Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewables - Full Report - Eurelectric

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Fig. 16 Range in recent levelised cost of energy for selected commercially available RES technologies in comparison to recent non-renewable energy costs Source: International Panel on Climate Change 39 , 2011. Summary for Policymakers, p. 10. 3.5.4 Hydropower has the lowest carbon footprint and is the most climate friendly electricity generating technology. As illustrated in the recently published Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, hydropower also demonstrates the best performances when it comes to GHG emissions measured on a life-cycle basis. Figure 17 shows CO 2 emission for a broad category of generating technologies. 39 Special Report Renewable Energy Sources; Summary for Policymakers; http://srren.ipcc- wg3.de/report/IPCC_SRREN_SPM; p.10 44
Fig. 17 Greenhouse Gas Emissions per Electricity Generation Technology (Life-Cycle Analysis) Source: IPCC. 2011. Summary for Policymakers, p. 17 These results indicate that hydropower can make a significant contribution in addressing one of our centuries most important environmental changes: mitigating climate change thanks to its low GHG emissions profile. 45
Page 1 and 2: Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewable
Page 3 and 4: The Union of the Electricity Indust
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..
Page 7 and 8: 1. INTRODUCTION Hydropower is a mat
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 3 outlines the basic charac
Page 11 and 12: Actual generation in 2009, TWh 140
Page 13 and 14: Currently installed pumped storage
Page 15 and 16: 2.3. Pumped storage as the battery
Page 17 and 18: GWh 10000 1000 100 10 1 1 2 4 6 7 8
Page 19 and 20: limited capacities and are often di
Page 21 and 22: of this chapter, make this work wor
Page 23 and 24: output increases every morning and
Page 25 and 26: plants are designed to use either a
Page 27 and 28: There are two types of storage hydr
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 13 Illustration of the operati
Page 31 and 32: Pumped storage facilities work as a
Page 33 and 34: Table 4 highlights some advantages
Page 35 and 36: the NORDEL system and to connection
Page 37 and 38: - controlling reactive power motion
Page 39 and 40: Even though the permit process fore
Page 41 and 42: over 50 valleys along the west coas
Page 43: Fig. 15: Hydropower in the power ge
Page 47 and 48: BOX 1 - FRANCE - A HYDROPOWER PROJE
Page 49 and 50: The long life span of a hydro plant
Page 51 and 52: Plans (NREAPs), drawn by the member
Page 53 and 54: and for the development of strategi
Page 55 and 56: o share existing communication mate
Page 57 and 58: As a mature technology, pumped stor
Page 59 and 60: 5. Hydropower is the only large-sca
Page 61 and 62: More must be done NOW to fully expl
Page 63 and 64: Glossary Ancillary services Service
Page 65 and 66: Annex 1 Methodological consideratio

Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewables - Full Report - Eurelectric

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