Water Protection Activities in Washtenaw County

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Other sites of 1,4-dioxane groundwater contamination in Washtenaw County include the North Staebler Road Site and the City of Ann Arbor landfill. Surface Water Surface water is subject to contamination from a variety of sources such as humans, wildlife, permitted and non-permitted discharges, soil erosion, and pesticide and fertilizer runoff. Making an assessment of the quality of the surface water in Washtenaw County is limited due to the lack of monitoring data for most of the waters of the County, the variability of water quality at any given time, and the vast area surface water covers in the County. Twenty segments of waterways or entire waterways have been identified as failing to meet water quality standards established by MDEQ and the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These range from bacterial counts in stretches of the Huron and Saline Rivers to high phosphorus in Ford Lake. In addition, PCB, Mercury, low dissolved oxygen, and low levels of fish and macroinvetebrates have all been identified in waters of the County. For the most part, surface water contamination in the County is not the result of point source discharges, but rather from runoff. The largest contributor to runoff is land development and land change activities. As more impervious surfaces are built, uncontrolled water runs off at an increased rate and results bacterial, chemical and physical contaminants entering rivers, lakes and streams. This increased rate of runoff also contributes to soil and bank erosion. These findings are not surprising and are typical of urban watersheds. vi Programs, organizations, and volunteers have worked together to develop watershed plans to prevent water pollution and remediate water quality problems. A summary of Best Management Practices (BMPs) identified in Washtenaw County watershed plans is included in this report. These BMPs have been incorporated in many of the land use regulations adopted locally. Other regulatory efforts designed to address surface water quality include: ● The Michigan Drain Code and Washtenaw County Drain Commissioner’s Stormwater System Design Standards ● Clean Water Act ● Inland Lake Level Act ● National Pollution Discharge Elimination Permits ● Beach Monitoring Additionally, public information and stewardship programs have been utilized as a means to involve the public in projects focused on prevention, preservation and restoration of surface waters in the county. Programs aimed at protecting and improving the surface waters of Washtenaw County include: ● Community Partners for Clean Streams ● Watershed Management Planning ● Water Quality Stewardship Program ● Watershed Council Programs (including Adopt-a- Stream) ● Riversafe Homes
Local Water Quality Information The report contains a section that provides general water quality information within political boundaries. This information includes: ● Geological groundwater formations ● Drinking water information, including sources of drinking water and water testing results ● Major surface water features ● Potential sources of water contamination within local government boundaries, such as: ○ National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permits ○ Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Sites ○ Aboveground Storage Tank (AST) Sites ○ Leaking underground Storage Tank (LUST) Sites ○ Oil and Gas Sites (Public Act 451 – Part 615) ○ Sites of Known Environmental Contamination (Public Act 451 – Part 201) ○ Solid and Hazardous Waste Sites Residents can use this section of the report to review the characteristics that comprise their local groundwater and surface water, and to determine the location of potential contamination sources in their area. vii
Page 1 and 2: Water Protection Activities in Wash
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements Water Protection A
Page 5: Executive Summary Introduction The
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page # Se
Page 11 and 12: MAPS, FIGURES, AND TABLES Map # Tit
Page 13 and 14: 1.0 Introduction Background In Sept
Page 15 and 16: 2.0 Groundwater Groundwater is a vi
Page 17 and 18: 2.1 Conditions and Trends The prima
Page 19 and 20: 2.2 Groundwater Protection Activiti
Page 21 and 22: Activity #5 Wellhead Protection Cle
Page 23 and 24: Activity #8 Groundwater Withdrawal
Page 25 and 26: 2.3 Groundwater Challenges and Resp
Page 27 and 28: Map 5: Groundwater Arsenic Distribu
Page 29 and 30: Map 6: Groundwater Nitrate Distribu
Page 31 and 32: Challenge # 4: Part 201 Sites Part
Page 33 and 34: Challenge # 5: Landfills The rules
Page 35 and 36: Challenge # 6: Leaking Underground
Page 37 and 38: Gelman Sciences Inc. 1,4-dioxane Re
Page 39 and 40: 2.4 Groundwater Organizations Leade
Page 41 and 42: 3.0 Surface Water Surface water is
Page 43 and 44: Table 2: Michigan’s Designated Us
Page 45 and 46: Table 3: Total Maximum Daily Load S
Page 47 and 48: ● CWA Section 319 Grants - Sectio
Page 49 and 50: Activity #12 Michigan Drain Code Mo
Page 51 and 52: Activity #13 Inland Lake Level Act
Page 53 and 54: Table 4: BMP Examples (Continued) P
Page 55 and 56: Public Beaches Tested in Washtenaw
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3.3 Challenges and Responses Surfac
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The Rules of the Washtenaw County D
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Rain gardens have been installed on
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The Community Partners for Clean St
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Most, if not all, of the local unit
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Watershed Management Plans outline
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Challenge # 15 Point Source Dischar
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Challenge # 16 Community Wastewater
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● Home Toxics Reduction Program
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3.5 Local Tools There are many ordi
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APPENDIX A: Local Unit of Governmen
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NPDES Poi int Source Disccharge Per
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CCR Table continued 71
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A2: Augusta Township Challenging gr
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A4: Dexter Township As determined f
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A6: Lima Township Obtaining adequat
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A8: Lyndon Township The geology of
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A10: Northfield Township Aquifers y
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A12: Salem Township Dry holes have
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A14: Scio Township The glacial geol
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APPENDIX B: Watershed Plans and Bes
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B2 - Plan 2: Huron Chain of Lakes W
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B3 Map: 133 B4 Map:
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B5 - Plan 5: Middle One Rouge River
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B6 - Plan 6: Lower One Rouge River
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B8 - Plan 8: Stony Creek Watershed
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B9: Comprehensive Best Management P
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Watershed Plan BMP Title BMP Descri
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APPENDIX C: Acronyms and Abbreviati
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printed on recycled paper July 2008
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Water Protection Activities in Washtenaw County

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