Yokohama No. T224

IJEADQUAR'TERS"EXGI{TH
AE}TY i,
Unlted Süäües Allr# :
Qffice of the Staff Judgä Advoo,etß
. : , ,
;
' : :
:. 5
uM@ STA{ES crF eunnrcl16
I'U SUGASATIA
UNIT0D STtlES oF Ät@IcA 1ß
IIIIIEP qIAEs oF Ar,fERrcA v.s
T]NITED .STATES .OF TT{E.hiCAvs
'
rüzuuo{o susfitTsu
TSUGI'O IWAI,IUiTA
MASAKATSU Hozuts
Tckghaaar, Japeu: ct
? llareh,:1948
1. The .atbäctr.ej rgcg:{
9f tria.l-of
Tsuguo,Iw€muna
L,.ly SrgHä*a;.fgrumoto
an!'{,ggakptuu Sue,matsu,
Ho.purni
1t, Voköfijrna]Tup"n,
to 10 sepüernber
frrn
r94!r_ br-_a
3 Sepleüer 194?
{:i_rita.ry c:T+::;i{äppäi.t"a
Special Orders' No,
by paresraFh
201r He€dquarrere
2,
Eishüh-4rTqi-ü"rt"d
27 Augusü r9l+7, havJ-ng
Si,ai;;T;ö
been rlferred
dared
üo-ühe stä;i
thereof
Jüoe"
is zubnrttt,ed
Ädvoca.te,
to the
ühts
Commendtng
revlevr
ce;erat:-- --
{llmt IJu Suga.ge.vra.
AGE: '56 ' 1-
?+g 9I
.: RnsilElrcE!
.chiba-KenrlKgbri;Gun,
Tako-lrtachi, Iesa.se i365
I ]I,I'IIITÄL STITUS:, tt'Iidovr'en
REL.,.TIVEST Sonj. gfib Urbttr"rs and
. two- sisters
*_ 'q- _- _lüüffi
:/0C.45I6N: 4:tffi.ä"5.;:lui'.]:,
' ^..:, 't?.
Soldiör- l:'b
]1ItIT.rtfty:O4nEEB;'- f,cfite."""*iin" f"ut l-
-: '
P;cember 1915 üo üeniriäatiön of-wa.ri
. Commissioned Seco4d Lieuüdna.nt in
Decenber
..
19L5. present.
fa4b do1onel.
ColrtFINübM: -p{ Seprenber 1945
PIIE_o{_
AII AIGM.&NT : _ . 3' s 6 pt e,iru er "-Lg
W
PtllCE 0F IRL',1: yokohanai- '_
tlapah
PryIoD oF IRIAL:-- 3,Sepbemücr'fi4Z tO .
_ !!l sentenler igai - -::;-.,-'.-'--:
..'
.91P, 0F. SEN1ENCET ld sepuemu er Ig47 ''.::
sENlEI\lgE: Death'ty-haneins
pIEIENGY
Esqortgr\rDED BI-. : .
. c0ltfirsslofil: -lt* '
r
' "'-.] '..
,_,-.-.
.!.
--
,... '. '- -':
, ,r
* N1Jß: Kazunqüo Suoftatrir,r:]
,.GE! 46
,TESIDENCE: Foqolfg-t(en, Chikushi4un,
Kasuga-ir.ure, Kamishi rozu T L
:;JRITAL STATUS: tr{arried'
RELTITWES: Father, sLepr4oüher.
broüher1 wlfe, three äons anä on"
delghter
EDUCAT{ON:
.16.yee*s of schoolingr at
Seina.n-Gakkuln, F,ukuoka (tfi ssiän
Schoöl College)
VOCATION: Barrker
!.{ßI.T/AY C/fiE@: Lnperial .Ia.panese
Ärqy fbm D6cenber lrgz| bo iprif fge7
and fron Deceniber 1941 to Lermination
of war. '
i
i i
(p. 1, Sügesawa eü all
lsfrrüL
--,: -
. DLTE 0F CoryFrrrEG[TT!-:15 tueusü Lrt+6 -
9r^,fg oF mH*,römmtm: 3 sepleü;'194?
PLITCE OF TRfhL: Yokoharaa., Japan
PryIOD CF TRI-U,, 3 Sepüeirber-tr94?
.
üo
10 Septe.:rö er Lghi
D-'.TE 0F SEIITENCE: 10 Sepüenber Igl+T
9PSPwFT Dea.th by henging
CIE'GI{CY NECOIT ENDED BY
CCI1'ISSfON: No
Case #2%)
.::j;j

t
'.
.l\rlJTil Tsuguo lwortw:aa . i. , " .
4Brfl: 94
RESIDEIICts: Gune. Prefecturer Ta.kasakt
Citl', Shjmowa.da-Cho No, 374
liinITf.L,St,lTtlSc -lferrled
'tf.18
QF CONFII{E"T}ITi 3 ,,uAtgb. 1g&6
D.rrTq 0F rlxRArGtxmtrTr 1 Sep:üdöUer.'igtn7
ItrCEr(F TllIiL: Yokohane., jäpan
F.rfiIOD CF IBI:AL: J Septe.arbcr" lgl+7 to
, t0 SeptemUer 1942,
REliSI\Jlf$:
"tiH-fer two daughters, fe..Lher, DI,TE OF SEITIIENCE: L0 Septe,'nber 1.942
molher, four sisüer-s_.
SENTENCE: Death by hanglng
fDUC,IITION: Hlgher rntrnely schooI., CIN.fr I.ICY RECOS'rEI{.,DED 3Y
I yee.rs
C0'T'|I'SSI0N: l{o
VOC|.TION: .. .Farrner -l ':'" ' "
rTLIT^3.Y CTREFfr: Indacted 10 JenuarS4
Lg36t., dischahged 11r. August L9b5,' becaup
'
rrhrrant off,i-eef: ü(rrough renks;
NÄ}rE; :l".uuLu.tuu Hozu,Li
'.
.
' '
AGE' ' 3o' " ''' '
I:ES-II'IEME :' I',.üina:noto Prgf ecüu're; Kurna:noöo
,Ciuy, '
Kuroka-nrlr'Tsuboi k),,1'
'.
',r,{RITf.l' STLTLLS:'l.fe.ryied'
nE!.fTIII:is:
'.tlife, da.ughter, ard msbher
EDUC4.TIO\T: : Col'lege, 4 yea"rs .,'
iIüIATION; , I,liddle schqol-'in.sürucüor ,
"II,IT'^Ry ClRtllR:, Inducted 10. Jnnuary
,.,,P2Ä, dls.charged 3L:Jui.ir' 1944' lqith l
,rP.rk of '-€ergeant, l/,ffi 0F COMIN.$ENT z 2t+ JuIy 1946
l./',TE 0F ARBAIGIITEI\IT: J SepLenber I
PL1CE CF' TRI/'J-,: Yokohe.ma.r- Japsn
PETIIOD CF TRIAL: J September 1947
l0 Septenber 1947
,U.T.D.: CF SENTINCII: L0-,Sep.ternber 1947
-$IIITENCEa Death,by:hanpng..
r Ci..I::€r\l0 Y- ffi C 0.1t EIVTED Pff
' 0014'TSSIC$; No : :'
" , . . ' . : ' - : , - . ' : ,
.
. -:places,seü :förth' in the .'spec$lcatl-ons .
- heretro abtabhed, rüd vfolgFe - Llre Le.Ws :
r'e,nd
,Cusboms. of. {ar. -
I
t'.
5p i: On gr,eb8ut !1- Augqst lJl+3,
'
.
.-.:.ceusecl did vrillfull]t arr,l unlatduLl-y
c.zuse.the death of G...4.. Irrri.tr, an
ir:stral-ian Fi!, by ord-ering, ca-us5-ng atd
r{i-recting the said Irvrtin to be !'jJ-l-ed.r
wheranpon ühe saj-d lrvrin wa.s cholied,,
shot, stabbed a:d oühervrise p-bused until
he wes dea.cq-.
;
Scntence j.mDosed: Deafh'
: ' :
itsJ4luun- leg-al prnishmenü : . .Death
SITFI\TSU
Charge: 4,ccused, at . lhe ülri{es-andr
places seü forth ih thö"speclJica.tion
hcreto aütached, dtd violä.te the traws
and Customs of "lai. ''
:.' .
Sp 1: On or abouL ä .lugusü L913,
,accused did ed.l1ftüI;r ard. urilanfully
causb the Ceath of G. l...Irv1in, en
Lusbralian P{, by orrlering a{d,parstrtg'
him to be choked, shoü, s!a..!bidr. Pnd
ofherwise &bused. .*;. .'r-
(p. 2, ila;";;;
r" a ''''hirfr
_./l t -
t-'- I
- ru'ee.s
-i a
+t
I\TA
}TG
, i . - ,
,lI|-! *' " . Yes
Nd Guilüyi 'occeP0 the
nord. llsüabbedrt; d
ühe encepted word,
-'r .Not Guilby.
e.se
l{2U
lüo

