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1 introduction Terhi Laaksonen, Senior Veterinary Officer, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, MMM Food borne infections caused by Salmonella bacteria continuously present a significant economic and national health problem throughout the world. By international estimates, the situation in Finland is particularly good. The country has invested in preventing Salmonella among production animals, and subsequently in feeds, and for decades the occurrence of Salmonella in foods of animal origin has been low. The National Salmonella Control Programme covers poultry, pigs and cattle, and meat and eggs from these. This programme has been in effect since 1995 and reached 10 years of age in 2004. Salmonella legislation by the European Union has developed significantly in recent years. Current efforts are aimed at revising the national control programme in accordance with requirements of new EC legislation. This publication is a compilation of results obtained during the decade the programme has been in operation. Besides celebrating the ten-year span of the programme, the purpose of the publication also is to bring together accumulated experiences as a basis for assessing the programme, which is required for its improvement. Salmonella prevention requires co-operation among several fields. Actions are necessary in areas involving the control and research of health care, food production, feedstuff production and veterinary medicine. In addition to surveying the Salmonella control programme, the authors of the publication also wish to account for other activities pertaining to Salmonella prevention and thus produce a more comprehensive overall picture. In Finland, Salmonella prevention has been found cost-efficient. Prevention demands ample resources, though. The authors of this publication particularly wish to express their gratitude to all municipal veterinarians, inspection veterinarians, feed and food supervisors, laboratory personnel, health-care workers, food-chain operators and all the other parties in the field, whose daily work efforts have made efficient Salmonella prevention possible. Salmonella control and occurence of Salmonella from 1995 to 2004
Salmonella control and occurence of Salmonella from 1995 to 2004 2 National Salmonella control programme Senior Veterinary Officer Terhi Laaksonen, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, veterinarian Henry Kuronen, senior officer Anna Huttunen, senior officer Mika Varjonen, senior food control officer Mari Laihonen, <strong>Evira</strong> 2.1 Legislation The Finnish National Salmonella Control Programme has been applied since 1995. This programme was approved by decision 94/968/EC of the EU Commission and covers poultry, swine and cattle, and meat and eggs from these. The control programme has the objective of protecting consumers against Salmonella infections spread by foods of animal origin. The aim of the continuous programme is to keep the occurrence of Salmonella in production animals and food originating from these below 1%. Under the control programme, the occurence of Salmonella at production farms, hatcheries, slaughterhouses and meat cutting facilities is regularly examined. Continuous control is applied to detect occurrences of Salmonella in advance in foodstuffs of animal origin appearing on markets and for consumption. Detection of Salmonella will always invoke legal actions to prevent the spread of diseases and to clarify the origin of contaminations. The programme covers all the various Salmonella serotypes, and actions required are always same regardless of which serotype of Salmonella is detected. Requirements on the control of Salmonella in cattle and swine have been issued in Decision 23/EEO/1995 by the Veterinary and Food Department at the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Requirements on poultry were issued in decisions 19/EEO/1995, 20/EEO/1995 and 21/EEO/1995. These decisions were amended in 2001 and then they were replaced by Decrees 23/EEO/2001 (on the control of Salmonella in broilers and turkeys) and 24/EEO/2001 (on the control of Salmonella in hens) by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Requiremets on controlling Salmonella in slaughterhouses and cutting plants were issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in decision 8/EEO/1995. The decision was replaced in 2001 by Decree 20/EEO/2001 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Throughout the time it has been in effect, the National Salmonella Control Programme has largely remained unchanged. Modifications effected to the requirements have mainly involved the fine-tuning of details to make them more efficient in practice. Planning for the reformulating of the control programme began in 2005. A basis for changing the programme was to comply with requirements in the new EU Regulation 2160/2003 on zoonotic agents, but the primary objective for the renewal was to make the programme still more functional. For poultry, the new control programme is planned to begin from 2007 and for cattle and swine a few years later.
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Faagityypit / phagetype National Sa
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Feedstuffs Seeds of grains and prod
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Feedstuff Serotypes isolated from f
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Feedstuff Serotypes isolated from f
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Pet animal serotypes isolated from
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Feedstuff Seeds of grains and produ
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Feedstuff Feed volume, mil. kg 1) C
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Serotypes isolated from animals oth
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APPENDIX 13 Phagetype 1995 1996 199
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Salmonella isolates from imported f
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Epidemics caused by various Salmone
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Descriptions of Salmonella epidemic
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APPENDIX 18 Council directive 94/65
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