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the latter two was concentrated in the first years of the survey period (Appendix
7). However, S. Havana was found in all the years of the period.
For feedstuffs of vegetable as well as animal origin, the proportion of Salmonellacontaminated
feed as a percentage of the total volumes of domestic feed produce
has remained below 0.1 % and for feed mixtures considerably lower than this
(Appendix 8). In Appendices 9 and 10, the same matter is reviewed for imported
feeds, albeit so that the relative percentage of Salmonella-contaminated feed has
been calculated on imported amounts targeted by control inspections.
4.4 Deliberation
Strict control of imported feedstuffs, i.e., of raw materials imported from third
as well as EU countries for use in feedstuffs, has been found the most efficient
means to restrict the spread of Salmonella to factories and farms. Official control
by national legislation can be targeted on each batch of the raw materials
of vegetable origin that carry Salmonella risks. Liabilities included in legislation
concerning compensation for damages as a consequece of Salmonella in feeds
have, for their part, promoted the desire of importers and feed manufacturers to
develop their activities. The feed industry has also developed self-control systems
to eliminate Salmonella hazards from feed chains. Later in the 90s, a requirement
for self-control systems was added to the national legislation. It has become a
rare incident to find Salmonella in feed-factory processes.
The latest Salmonella epidemic involving feedstuffs for animals in food production
occurred in 1995, when over one hundred farms were contaminated by
feed mixtures containing Salmonella from one feed factory, but after successful
decontamination procedures the farms were disinfected from Salmonella.
The self-control systems established by factories, and their self-control laboratories,
found about half of all the Salmonella-contaminated control samples, which
were regularly taken either by the authorities or through voluntary self-control.
The number of self-control systems among manufacturers of production-animal
feed increased in 1995 to cover almost all manufacturers, and these systems
were further developed in 1996 to 1999.
Most Salmonella found in 1995 to 2004 were from raw materials, from which
they can be eliminated by heating prior to use in feed mixtures and pet-animal
products for the market. Therefore, these have not been found to cause Salmonella
problems in the food chain.
Salmonella control and occurence of Salmonella from 1995 to 2004