- 4
Seater1gg
tmngesdi Bpaüh -
ri{qdgrfS legJ, püniötmöntr. : neatfr-r,
I!,,\TANUMA
:T-.-i*
Charge: Acpuded, at, the tirnes and pIäcee
seü 'forth
l,n lhe speclftrcatlofiÄ. hereto
i!ügch.ea, aid vIoläte the Laus ard Cusüccris
of rr.Ia!.
Sp. 1: On or about ä- August Jigtß; accused
did wrLl frrlJ-y and Unlawfully ldlt g. A.
trwin, an Australie ff, by shooüi.nglhln,
. .',.'
'..]..::.'..'.'..;..':..,-;..
: .'
, r,.::,',..
',1)r,.,.. .., t,::,:
,l'., '' ' .: '; ,
Sp 2: Between I June 1943 and 28 FebruerS,
:..9l+b acsused did wil.lfully arrd-unlavrfully
wit,hhold R9d Cro19 su.pp].:les lntended foi
Lhe urte and benefiü of: Allled F.^p s; :
NG
Yes
N$ Guilt,y, gxcept the No
worrl rfki.Ilti, eubstituLins
üherefor the words ilparL]
{eipabe in the ld.}ttnp .
efn; of the exc'epüed v]ord, - A
Ngü Guil,ty, of the sub-
stibuted : words, Gullty.
a
llc G 'es
?f
J: Beüyee"_1.JuT:.19!f ana_28 February NG . G .yes
I94ht :accuped did i,rill-fully arra unlawfully
nistreaü nurnerorts Allied Fj,Its by beating, :
'
; :
*. "*']':\""'":""t:* u"'o"'
', '
''
--.i. ? --'a- -'.' .; L -
::- üaxlnunlegal'pr4ishmenti.Dea{h. ---'.r '.F^...r
'-v.-
-!; i-r-
-.-
' . - t
,
':..
=
.- -'J'.1-
a
,
'lozÜlll
"ti
ö" ? i -a '
:. F ;=='=-
..t
_.
-
i .----- . -;
2. '.j ürg1g9i.-A.ccused, "b
?!9 bjnies'a.nd pl-aces
. scL-forüh
' {.9 the specificat,iorrs herüto.
, r+,L_a3hed, dl{' yiotäte, the, l,aits a$ Cusioqn
-
o f . ' i l a r l . . | ; ' | ' . , , , . ' . ] . . . .
,' -.-:.. j'- --
.
NrG
: : ' : .
; -
. , .
G
. ! . = . .
*'y*"-
,.ip
1: 0n or abolt ?-] Ayryet' ]:g43t accused.
.fla.rrurqry. ah$-unrawfulry kili'G; /r.':
ITTI: an A*sülgliql PT!t,_ by cholci;1g,
-ltc -' &iity, ""ii1t']'"ou.iiruüing
ericept, the yes
-''ona
'
stabbing and othgrwlse abusing h.lm.
t, ''
--.---."
üheref oi ühä ryofds rrpsr.tl
Sp 2: On nrirnerous ocoasions beüween
22 April L9l3 and lt 0ctober I9t+3;
agclrq.eq did.ü.11f_ully ard untarvfully "
misüre-aü Ä. ,E. Firdleyr
'
€rn Ausbra,lian
H[r and tlrmerous other .Ufied FttB by
bealing ard oüherrvlse abusing thsn.
- (as amended R. 97)
Seritsnce imposedi Deaüh
lfa:d.rnrn lega1 punii*rnent,: Deaüh
NG
(p., 3t'sugasawa eL al, Case !!221+)
trtf,"'eA'
stltubed words, Guilüy,
NG
' o :
a-::rl>
r19
t'

3,
of -'rar - Campr '.)' Fulruoka -':* Arear' '- I(yushu, Japant
--:r-''
:-':*'
( ". 'Fpl -ü[e hosecgüion:
\ . - : _ , ;
-9wl-risg;üiesq"Les*pr-t--$rsw-%$sr,;gepsrrqslriJloss4l
c, A. rr.v*n,ä-u:ffiTiäi:pTFJn6 oT war--" escäpä-fronrThä-Cffip-fi lusust t9Ä3;
.,i
This caused rrUch concern and thousands of memlers of the .Arrry, efvi:= poüce an6]
nanyoaüri.otiö"orgeni2aüionsconducüedaseerchforNmfortioae6r suntrrrrJwes
appiehended. a.nd.held at :the Yahata Pol-ice ,Sbation. Aceused Sugase.iva, e Cofoneiin
the Jepaäese,Ar-rhJ/, ulas comnand.anü of bhe Fukuoka lrea PriS'oner-of-".,tar Camps.
Ü"a"t ""4ä* fh'on lajor Ge,neral,Yoshinaka; Chigf of Staffj h" ;;e";"d;;.;;ä-'
SueneCsqr.fifs.t.'li.eir-trtiySü',c9qp tq have l.rvÄn
l.o.e?end$f
oc9er1!e$
I
,
I .il
:,.,
'.
uryon-capt'ur€r l, He cgn!9nds,'he:bg.]i-eved he'was'elrpoluereC Lo,do so unden an Arfiele 6 of a-Japanee'e
,
regula.tion.i ,-''
Accused Suenatsu-ordäred'eccuged lwa.nune end Hozumt ald Privabe
. Irle.kanura, his subordinates a.t-ühe ce:np-, bo e.Qcunpany him to: the police süe.tion
to pick up lru.in. .Afüer so doing bhel' proceeded by car to a nountainous..a-rea
uhei.e bhey stdpped erd got ouL. Accused Sueme.f su o.rd.ered accused,Hozuml Lo
.
:
'
_.:
, .:
. choke Irldn.rhose hands were tied a! :the. Lide, ,a{te1 a sLight heeitation he
.
.:
'cerried-qut
tle orcler': arid lrwln.fell to- the grourd. unconscloust .AU lhis poinb.
he ordefed accused lwa.qurna to,;ghöbl,ItFn.' He. took e'.ecused Hpzurntts rlfle'and
-'
shot.h:irnin-*uhe.bbc[.j.lrrirrt

'a
'rt68i
'-
,llhen the prtdoners.i received the oarce:
,
*l**#itrt*mgt*{ggf
for the peJJ-agra cases ühe'' haJ, pug
-trr":l
";;il;
swedish 'eopsul,. on beheLf är i:::..
Tfrp day
trr6 Drrüch gärrurn'."'i, before, ühe ,
cohditions
.o,og
of bhe'
to
Dutch pnisoner.s3
the üd to invesLiqe.Le
andshoes..Afüerrthecoi1su].rärt.1hey.rlrere."ää.,i""a!o-!*nä""-yt*,i"ein..
.1'rr9 iris";;;'-;r:Tr, rssued F"ed ciioss crorhinr
Aftef ,rhis rhe: shoes-y..ene,,*9a ü:;yr"""r.rar"""=äd
in charge
qiäril..o;ä:dälrwqnrura
of th3se, gupptie!1,,(R,',L.7. üras
,i ., , : : t,. :, -:
:
.As' üo' specificati*
1-'S.p.g-d,r- Ä;ecused
9.e*rj..ed a piece :hose rTfth vrrrrcrr-riä h;aaari-y.;riu"r. prf-sö;"" of rubber
over t]'e
;;;:::
hesd''
,1r;^u;iqä9fäi,rnu
He o-füen kieked p"isgä.rp i5..;rr-li?r3.h nose an.
-
hin in propör fashion. qor räirure.üo:s.rute
On one oäcasion h".tii-t',n- ,
"Ad.,"l
ry!:h
Engl-ish offi_cer. ,
He beaür 'kicl

