Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewables - Full Report - Eurelectric

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ANNEX References 1. Campaign for Daylight (2009). Peak Demand Energy supply in the UK. Available online at http://www.campaignfordaylight.org/ocportal/site/index.php?page=energyusage&ke ep_has_js=1 2. Danish Hydraulic Institute, (2005). EU Water Framework Directive as “IWRM in the North ?” Presentation given at the World Water Week in Stockholm by Henrik Larsen, Head of Water Resources management. 3. Energy Policy (2002), Special issue of Energy Policy. No. 30, Elsevier Journal. 4. EURELECTRIC & VGB (2011b). The role of supply side flexibility. Study presented at EURELECTRIC Workshop, 9 February 2011 5. EURELECTRIC (2010). Power Statistics – Full Report 6. EUROSTAT (2011). Electrical capacity, main activity producers – Pumped Hydro. Available online at http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/setupModifyTableLayout.do 7. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2000a). Principle of a Hydropower plant 8. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2000b). Hydropower and the Environment: Present Context and Guidelines for Future Action, Volume II Main Report 9. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2008). Renewables and Waste in IEA Europe in 2008. Available online at http://www.iea.org/stats/renewdata.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=18 10. République Française (2009). National Action Plan for the Promotion of Renewable Energies 2009-2020. Available online at http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platform/doc/national_ renewable_energy_action_plan_france_en.pdf 11. Schluchseewek AG (2011). Pumpspeicherkraftwerk Atdorf. Available online at http://www.schluchseewerk.de/ 12. UCTE (2007) Final Report – System Disturbance on 4 November 2006 13. VGB Powertech (2010). Facts and Figures – Electricity Generation 2010/2011. Available online at http://www.vgb.org/ 14. World Atlas Industry Guide (2010). International Journal on Hydropower and Dams. European Union Sources 15. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (Water Framework Directive) 16. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy. 17. Directive 2007/60/EC on assessment and management of flood risks 18. Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending, and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC 19. Working Document on Natura 2000. 62
Glossary Ancillary services Services required by the transmission or distribution system operator to enable them to maintain the integrity and stability of the transmission or distribution system as well as the power quality Base Load In a demand sense, the amount of power that varies only slightly over a time period. In a supply sense, a plant that operates at a constant level of generation Black start capability The capability of a generating unit to start up without an external power supply, called on as a means of restoring supplies following a major failure on all or part of the network. This service allows system operators to provide auxiliary power to more complex generation sources that could take hours or even days to restart. Black-out A short or long-term loss of electric power to an area Capacity factor Measure of productivity, the ratio of the actual output of a power plant over a period of time and its potential output if it had operated at full capacity the entire time CCGT Combined cycle gas turbine CO2 Energy conversion rate Energy payback ratio Carbon dioxide, greenhouse gas, product of fossil fuel combustion Refers to the number of manipulations required until a primary natural resource, such as coal, is transformed into electricity The energy produced during the normal life span of a power plant divided by the energy required to build, maintain and fuel the generating equipment ENTSO-E European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity EU European Union Frequency One of the key parameters for control of an electric transmission network; characterized by the balance between electricity generation and demand, on one hand, and by the control of the electricity network by appropriate technologies such as pumped storage hydropower plants, on the other FRMP Flood Risk Management Plan GHG Greenhouse gas Grid Network of transmission and distribution lines carrying electricity from sources of generation to consumers GW (gigawatt) Unit of power equal to one billion of watts GWh hour) (gigawatt Unit of energy equal to the use of one billion watts for one hour Head In a run-of-river hydropower plant the vertical height of water reservoir located above the turbine HPP Hydropower plant HVDC high voltage direct current 63
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Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewable
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The Union of the Electricity Indust
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION..
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1. INTRODUCTION Hydropower is a mat
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Chapter 3 outlines the basic charac
Page 11 and 12: Actual generation in 2009, TWh 140
Page 13 and 14: Currently installed pumped storage
Page 15 and 16: 2.3. Pumped storage as the battery
Page 17 and 18: GWh 10000 1000 100 10 1 1 2 4 6 7 8
Page 19 and 20: limited capacities and are often di
Page 21 and 22: of this chapter, make this work wor
Page 23 and 24: output increases every morning and
Page 25 and 26: plants are designed to use either a
Page 27 and 28: There are two types of storage hydr
Page 29 and 30: Fig. 13 Illustration of the operati
Page 31 and 32: Pumped storage facilities work as a
Page 33 and 34: Table 4 highlights some advantages
Page 35 and 36: the NORDEL system and to connection
Page 37 and 38: - controlling reactive power motion
Page 39 and 40: Even though the permit process fore
Page 41 and 42: over 50 valleys along the west coas
Page 43 and 44: Fig. 15: Hydropower in the power ge
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 17 Greenhouse Gas Emissions pe
Page 47 and 48: BOX 1 - FRANCE - A HYDROPOWER PROJE
Page 49 and 50: The long life span of a hydro plant
Page 51 and 52: Plans (NREAPs), drawn by the member
Page 53 and 54: and for the development of strategi
Page 55 and 56: o share existing communication mate
Page 57 and 58: As a mature technology, pumped stor
Page 59 and 60: 5. Hydropower is the only large-sca
Page 61: More must be done NOW to fully expl
Page 65 and 66: Annex 1 Methodological consideratio
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