gIL), selenium (10 I"gIL) and zinc (30 I"gIL). Iron (20 I"gIL) and manganese (20 I"gIL) were found at concentrations ranging from 31 to 76 I"gIL and 22 to 102 I"gIL, respectively. Highest concentrations ofboth metals were found in Brushy Creek embayment (station 8). 100
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LEWIS SMITH LAKE Phase I Diagnostic
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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January 1986 (Bayne et al. 1987). T
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Total alkalinity, the concentration
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found at concentrations ranging fro
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etween 10 and 15 mgIL as CaCO, but
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Table 1-1. Table 1-2. Table 2-1. Ta
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List ofTables (Continued) Table 10-
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List ofTables (Continued) Table 10-
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 8-I. Locatio
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PARTI. DIAGNOSTIC STIJDY 1
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Table I-I. Morphometric characteris
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2.0 BASIN GEOLOGY AND DRAINAGE Smit
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Table 2-1 (Cont'd) Suitability/Limi
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4.0 SIZE AND ECONOMIC STRUCTIJRE OF
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- U. II Table 4-2. Number ofbusines
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I, Table 4-4. Agricultural producti
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7.0 LAKE USE COMPARISON WIlli NEARB
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00 Table 8-1. Actual point source l
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N 0 Table 8-1 (Continued) Actual To
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N N Table 8-1 (Continued) Actual To
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Table 8-1 (Continued) Actual Total
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tv 0- Table 8-2 (Continued) Permitt
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Annual point source total suspended
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Table 9-1. Location oftributary sam
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nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, total a
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highly positively correlated (p < 0
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(31.4% and 30.5%, respectively). Ro
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In 1985, the paucity ofinfonnation
Page 76 and 77: population of 1.15 million. In addi
Page 78 and 79: V> tv Table 10-1. Schedule of activ
Page 80 and 81: ..,. en IN o 2 4 i Miles Figure 10-
Page 82 and 83: sample were poured into Nalgene"' c
Page 84: flows encountered in 1995,428 days.
Page 87 and 88: Table 10-6. Mean (range) temperatur
Page 89: Table 10-8. Mean (range) temperatur
Page 94 and 95: Examination oftemperature, DO and s
Page 96 and 97: Table 10-10. Mean (range) turbidity
Page 98 and 99: Table 10-12. Mean (range) turbidity
Page 100 and 101: Table 10-14. Mean (range) Secchi di
Page 102 and 103: Table 10-16. Mean (range) Secchi di
Page 105 and 106: a low of 7 mgIL to a high of67 mgIL
Page 107 and 108: Table 10-18. Mean (range) pH, total
Page 109 and 110: Table 10-20. Mean (range) pH, total
Page 111 and 112: Table 10·21. Ammonia, nitrite, nit
Page 113 and 114: Table 10-23. Mean (range) ammonia,
Page 115 and 116: in concert with changes in algal bi
Page 117 and 118: Table 10-25. Orthophosphate and tot
Page 119 and 120: Table 10-27. Mean (range) orthophos
Page 121 and 122: stratification (Fig. 10-2). During
Page 123: Table 10-30. Chloride, total organi
Page 128 and 129: In August 1986, iron and manganese
Page 130 and 131: 1971). Productivity measured during
Page 132 and 133: Table 10-36. Mean (range) phytoplan
Page 134: Table 10-38. Mean (range) phytoplan
Page 139: Table 10-39. Phytoplankton taxa by
Page 145: (station 2) in the winter to a high
Page 149 and 150: Table 10-41. Mean (range) phytoplan
Page 151 and 152: Table 10-42. Mean maximum dry weigh
Page 153 and 154: Table 10-43. Temporal and spatial v
Page 155 and 156: 11.0 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 11.1 Fish
Page 157 and 158: Table 11-1. Total number, catch per
Page 159 and 160: Table \\-3. Ranking by quality indi
Page 161 and 162: Table 11-5. Checklist of fish speci
Page 163 and 164: Table 11-5 (Continued) Scientific N
Page 165: 11.2 WILDLIFE A checklist ofbirds,
Page 169 and 170: Table 11-7 (Continued) Family Scien
Page 171 and 172: Table 11-7 (Continued) Family Scien
Page 174: Table 11-7 (Continued) Family Scien
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Table 11-7 (Continued) Family Scien
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Table 11-7 (Continued) Family Scien
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PART II. FEASffiILITY STUDY 154
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from Atlanta, Georgia received an a
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An additional source ofnutrients to
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Indirectly, low pH can result in hi
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13. Are there additional feasible a
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Bayne, D. R., W. C. Seesock, P. P.
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Taylor, W.D., S.c. Hem, L.R. Willia
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LEWIS SMITH LAKE - Auburn University

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