-
4üt#4,
thapsend rqep hnd. FrrfÄeiprrid ln thg sep-rrch,tfot,,Irrv-in1 .Pioducbion was stopFed,
bhene {'.re.s n sLate of unr.esL And ühls ,l-nLcrfenedJwlth the contlrru.ance of bhe rnl
effort. Ho ühen ogdered a.ccuseC Suenob,su'üo\go tci uir" polibe station and, receive
gh"l,prisoner en{, to exeCrlöe'hlm-by shgöteng wi'y üeck to the ca'rrp (R. 65).
\tttu
!tre.lorerir;th;rt there,wnl 11 Hague Copvofition bu! lmcw ltübLe aboub it,
Ile l.ras-toIcl. W hls superlor .!lut',the, $nev! CohvenLion had no effecü'on Japan
. (4.-71).
'In
enswer bo a. Cominissign nefuberls o-,uestion he staüed. bhät, pnder
,lrüic1e 6, a.ccordlng Uo bhe lntcnpre!äülon giveJl h-irn b;r the Chief of the Prisoncr
.of t[ar"lnformetion Btrrea.ur fron Ticutenent Gcnsiü.I rU5'emqra, nnd from nonühly,
rclnrts uhich süe-.ted how:'prisoners were being breeLed, a. prieoncr uho osia.ped
rnd'uas reca.ptured could bö shot (R. '13-71+)i lle wrote in his reporb t'ha.t lrwln
wr.e:shot-51'atterryüing-bo escl.pe becr.uBe:he had bce'p told to do go by tieutpno-nt
Gencrel Uycmura. (h.'7&),
'
' .
\.
.l,ccu$ecl Suenatsu ücsülficd ,unrien oa.öh. The pertiaenb pa.rt of his
tcstirnry is a-s foLlovts: :
of hostiliüiegi, Flo'ettalned the rarrk of capfaln a.t ühe tc;rmination of host,lLiti.es,
He is a ChrlsLip.n (4.75). Concoinlng'.the Irwin incident he stafed bha.ü v,hen
bhe polfce tele.ihoncd hin that Irvrin he.d been a.pFrehend,ed he cal-led accused
onör and qucstion hlrn urtry he escaped. He oräercd accused l{ozuni and en inbcrpr,'Lcr
to go üo fhc police stetion ehoed of hin. LaLer ho rnd aceuspd Ivranuna
: -"-rent to thä si;:Nion b;i.a.utornobj.'le. 'He quesüiongd lrwin. The;r-boolcthe pori,qsssl'
: grr dutoroobiic lnbo thä.'rypurtains.. Because the;r-1p6 bub one rifle nü he belte-verd
bhis gculd.cp.use bfol .prlsoner undue' dufferipg, -he.orcLereci;ecbused HOZuni Lo-use' ...
thc art of .judo to.'rend.ö.r hl:n uncori'söious blcfor-e being.shot,- JIhi+conpletedr-
'
ü simaileci a,ccused lwiriürne to ähoot äin in the'lbackr'rThich'he did' Blood uep
a
fi"t;#äfro*,t-oJ"ts nouttr'and hc bhoughl. he-vie.q,'dcaa. - u'ie returngd.-to camp-loi
I - -
;rr..nili:-rri"", Forty .drirutc's -f,o' en n9g1 r.a.gcnti röttfie{+nd 4bcusöd' Hgay{. '.
r .l
- ;;;*-Ti,fi:fr-4"1r,r"e.""-g,iiltegl-cgp6i_9ush"ss r.ncr:rriLhor* thifrking he had-ft3!uco.
i -rr;,ra
:l *itft 3!*,ora" Irr,;tpilaäc" r.l4.{n !n9.gae1s.of 1"gY:Sd Sugasa.wa
l:,PldJlu. ..
-j: - -t[,;n Trith p- s]nrord, rl,.qjmprranle ur z'.uuuö-sul,iö*':I:^::_;;*fi'.---.,...:
lall :n:.qj'ger'ü
-.rj-so.ncr of v,ai" off icerb lfrnt ,fruiä'ha.d bee-'n shot and kjl-led for atberapt*ttq t? -
;;;;;;;9 (n.'|e),'' Tho sta:be,:nenL in Ealribi! ?,thab lrluints hrees and on& foot- '
'
"'a
__
;ä;:ä";ä;"ä'ir,ui"i""noä.-J"f-""-fänt;
t'i-" h"oa iE untruä.l,ccueect
h,,ranum?:, ha'üing böen fufy.swornr nels took:the. sl,ändl ttis
tesLi,oony:';;;;;;tr ig irrä'rrlan fncident-ls.uasicärty ühe-sl{g- as fhe:others vttto
i"ifisilä,, ;,,6-t'ljii:noi bu.";#; (n. ee)., n" "o'i no mrtiie.tion o? rn'dn{s.
body other t[an trre-t geused b;' th"' a\ootilg2). concernlrlg Rcd cross suppllcs' he
r{e.s custodlan of them but cotüa not di"striUdte tfrern withorrt i:er"-nission'of t'he.
sup

