Water Protection Activities in Washtenaw County

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Well restricted areas or well first areas can be implemented to assure that new wells are not affected by contamination plumes associated with some Part 201 sites. Creating these prohibition zones is one way to limit the exposure pathways. The well prohibition areas in Washtenaw County are shown on Map 2. By the end of 2008, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality is projected to deplete the $1.3 billion raised in two bond issues approved by voters in the last 20 years, which fund the Part 201 contaminated site cleanup and response activities. Unless a new source of funding is made available, the cleanup and response efforts at existing Part 201 contamination sites are in jeopardy of being phased out. Next Steps: Depleted funding jeopardizes the groundwater in Washtenaw County and elsewhere. Steps should be taken to secure the future funding for Part 201 response activities. Figure 3: Armen Cleaners Response - Soil Sampling 20 Part 201 Response Example: Armen Cleaners Armen Cleaners is an Ann Arbor based dry-cleaning company that has been providing services in Ann Arbor since the 1950’s. Historic on-site disposal of perchloroethylene (PERC) lead to it becoming a Part 201 site. Their main location in downtown Ann Arbor has a plume of PERC that results from the prior releases of the contaminant onsite. While research conducted by the EPA in conjunction with State and local government suggests that indoor air quality is the primary challenge faced by the Armen PERC plume, this site is a noteworthy example of the level of attention and site evaluation that has been conducted with areas of known or perceived contamination. Washtenaw County partnered with the City of Ann Arbor, the State of Michigan, and the EPA to collect data and conduct research regarding the possible exposure pathways associated with Armen Cleaner’s PERC plume. The results of this evaluation determined that there is minimal immediate risk posed by the groundwater contamination. In September 2005, the MDEQ authorized $525,000 to address contamination from the dry cleaning operation at Armen Cleaners. This money is part of a $3 million appropriation for work at this site.
Challenge # 5: Landfills The rules and regulations that control solid waste management in the State of Michigan are outlined in Part 115 of NREPA, which creates a permitting system for the operation of landfills. In 2004, Part 115 was amended to prohibit the disposal of certain kinds of waste in landfills. Items currently prohibited from disposal include: medical waste, beverage containers, used oil, lead-acid batteries, yard clippings, low level radioactive waste, hazardous waste, liquid waste, sewage, asbestos, and PCBs. There is only one operational Part 115 landfill in Washtenaw County, the Veolia ES (formerly ONYX) Arbor Hills solid waste landfill in Salem Township. The City of Ann Arbor operated a landfill that has since been closed (see Landfill Response Example). Other noteworthy closed municipal landfills in Washtenaw County include the City of Chelsea landfill in Lyndon Township, the Arkona Road landfill in Augusta Township, and the City of Plymouth landfill in Salem Township. What protection activities address the challenge of landfills? Well Regulation Wellhead Protection Solid Waste Plan Home Toxics Program Landfill Response Objective: Minimize the potential for the contamination of groundwater resulting from landfill seepage and disposal of waste. 21 Figure 4: City of Ann Arbor Landfill Source:http://www.a2gov.org/PublicServices/FieldOperations/SolidWaste/education/rrc/rrc.html; May 2005 Landfill Response Assessment: The County Well Regulation requires that permits be acquired for the installation of new groundwater wells and that the wells must not be located within a distance of 800 feet from landfills. Wellhead protection allows municipal jurisdiction to control land uses within the land area that contributes to a public water supply. Land uses like waste disposal facilities and other industrial uses can be restricted in such areas. All eight (8) municipal water supplies in Washtenaw County have designated wellhead protection or source water protection areas.
Page 1 and 2: Water Protection Activities in Wash
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements Water Protection A
Page 5 and 6: Executive Summary Introduction The
Page 7 and 8: Local Water Quality Information The
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page # Se
Page 11 and 12: MAPS, FIGURES, AND TABLES Map # Tit
Page 13 and 14: 1.0 Introduction Background In Sept
Page 15 and 16: 2.0 Groundwater Groundwater is a vi
Page 17 and 18: 2.1 Conditions and Trends The prima
Page 19 and 20: 2.2 Groundwater Protection Activiti
Page 21 and 22: Activity #5 Wellhead Protection Cle
Page 23 and 24: Activity #8 Groundwater Withdrawal
Page 25 and 26: 2.3 Groundwater Challenges and Resp
Page 27 and 28: Map 5: Groundwater Arsenic Distribu
Page 29 and 30: Map 6: Groundwater Nitrate Distribu
Page 31: Challenge # 4: Part 201 Sites Part
Page 35 and 36: Challenge # 6: Leaking Underground
Page 37 and 38: Gelman Sciences Inc. 1,4-dioxane Re
Page 39 and 40: 2.4 Groundwater Organizations Leade
Page 41 and 42: 3.0 Surface Water Surface water is
Page 43 and 44: Table 2: Michigan’s Designated Us
Page 45 and 46: Table 3: Total Maximum Daily Load S
Page 47 and 48: ● CWA Section 319 Grants - Sectio
Page 49 and 50: Activity #12 Michigan Drain Code Mo
Page 51 and 52: Activity #13 Inland Lake Level Act
Page 53 and 54: Table 4: BMP Examples (Continued) P
Page 55 and 56: Public Beaches Tested in Washtenaw
Page 57 and 58: 3.3 Challenges and Responses Surfac
Page 59 and 60: The Rules of the Washtenaw County D
Page 61 and 62: Rain gardens have been installed on
Page 63 and 64: The Community Partners for Clean St
Page 65 and 66: Most, if not all, of the local unit
Page 67 and 68: Watershed Management Plans outline
Page 69 and 70: Challenge # 15 Point Source Dischar
Page 71 and 72: Challenge # 16 Community Wastewater
Page 73 and 74: ● Home Toxics Reduction Program
Page 75 and 76: 3.5 Local Tools There are many ordi
Page 77 and 78: APPENDIX A: Local Unit of Governmen
Page 79 and 80: NPDES Poi int Source Disccharge Per
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CCR Table continued 71
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A2: Augusta Township Challenging gr
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A4: Dexter Township As determined f
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A6: Lima Township Obtaining adequat
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A8: Lyndon Township The geology of
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A10: Northfield Township Aquifers y
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A12: Salem Township Dry holes have
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A14: Scio Township The glacial geol
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APPENDIX B: Watershed Plans and Bes
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B2 - Plan 2: Huron Chain of Lakes W
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B3 Map: 133 B4 Map:
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B5 - Plan 5: Middle One Rouge River
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B6 - Plan 6: Lower One Rouge River
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B8 - Plan 8: Stony Creek Watershed
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B9: Comprehensive Best Management P
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Watershed Plan BMP Title BMP Descri
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APPENDIX C: Acronyms and Abbreviati
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printed on recycled paper July 2008
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Water Protection Activities in Washtenaw County

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