C
a'' ..
1,
I
r
,
I
I I
lPpW'F/
'. , r
She rcn4bg lrYd.a wqgrpggapügrad. egeugeG,lUeraq.Leg
ir, asked. thls accused. .
sLncq hg;ksev' thg 4f! of Judo;iltöin:hü ar,otä?ii" a;;;iäüs-ä*arru*,mtive :
ansvter, he 1e.üqr choked'rrw3-n irc;i tehlnä uniLtrt,be
pressure f.ecanrg uncä"üiä"1"'üä*uiurt,ua,
for about a ninlrte end ühen rr*rn räü
'
!o thulliörä;-'ü;er rryrin häd b€qr
:ho!
b;r aoeusgd rwarmna hg wes o1d.e1ed to rernei-n to graia tü"'uo&.. ,soon after ,
rnrin soü up ang sbass-gred üowar{ hi*, *u. !he5r.
erarräd-'off
-
l; ;;iü""-äi"aäi"rr. i
,
He beceme'scaied
-"19.üd hot !q16w
1ilr.a.t
action"üo take. ,sucä i;ri" seemed
suffering,
üo be
he stabbed hin (R. 9h)
)
Nobuta-shi*Naga.ta,
-d"lgng" witneser'testlfted und.er oa.th thet
been
he
emoroved
ha.d
by ühe.Japan coal rfi.nl_ng gotopnnii r,id"t;ä; r""* r-i.plii"iiei-;;L
ühe present. The':orio' kisoner of llar Camp waä locqüed'ü -carn; itr:"uäl""rtp"rt-"i-
Lhe nine. He raas ühe liaison bet,ween.the iompany eno irr"
his time' there
i;;";ij,*ir*i.*
l:.::it'l*-cross gupplt_g,s ariiiä tqr five ocdasf"n;:' tüL,y ääüiäa
by-truck, one and one-half ton sizä. then full it ronu"in;ä-;üi tr,,rener packages,
Only t1p Limes.did f:t_}.ür1cks:fr+ve.. Oüher t:_,,nee the3, "u""-noi-erüL. "täss t"
than a üoüal of one hundred. packagä.s a-r,r'ivecl bncl ,durinä üit" tim lh" p"i"orr"1
popula'üion rose froft four hundred_bg eLeven hundred (n, gB). ,f"-i" ühe distribution
of ühese itlpr aft91 accused Sueme.tsu anc fhe ü.ntä"'p"iion""' oi ,,,*"-;ifl;"*
t4lga it-over; ühose arüicl.es wllich could be useä iniLividual-iu ni"""--n.,ü;r;d -'-"
e.nd ur:rned over Lo
!h?-berregks con"r.:nder. r*ro alstributeJ-th";; ;h;;.';;;;i;"
which *ere best used. jrt the kitchen.,were'ddlivereci ü ih; p"i"ä"."""r rr.e-r off icer
i1 ,t'he.lciLchen. He knevr oJ no case ,.^here the Japane"* .oprnpgoiuA any of thesb
iüerns bo Lhelr own use enc hearrl no complgi.nts cäncertnng. *"äu"ua,i*"nür"rs dis-
tribuL'ion öf the'rr. .ll.ed Cross suofilies: wene reeeirred onlf once eu"int-';;;u;J-
Ivranume,ts tirie e,lt, the 'c"*p (n.. g9), :
--
6, opj-nionr . :
.__^.:.=_,.
_
.j
(_,
__ :
-.:,., .
'rrTltg
r"cord
-o'.1,-
i3
ngU legally* sufiicient to iüpport-the..complu*'rrrrd.:llgs. -qf
-.the.Curnnissionr The Conqlis_sion t,'e..s constitüteQ,'b;r.pro-1:er euLüori.tl: and $.d -
-
jurisdiction of the g.ccused
L -.r -
-
err..!-of lhe.affenses,.-
.e r -. r r
l.- . . -. __ '. - .' : -. .--;:;-:
:'-"-- ., :
'..e4
Tft" frE""eutioninüret'ussd eiiiderrce.-$y.means cf a forner prisorler Of ..J
+;al-,tho- toolc the stand, bF efLide.vitiof for':rär nrf"eoneos v,ho heä been int&ned. -io
in- the ca-np by swcrn
ind
state,ee'nts of the n"c.t"ed ttre"rselves *o.a" otio" i"i*r- -,.1at
Sugaeno Prison.
-r
{ven thougllbhe l}nitect sLetes Rulesrof land.,r'arfe.re.{'l,I p?-io, par. 34?. i
providb that a. solcLi-är ha.s' e valicl rlef,ense iJ tüs o"t" *'uru:ära.;r."ä au rri"-ia"äiÄ-l
nent._or conrnander, (ns conüelggd t:, defense motion o.:11-rej;]h; ,"ä"i.iiä"" :--
I
p4ormlgaüed b;r psragra.ph /jd (6) of Lhe :tql,p leüf er äf 5 nucuä6er: j-9451:nodify I
?h9 provisions of ühe rp.nueI, The iC,nP ruLes provid.e that actions pursuenL-to f
Iü is sonsid.ered thaL unrjer JCÄp rules1 above :nentionecl, because of
ord.ers fror"l his superior, accused sqgäsa.v,ra is tächnicarly guirt], onb, of causing
an assaulb wiüh ihtent, to courait hoini-ci-de, (u'hich wilt bä äjscussed iater trcrein),
b}r a-ecosed Suenatsu arxi ltranurna. Ther lc|uai killing of pqisoner lrvrln by accuseä'
Hozumi, n4rich v'räs done unofficirtly :,nd. u"il1 also bä ctisöussed a.L lengtlr later
it t$f opinion, wlLl show thrt Suges'a.,nä. is'not guilty of this acL. fue ruLes
providirg for his'technical Arilt ire cl.oe-r on tfie rroint of thc a.ssauJ-b $i-üh
inübnt to soryrlit honicicle because this v,,as rn lttcnpl to carry out en order he
iqsu{ dovn through chrnnels ordering lrtirrrs exeeulion. io,.ärrot, bhe;' 1'*gnu"
provide Lhet such action on th'e nert of an accused. rruJr bg consideied_ in nitlga.üf9n
of Ernishmenü if ."issg1"e so requires. Iü nould e_pp"a.r tha-ü, concerningthis
a.cctrsed, his is the t:nre of siLurtion for rhich tLL rufr of olüigetion of
prnishnent ',v.as established. He conscienüiously süudicd thc regula.tions rnd
believed. they jusüified frvdnts execution. He revieyred. record.i v;hich siiorvecl
,tha.t vrar prisoners in other Je.penese camps were being qrecuüeC for having esca-ped.
/ In eerly ]r9li3, he kr.d a.sked the Ctriqf of the Fisoncr of, !.9ar Infonazbion Furea.u,
f l.ieutenrnL General U;/e,rura-, for en bpinion uncler ühe Jepa.neso regulaüions con-
I cerning prisoners rSo hr.d been recepüurcd ,Cüer osc'n"pirg. He ryas e.dvlsed the.t
\the priponer 4eht' be shot (n, 64). rfn lrwinrs case, he-consulted l{e.jor General
Chidf .of Süaff ,
\!fnnl

upon recaPtu{ef
rfe.h! of ehoLce
passLng of the
:
:
-:.
'
., .. .. - :'
-
r.' :
.:':
..
' -: : .-. : .
The.prosecuüton polirts'oub'iühat the süaüe of mj.nd of .rr accueed ncrson
i; of .mgaügst-ilp{üepcoi and,Lord:ha.1weIt],s sf,eLenenü:i" euotuä;-;:;;tt;'"io.r"
9f e, nenls'mihd is_JusU es much a'queslüton,of fp.cü.es the stäue,of'mt:äi!a;i;"
(Pro-s,..tr{oüign, p, 1I), . ','- , , ': '.' ' ''..'' '',.1
.
, '- --,.:--l-.
- :,1,-::,.,
,.
,,,. ,
.
:.: ::,. -:
..r
: -:
l
:- , Because'of SC,IP Ruleg there ls ng doubü of his Atilü. of itre assau.Lt: '
, ',
'iilttr
intent to kjll. Hovrever, the consc{entioui ;-*;; iffiiäi #""il;ä:hr"
risinterpretaüion of regula.tionp aad his being a.dvlsed tha.t the Genäva Convention
hed no effecü
lp9n."lapal(n. ru], evidence tha.ü ühe question of fact as to gre
süa.üe of hi.p mind is neLl e.stablishedi Ib is'co.nsid.ered thaü this abcused vns
not moüivated by naf.ice or a sadisüic d-esire .nu:rel;. to have a prisoncr execubed..
He felt thet under his superioits orders and rlrder: the e.cl.vlce fre had received.,
his passing the orders: of executj-on clown.throrigh channels r,,ns legal and Justii'ied.
He siaüed ön the stand, ilTb ls'not pr:r':c-s:l thiäe uo lriif-* ;,t"-(R. 6tt."---*-:-
. :
'Fortheabovereasons-ltis.consideqedt,|le,t!heCo:n'rrissioRwasext,reneIy
severe inrsenüdncing ühis aciused üo dqathi It nore properly shouLd hdve a.q:pl-ied
the rule of ndtisa.tion of scntence, as provided by .SC(P, andl sentcncea lrin tä e
rm.rch lesspr penalty. This wiLl be fr.rrther discussed under bhe recornncndations
to'be ne.de subsequently hereia.
'Un,lut
lhc SC.AP Rulbs sbe.Led. a.bove R.ccu-sed, Suenatsu e:rä lwanu-rna are
technicäl]y guilty of-..clr:o$lg and g[og[i4g lrrrd.n as part5-cipänts in;the acts..
Hovrever, fhei arecnrobi6l'G'ry acf,üäITfläs_-guii-ty. oi tträsu"'".cüs' e,sivould be ühe
.c-ornrnandär end. g, .nryqbcr-of, an execuiäol äqraä5 trrg i*u of. rrhieh !g .used uy. tträ
"" '
-.
-' a'rrnie$üf the^itorld. ?tlt'ie condidered üha.t ]tris not dhe'-dub;r of sueh porson4sl,
when ordered'Ey- pv6lrer authority tci exccqt'e a pqisgrrr
'
tq investigg.te ratreüho.p'.ö-r
not.btre victim_+ras propprly fid lcfü*:r triedtcfo?c'eieontiod Iti iffier.elJ'. * .
their dutl'Jü db":,'the- braqrl lssr{ält äändorning thc .;mtt6r. Ciuy nidD{+öi'sisä. .'
-:.-- - -. . fu considered es bein'g;in. [he-s.rne-ontöigong vrlth ühe exesutlonefs ab 6u'gäo -. a .
.hiiron who e.ct on .orclers ,r'oceiied fro$ higEer a.uthori!1,:. Tö trcü othcrwi;e vöüld.-''"-
.' forge üliem io "*"-d *A "to'0.;1 the records of triet of ,.aÄl- vrhon they ei""tf!u Ja,
:'
I
even having no lgg*-t trainillgr, bd' responslbfe for an;r elrors cn misüa.kes the.b
r't "
mightresu1t*T"-un.-j1stexgct1tions3':*condernncd..:-
'
, Äcc'r:,sedlSüenetsu vr,as found gui-lt5r of vd]-lful].y s?rd.-,uriav.fult;u crosi4g
' ühe death of lrvdii. ,/i.ccused lwanurne. i'.'as found guiSty'of parilclpabing in the
deaüh of frtin b;r shoobins hin. It ls belicved üha.ü- bhe Öo,snission eired in
these fi-rrlings..Iloibhcr of thesd accused parflciprted in ccusing, ordering, or
trlnglng about: the ecü thaü ecfuell]' ceused- his dea.th. Accused HozunL eüabbed
'.IrrrJ.n'and
Such sta-bbing cp,used his d.eo.Lh. Thore ls no evldence thaü lrr*in rnight
noü ha.ve lived vrj-thout this sta!:bi-ng, He p-eq on.his feeü and süaqgerlng i,hen
Hozurni üook it ünon hi-nself to sbab hin to c..use hls doa.th. /iccused Sue,ta.tsu
and lrrenumn coulä onl:r loga]-l;' bc found gujft"y of a.sseulL wiüh intenü to kill or
.
4urder, a d.efinition
..
of rn'hich- lst
tri"n p-sseult v.i'Ith int,ent to kill or inrrcler involvcs thc
concurrcnce of L'ro d.istineb alenenüs, ne.nell', an intent
to take Llie anrl an aösaulü or e.tüonpt üo ccrry out'that
intention qirich feltrs short of cohsuinnation,..- The crlme
' ?l ämt"r,H,,ln:',11":ft"'ilffil:':,:1trdä;ä"3*:
evon though bhe e,sspilanb is prerrcnüed from kilting. htn
b;r the. inier"venLion of an exUrinslc agenc;rlr , (26 J','n. Jur. 576) .
Furthebmore. esseult vdbh intenü bo can,niü .qrrder v;as not consl-dercd.
a. felony ni"oÄoti-fir:U"tt." a- rori;us ot "g.gro.t*Lecl misdcnearlor (40 C.J.s. 938). '
Hor..everr in nany'Jurlsdlötlons by stlfute it h;s bien qa.de a felony, elühough
'ünd-cr s6ne.stetü!är.v provtsions it let rcnains a .;räsd'Jneanor (4o c:J.s. 9)8).,
*
lrÄ
, the
The
I
(p. I, Sugaeawä et äi, Caeeü22t+
TftrT;4d
.tb hold an lnquesü on
Jackson r: Openlng Statenent

.-
The redord shou.s bhat afler Ifirin had beln-chgked and shot and thought
to be d-ea.d, aOctised,:Hoaurni:.wes ordered to:,p
Ell=_hlq-in sase
hlg_grtly.--lio--g*q$ef .y1pp--.-g!v..e11!o
he were'noü at. bhat t ]ec becs.use slif thi; this wö was ;;t' not .anticipated
äli;iFatä.
1 acu sed Höäurnl Töä TE : irb;n li'in"-fl}*tö
whön Irwin arose 'and sbagge-red.
Accüsed.Stre'n€iüsu- and Ivranrrynf .g4y rroL tre 'träla legally as pertLeipanüs in this külir€,
ft, is staüed:
'. , :
. riln accord r,r4ith the principle la.sü sLated. it has been
. held that one,v*ro has nortgJtry vbünded the deeeased is
. not liable'for hig deaüh, if'lhe deceased was subsecuenü.,.. .
1jr killed..b;r the inde.pe4itelg acü bf fanothen " :(29
C,J.
f078 and.. note 4. üliereünaer); ' ,,:;;,,',,.
,;i1i,
.rä
.:,i:=
.liii:
.,ii
'
'
:
:'
'l : . I
of l..r1{t?; His latüer acü vras contrar:1 ,tq ord-ers ,anq ih ,nowise couta iropligate,. ',,
accused'$tienqbsu anC llwanrna- , "
',
|
,t
.
The def"ense rnotion (p.,36)
-
ütates tha.b aCcused Hözumirs .rct fe,1-g!.g.s--q.ggk
to äccused Sugaservars order üäcäusä acJused llozurai rt"i"a i" hi" efriäi.vit,(id.T,
par.'9) ühat he lccpw thaü -accusecl Sqgasä.wa. näs in eamp cliiecL.ing opeinatioru. Hor+ever,
'he does'ngt sbate vtreir he had: fhiq lenov.,.ledge-*whether iö was before or aft,er
he had kitfed frwin.
't
t -,,,t,
'rl..tl
As üo Colonel Sugasavrars euitt for the actuaL ki[ing--öf lr-win, i-b'is
consideqed he rna.3z ttot legell;i be held. His orders rr6re nol co-mptie-d'-',rribhr Ortl;r.
an- incomplete'a.tteqpb t9 conplJ'lltbh tkie'n vng rngd.e. -He ndy riot be treld -guilly'
because a persoh r@houL. euUhoriir' ,anrt n9t pömmqncl.öä uo- oo so- bJr oaa in the proper'cgnnr.nd
cha.nnel6_ cornpleüe.d.the a.ct. ' Thjq. is ena,logous'.äo the- siüuntion vüere,t'he
' ste.te hH orderä thä execulion of a iri.ninal'an'd'äoneone intervenes and kil'ls
a -corrlcl
hln. TFe'staüet pro.ööcuter lhe qrrg v*rb'j.n9är-venia 6c,-esüse 1$g(iihinal-had' '. o
not&eenexecu.!9florgiäia1r;'-ano..|rre']Eie:rciriinghingas.r8it,hodBathoriü;rtodo..>
_ :u, even?tho€tr the,6n!{or +hicf..the_gtete.f orfer v,,ns pronr*g-aüed lrns'a$airrcd.....,'3
'':-"
--
'Irv,;'inr..hp-never,
. : As to,Ho?ulgirs:guil! itr.tne, ki[jng of iü is bel*e1red;- -,-lüha'i
he..rb-h.o"_qgbt-.he r.,{Es carrj.ripg öuL or:dersr'even though he was noL. P,c'sbaüe.s
'
ih-his affldavib,(E*..5, par.-B).;that he ha.d no othcr al-ücrnatiVe.bgü tg stab
- Irv,'in. Under the Sirtuins}ance.s he shoulil nq! be de0ied fhe fuanef.it. of-:the
''
-prov:ision
for nitige t-itn of-punishnent'in S0,LPtRul-es. Iü is d'ba,Sfc prinicple-of
'
crlninel- law bhat-F-äste.ke of fi',ct, trnlike e" nisbak4 of lewr.pleces the actor
ln:the.nosi.|i?.'*"..*|*!'f;ctr1erä!r'":.
-
The prose."üiion sLaLes in lfs brief Lhat ln the ynesenü "".su. öhe defense
contentlon, ülraL the ehoking, folLor^nd by shooüi:rg, v*'.s däsiened bo be rnercjful
anil to savä ühe uiisonep fiorn sufferingr-cannoü qprlt scfJous consideratiön
(p, 12).,;' it- is thought, ho*"vnr, lha.ü-trris is not necess.'erilir rL brue st.q.üenenL.
it f" dj-fftculü'e.t üim.es Lo-bring about a. n-.'nts i,1lrnedia.öe ctea.th b;r the.tlso -of _
one riflel hencer'btre use of'firin,r squadi.-universa1l.tr, If more Lhe.n one_sho!,,
be .necessiry Lo triJ.f a hwnen, (e.s i',ts -the situabion ln thc presenü case), lb rnight
-be rncirrg ner,äiful üo pendcr hirn unconscious bv a sysüe.n 9f
judo prior to shooüing
:'
hitn.
. .r'
:
'ftnä
it, d.iJfieult, e.t tj.nes tö uncl.erstand lrhaü caüsls it to funcLion üi Ufre iltnner
Lt,.doos. lfost ryesterners -v*ro heve been serving in Ja-pr,h ln the occupation are
never.free of anaaenenü aü,rns.qq üh5.hgs the Japencsä people do r:hlch are contra.ry
:iö *t ld,ees'of logicgl proecdure. it t" quite pogeitlä t'Lrat thls choking pior
.to ühe shootlng trni trrougfrt b;l lhe a-ccuscd'boj bs; '(:a.s.,v,c1-I it nighü'be), n-nore
nereiful r^n:.r of. exccuting Irrän. i
';...
.' :. " :
Iö Is steüed tn the propecutionrs rrction that .r'hen.a rmnber of :Dersons
acb rribh e coaqpn prrpose .ond-r.c!ri.eve.L!, tb äoe6 noü raLt*,in.lhe slightest
ü"""o" rhich of thcm itri*q" the fa[nl biow--a].l c.ro c1ua.Ili' guilüy of mrrdcr.
.
(pl U).
.This ls a:recogrd.zcC rninciplc of 'Ierir'br.rt iü 1s difficulb tq undcrgüano
iä" if,.''cän appl.v.to bhe pr.qsent, c:.se vficn one considcrs,the following rce.Eons:
-
/üryT*$A
.___
' (p.9, Suge.sawa'eL e,Lr..Cese r:t221+)
:'

. 33e*"-ujf]!.-4tI*atqggPt*p.'.Sg4iegEgiES vras not in cornpliance u{-üh
orders iss@
=Tm6it
Tt noffiin? to sholr tirar iaäcus "ä-l*ä"rr"
g$_I"uy1i-kne-vv ühat
lhe
undgr carne-ührough agcus.ed-sugasara from the Chief oJ
Süeff of ühe rlestern Ärmyr lttro.qoul,d he.ve to be fellor.r conspiretors to achieve
a purpose?, ,iccu3ed, rgapgma. a1$ both
-cgnnn$l
$ozrlni
hesitabed.viren prdered individ..
ualh'to chokc ard to elloot lr.vrin. Their acts v:ere inerely in..obedience'Lo orders.
as t/,as accused Suenqtsuls. There is,no evidence of rnaliee shown. The kiUine
,tnr.s a.ctua]l"v acccrnplished r,ithouü authorizabion. ,Thercfore. Hozumi-ääc-ciriofiäfiea
this acü b;r hi-mself, to the exclusion of bhe other three accused.. thc kii-Iins
could not inblude eccuscd Sucnneüst-r becau.sc hc ühought, that ect'he,d becn accoro.öfiuf,e{,
ar:d he issued, the,:or$er,}ellg-zunl to s*t{.!lts,;.qgdi, rt,:courJ ;;i'-i;;i;ää---'.
aö6usea lvranuma because he thought *re:eeETfl-filifl-1-fr6*tiad.bci:n conpletsd. It
could not inclUrle aqcuqed Sugrsnw.a because it rae ühe. soLd uneutholizecl ;.ct of
e-ccused Hozuaüi l
'
.
'', ;
' .,..'.1.
'. t:.' '".'i',,,
:', . ,.
': '
. :.. .Consequently, ü!: c91_t,i1tfon of.,ühc pqosgo3tign that ühe killing of lrwia
lrFs e'conspiracy is considered tb be without legeJ be.sj-s.
, , j , - . , '
Ib is considered bha,L, r,rhcre bhls Co,r'nissien founcl Hozumi 'guilty undcr
but one spcci.fice.tion of pr.rü.icinä.L5-ng,in bhe.dceth of lrvrin b5q choking and
süabbingt and sinqe ühcre"liJer.e, p-s hes been disclosed'in ühe opinion aborre, tuo
separaüe ofjcnqqs resulting froq thc: chokinC alrd-''the,stal:bing,r''he is gutlty 6g
bhe,grieaüef:off enseirrame1y,ofki11-lns:Iiwin'b5rsto.bbing...
As'to Spectficabions 2 end 3
a.np1e
be.t'ond
(Iyianrlna): It is eonsidcredt that ihere is
ovfa ffiäE-EEffi]tJ rnävJ tirc-ElGe b iqrrs in th'e se spec if i ca.t ions
The- rccord-di.sc1oscs..thF.ü the ecbr;s'ed-had g faif -trial'.-
'doubl,.
a rea
The)r l'iere-ebly
--'reü'tiented.-by eonnetent'counÄel.'fxäeot-"s'itär ueJn noirited or"rt in Lhe.obinioä
'
"lä8. ab;6, tho'rääord thd'räeora i€iilö tö-disclose enyl-'emrir-lr']tfch atribcted:tlie-subsütint'1aJ.^ .
'
iai-rö tö-rlisclose eny.-'er16r-'aiafch af;!4'pted-tlie-subsügnt'lal - .
: -
qtphts of .!h9 acgused.- or 9,_ny-fai!rlib,to.iftrord thcm a($iz2 $v'i,al in cvery'res-pecür'"
rnä Thc fhc Evta*röjl-supForus dvld*&e Evide&od,-supüolfs
suppolfs thJeindi-n$, thc tindi-n.B€r tindi-nFb. exeepü cxeepü as as'halislccen as hasncän-fMca ha.'sncen hötcd frMcd in ttris ühis ühj.s oginig!. ollxioq. og5nion. _ __: t.-.
-There l-s no eviäänce;bhaü,the'acäGeC. r',r€ie noü spne at the tine the alrlegcd act-s."-
',relc con'n-iüted qnC ab bhe bime of triel. a -
. :r -
+
-tt
a'
'
i. gecomrnendctions:-
t r t ' - '
There --F-:re'nJ
retttrs of clementji ttot .eny nenber's-of t4e Co."anissloB.
.The letbers of'pieniency bearing thousand,ä of sip:n.".-turci fr-o'n oLEers conccrning
the agö'usöd h^e.ve been read end ce:refu.l-I}' qonsiderbd.
:Susegar\re:
-._E.:-+J.i.:J
The Con'nlssion senüenced this
The $enLcnce is legaI o,
I
B
accused'üo be hanged b;' bhe neck until dead'
j ':,For
the.: reasong'set forth in ühe abovc opinion iü is rccor,rqencleci thaü.
this accused. be found guilty of onl-;z .so ,nuch of lle specificabion as would find
irin guiltlr of the lessär inäluaed offense of causing an assault vrith intenL to
kil-l,
The record sho',,,s itnt ,f,i" accused lr,.g.s the victinr of bad advice conccrnlng
a, Japanese regulation a:1d believed thrr-t the execuLion of lr'*'in v,'as legal.
In-{aeü, he nna.d-e a- conscienüious study of iü hj-nself aid concl-uded iL was proper.
Adtt:üo [tr:s ttlc fa-cü thl.t he llas orclered b;t his la.r,ful superior to ha'vc hitn
orecuLed., and iü is clee-r thaü .the ettenäion'of. cle,rencl.' is nrcribgd: ' is belicvcd
Ib
üha-b thiÄ is the tSpe of ca-se fornhich the SCAP pryovisiön for mitige.tion 9r! .
"urrt..,""r'v..üere ecäüsea acüed- rmd-er supcrior orrlers, r.'It's r?earü üo ap$y.. It isrthereforä,
furLher reconnendecl ühe.t the sentence of deaLh bl' hanging be corunuüed"
to trvent;;five (25) i/ears'of confinencnb et herd labor'
(p. 10, Sugeser'.'e cü al,
t.l22l+)
.Cese
'
t?F'.T. t
lTiaTeqlttu
,'

de'ad. The;senteäCe is tegalt
:
neck unülL
For.:the r9äsong seü forth.in the above opilion i.t is recccunend,ed that
fhis accused bei found'Srtif üi of gnly'so rnuch of ühe 'speclflcatici'n as would 'find
him guilty of ühä Les'ser'i.r:cludgd'offense öf aseaüIt rqtth inüent td kill?
.
-
;.
:
'.i, ::
,,.-..'.
,. : 1., ..,1,.,.. t,
: . ,:This, gccusedr: as' is öscussed:.]Jt,ttru above opinlon, might be considered
as ühe. comtnander'of a firing squad vlhq, gpOn'pfoper orders from his superi-or,
cariied out such ofddrs.j Hl-s guilü ]Ies eOl.älJr'because of the rrovisione of the '
SCAp nrleä,i s,hich,mske'hirn technically gullü]r of a war erimer His case cleaii-y
falls undei thd provisiön f,'or nitigeiion of punlshrnent under bhese ntles, in orden
loia"te]:out.iusüi9e.::Ib1s,bherefor9,.frrIbhe.r''röcommendedthaüc3.enencybe
*tena"a üo ttitr änd'th?9 ühä senbehce _of dpath by hanging be commuted ü9 ü:rrenüytLne
(25); ,rrpärs'of :?onf,inenrent aL hard labor.
was senüenced 10 $epüeraber L9l+7 . In conpliarrce with 'establishbd poltcy iü ls
=
recom@nded that .ten'(fO) -.Honshri, no-nths of. Lhe gohf,inenqrt at hArd 1a8or.oe-.'r'emitüed;
Ä;g;ö nni"oq Japän, ls f,he 'approp"i*"
Tokyo,
?Lace- o9 confinerenL.
. . ' ' . : : ' , . . 7 - : . ' ' ' ' . ' . : . - -
_ al:! . >
-.- _-tttö csrynicgign-"nlunsfg.th'lq q.ciu-sed-iro,{Y+*-s:d DJr'the
Tl.:n llltt.
dad.;The'"sentengp illrjsal;j
--: '
_{li
,afthousiitthi"'äceosedias uöEn founa guifty of Specificäblins ?-and 3.ri -..
vrhlch nonnal$ äie.ht .rnerif a few years irnpgisonrynb, iü is obvious ahaL bhe deabh
päJry-iä u"ä"ilän.spriiir;ti;;i-.eonÄ'uquu"tly''art19ush !,1r9 gtsgiuisii',n.4r:i,-
w:iit säfefy concern tflis specification, this recomnen'laüion.will include bhe^üoüal
.ir'i"i"""""ä'a:io"..th"üh'"uspecificatioris,.....,':...
number of ye6ns.of- confd-nement cottsi{eied sufficient for a just prnishmenü of :
a_, .
'For
ühe reasons set forüh in the äbov'e opinion iü is reconrnerded-bhaü
:
this ascused be fourd'guilty of only so rn:ch of Specificaiion 1 as would flnd
hii:guilty:oJ Lhe r.1s1är rnätua".t oirenog of assault Tvi-th tr-rüenü to killa
as a nemberlof a firing qquad fiho; r:nder cofitrand of nis rlghtful superiors, aimed
'He
his r:Lfie at the viiüfn ana fired-as.'.ordered. is gutlüy solelJr under the.
öo"i"ibns-ipr The SCAp nrt-es. Hö flphtfully phould be given benefit of fhe
iroviston for nitigabion of puniehrrtAdü rnder lhä Same rules as concerns Lhis
äpädiriärtf;;.. It"is, thereiore, r.econnended bhat "*:td:d to hirn
4"?""9I.b"
*nA'tt"t:ü!ie senbence.'of deaüh by tranging be canrnrted to thirüy (30) years of
confinment aü hard labor.
Accused uas confLned 3 -{u.+rsl lghßt wenL to trial 3 sepbember Lgl+?
and vras uäniu*ua io' suptto,ldn1947. rn compliance wiüh establlsüred policy-lt
,i;-;;;-oilrnä';1i"; t""-(ro) rno"lrrÄ]of 'bhe -i cänfineraent.at -pr hard labor be remiöted.. '
äLäi;"#{ö' öää.,'ü.}J#, ä;;;, " ;;". ;F;;p''i;ie e'ce or conrinenenL'
Hozurni:
-
The corunission sentenced .ühj-s accused to be hanged by the neck unüil
dead. The s6n0ence is legala
(p. 11,
' l
Sugasavre et al, Case #224)
?&'tr*üL
-
',
? -

.i
was
r : .'l 't,
For the ruasons se.t: forth 14,,!he. above opfnlon, ib is recornrnend,e.t thäü
thls ascused be found. guiltl'9f
.*ifJtry"f{vrin,bf,'q!ebblng. v*rtch ls the'greeber';
of Lhe tlro offeng".. o{ h9,:?*I*'*rrrygf
{iicti al5-l!yt.It is bglteyed,-hor.;evor.,
ü";;u ";; -fr"
ifr"t, is ;L;'Jecr'"i"*uy onlv.üechnically Erirty Erifty or of this orsof;u,"-;äcoii".
offcnqe Uäcaüse- h; he iGÄi"i'"'iäJ"'
fho
acüing nntins under rrnder or{ärs,arrc. ordärs'erd. tfrery Lhere is,in is,i-n evidence
91idenge^no,malige
no maLiee phoyrr shovü. EIGifng G he rm.s
actinä;under orders.-la4rou4tg ,to p'nietake'of. fact at1d'not of le.w. Conseduenü1],",
he tre shoula shöu1a be given,benefit given'benefit of of't,Uhe,'proyis,ion,;fgr.
,Uhe,rP{olis,i.on,,{qr;$b.igg.tion qlb.iga.tion of, punishnent seb set äüt äü
in SCAp nrles, Olenrly, in'the ends:öf,:jusöigtir' ,eleuegcy. shouLd bc accorded. hlm
in SCAP nrles, 0lenrly, in'the ends:öf,:iusöic

&fri-&.
by a viLIainorr*s acb, inJuries uhich.ln f4ct eäuse _deaüh, both assailents.14l
bä convicLed lhereoflr (?-6 Aner' Jurisprudgncer, p.,193, Honlci.cle, Sec. jO, s;6
citabionst'herirüo.'See,a1sosec.4I).:-|'.
Concerntng üh9 cfa$ by the.a9:P:"9-of campulsion ffonn supefior ord.ers,
the following obaüenenti of law from -Archibald' CrlrninaL Pleading, p. 19r as.
o.uoted bJ' the'prosecubionr i3 naterlal:
perpätraüion ,of an, 9{{erye ryotg.qts:
fron thq Puniuhrnent of ' The .sarne principle vi:j-ch ex?uses those türo have no
:nenüal- wil-l in bhe
of Lhg 1aw those rho
contniü crJrnäs in subjecbion to Ltte power o{ othgrsr and not äs a.'resrrl t of an
uncontrolled- free actlon nroceeding'fron themselv€s. Thus if .A by force takee
ühe hand of B- in which i-s a rseaDon, ond
lherebl' klfl-s C, A is'guilty of mnrder,
but'B is excosed; buü if a rnerely'rnoral foröe iS ttsecl, äs threäbened duress anä
inprisonment, or e\ren an assed-ü fo b-he per+
9f' ,his life in order to compel
hü 4. ldtl C, it l.s,ng legal exj-u-se, OÄiapulsion arising frqn lnnediate ä.trgut
üo a. personts:life,or fropert]'wil-f noL e: ra
s$.gg3rw'g. ft iu believec1 bhaü fhe findjngp of guilfy anä
by häreing should be e.pproved. Certain facLs appl..rir:g t,o
tonnection ydth others sunmairized in the foregoinc revie$t
in ühe evidence I
the sentenJe
this accused
are out:-
, He did not believe in good faith thaf bhe execuLion of Irwin was legal
und.er .a.rüic16 6 of the Japanese regula.tions beeauSe fhai rule plainly authoiizes
e. kill.ing onl;r rhere necessarJ,r tp prevent an esca.-pe during the actual abtanpt
(trx, 2, 3. 63). .As evidence of a $.rilty.mind, jLe-!S_-{-e.g, if is outstend.ing in
evidence ühe.t the accused atte:irpted Lo cOncebl. his illegal act by participating
in ühe concoctlon of a fa-l-se story to the effeet thal the victin rras r€-escaping
',üren he ms killed (a.37, 66, Ex.2). The falsity rvas conceived before the
executrion tve.s accomDlished.
The consurulation of the execubion ua.s arranged. .by Chief of Süaff
and the four accused, e.s perticLpe.nts in varying Cegrees, the purFose of
ühe nissiän was ttre äxecution of'Irwirtt (nuränsä Coünselrs couent, Brief, p. 36).
.!-fter ühe'victi'n had been choked jnbo unconsciousnessr shot v.d-th a rifle e.nd
lef t in a,n'apparsnbl;r 614* condiüion, he noved-zufficientl.y üo a.üLra.cü the
attention of the guard, .Hozunrrii Tl".e-la.tter, Lhe sole n'ifness then present,
sLabbed. hin u{.üh a sword arrl. lmnediate cteabh ensued.. The'aeüions of Sergeanb
Ilozumi-, böth in choking the 'üictin aord later in stebbins hin rteie voluntarJ'
on his irart, alth.ough he u'as carr-i4q oüt ühe ildiea.ted deslres cif his superiors.
I Theref,ore, the deaüh of fnrirr '...'es Cirectly ard proxinately caused by täe illege.l '
actiqns of accused Sugasalra and- Srrsnptsu in eryressi-ng their desires to their
stibordine.tes thet the prisoner be kllfed under cjrcunsta.nces which the;z lorew
rould directly result in a-ction.by bhe subordjrates to a.cconplislt ühe killirgt -
(p. 13, Suoesawa et d., Case *224)
4*i,;'tre
the
ilJ.4"3;

- The fa.cü thab obher: camps rnay have exequted nrj.soners unCer bhe
subterfugo.ernployed in..the lnsLa.nt case would noü Justify the accused ln
indulging in a.,einlLar icgrgful and..iltgerit pcü.'It is not...ble that ühe Chl-ef
of släffr;g.-lf4Jor,Qeqeralr".whorn Sugasawä e-o.n's;gXted; cLld noü dli"ecü üha.t bhe
laller,kl.11 lru.in upon.recapüure..' 4d.ctltted for the rules.. The 6th Artl-c1e:
rf, ühe F..egu1e,tfon ur.s $hovm h:iln, 'ariC,
rgp.gfts 'of 'ühe
shootings, ratrich shövied bhat
dee.qaqged rryere ki]f,ed;whil.r e.tüenpüfirg Lo-'escaf;:i{e then,ilreeted Suga.sawe ,
.to kil-! h'vdn ttaceording.to thes.e gxnrnpLöstt:(R; 6J).. The exanples irrdice.ted //
killings rhi-le escnping, '.jus,üifleble hcqici$eg. ltris provision of Rule 6 qid
4ot;dea].with.treatnenL.if captuled bgeapees (8..7?)J Thus the Chief of Staff
Iefü the .,nnf-üen.!,q be,hF.ndled "qccg1ding..to.!'he regulaüions. .Lt is idle bo
süpoose'thei.a,.mi*n.of'-.ühe; eviclent inücfligenög. ot''eotdnel .Suga.so.'ryi: or of tieuLenanü
Suenatgu r,r'oulcl believe bhnt the plain :l-ängw.'gc of ]tute 6 lnc1udecl drisonere.
vrho rere noü in thq procgss of escapin_g.
.'AÖcused
Suge.sarvp,, therefore, hnd
comoleüe freedon of aebion e4C c.r'moial'choicett."He volunberily chbse a. mebhod
whi{h hs lmelrto be illegal 0n51 pi-ainl;r inrtrici',bed üo l.leutenenü Suemabsu his
rßra1 clesires,-
:
:
. - . j ' . . . . .
. - . , ' : . ' _
t l : . .
; . , . ;
fäeuüenanü,did..tpt wish:üp'ennrlr o1L pfrg ntgi e.ag forhj-nse1f in case he 'oes,
iatcr ca}lcC. to gocounb by rcfumitro,.io'the'regrlntj.on jn his direct orrlep bo
s""*.t.*--i"-i.ia'trre raltop, "5iif the priqoiör oJ '...,er eciord.ing to the'rcgu-
Ietions concerning the treat.nent of pqlsoneSs of '1r;;.p.tt The regule'tiond did'nob
contecrpLabe bhe a,ct ',rh-ich oRgued. qe 'said, tha,t- therc-vrcre I'regulaül9rs in't-hg
Uia."cft' c*.rnp rrn fra7pqänatsg/ _shoutri'. ha,ve k1ot*:l (!, 7Z).: T.hu; Sue{r3rüsu e.cf,uall-y
ha.ct. a wlunbe-ry !tü41 fhoicerr 'and'-eoqlCrharie 1äg"l.i5t refüscd. to ldl1 .frrgin. - . -.
TfreV.$g!h urncteistöod, 'ühq .bcc.srise iL r.ns nede p1-a!ri thrb Suga-sa',',tiiwouH. bb pleasedto,"naivi-the
.deafh of .prisoner ecedropf:.ifrecr.:; .:31nci üe-inO:.cated to a subglc{ine.-te
wtreü his wronefui.CesLre-s vlrere,. jn'the;lrrllltfrou&edge ülietr his subordinntc .
.',.or?j-,i'in
a[..fikel-i]röoclbarr:' out tllt*"- rtedifisr- he tpn g6b i*good cbnseion9e t-'r
).;
;;-;Jtil;.Teg.ä";-iä-o""ne" +uni"ffir"nt- on the leclrdcälity wni&r hc atbenpted
jfor'lti.s-ö14m-fl'otecäon.
tb plan for'fuüurä ud'e
He rias a.volugrtary pi:fti$PAnt, .- .,
'aicfihe
pnd ,:bctLirq ix thc-,rte',th of lrr,i.n, rrd.hcnce,j.s lirblc es a prirtöipd'_
clesirasoI3riÄaläm"rryab.ecäuse.lrer,'.'rsonir.eI{qt9.d,tofo1].owtheregut1üio.n9.If{
he haö. done 9ä, Jiytin tsoulci.no! h.ave beeäYbTs.in. Th;rt he- kirow'he nvaF..dor!.8, ?
',rfongf ul, bhir-re is plain fro:n.his acLions in conccalirrg tnt Uö,I:".fcorn the -othör
r:ridners (n."36)r-(othor corpue" 'nr:re not fhus secYe:Led (n:c'. f0)), i.:a teltixg
untruths: gboutl tttä tuff et sbrii

'
Ftoä.urni, vrith ah inconorehensible eagc.rrnes.p, .vo1-unLeered- to apply his judo rskilln
in choiinei thc rrrisonör (n. ??). cänsenb,',wes. given rncr- a gt"i;i; "iroäel" uulwiEn
thc st1ong_
lozuni .and the bound priponer ,fo1lolred. Two rninutes of this tragic :
seene'fin;l1;t tresu'lLed in thc fd-t of the prrisoner Lo the qrounri, scÄeless..
Thin ca.r'ne the ordcr'üo It'raiiuna :üo .shoot:,I1.ltinr, And he r.p.s Lefü fär dead, The
on1.1' order to Hozu'n'i bherea.fter vras Lo g,uerd the sqpposecl dea.d-!ody. It developed
lhcL f.ife I'ras not eompl.lol:r o,xfinctl' Hozurni then votuntnr:ty (nob und.er
:
brd.ers, eIühough:carrl.riy1g otit rlhet he käi.x üo be desired b;t iris Luieriors)
ecgornplished a quick deebh of'Irwin by Slabbin8. Tlrese ects do not carry the
earrnarks of leck of ltiiroreJ. ehoicett. T4ey were vol-untrry and aggressivellr so.
Hc s.ed' ä. che.nce to test his Judo-ori e" f.ive victint: ' Hp st,abbecl Lh.: {nng marr'
t'dühout order and the circu,nsüanüial . eyfdrence esLp-blishes theü he hacked the le.qs -'
snd th.g hee-d cif the deeeased (nx. Z). ,rl"-boasLed in his cups üha-L the victirn
häd tre,b€eC for h-is lifc, cry5-ng. rnd p!e.:di.ng (R. /+3)', but tha.t he hed cut him
dov'-n. He'denonsürabed üo bhe prisoners the f;rpe of strol

,-/ - C[ o HO ZtL"n]' .
the finding o'ruEltY
shoul-d. be a.pproved.
'" . 'a
:, , t,.:,,..;.,r.r,i,.
,,j,, , ,
.:.:-. .':"
:; ,.,,:
I :
The'foregolrrg',erprepsions as Lb Lhis a.cqused jndtsabe :rbh;f
r ..:.:
a.gninst' Llris boastful- kllLer end the- sentenee of ,4eath
o. Iü revieudng: i*rfr ".u..,"üh",uJ"e,.n"f,y'rJ1l-'mitten'briefs.of both
'',
,'
orosecution and'döfensd,-togeüher with ühe. thouse.nds of pretibions for clegcnc;r
iii"ve Ueen ceiofull31 eLudled anC- considenöd. 'The clemency pe.titions are le.rgely ,.
,,.
in preise of ühe char+cbdr of ülre 'accusefl,
l,[atg', slgnr;rs do noü lndica.te thot, ) .
ühey even know'ihci äcctrsed. A lebbcr, frcrn Dr, rI. Griff-in Cha.Dma.nr teo.cher , '.
-former
of äccused ,$ienoüsu in a. Chrisble.n, schooll Seinon Gakrlinr is guoted- 1n part .is l
' ;
"
r'l 'have,*uc.ilr"el "a
'*rieion
.
.for cle*ncli for. Kaaunriki'suenatsu. ,
rnla.sthorough1;rinvc.sLigatedgf,tcr.!h:.s*.e1ded.'ThesefourrenSuematsuand
ih"u" oühei's vnre giveä a. trleL uhich lasted s9v91a1 d.ailsl
^1tt".y.-he-d 1l {nericl'ni""ter
ar toätt as iiepanese la.v',-,rers,Q,rep-reselt ,!b.94 in the tiial. I
3nd.$efenf .th,en
iläit";uä"''iii-;"r"#,,'';; JüsL i"i"r '"'ä pi""entidrett "*u"nce bhcv
:n:
ll*u'*,,
'' '
. . tllft,er heafing all of, ühq evldelrce it lras clear to lhe court' :that '
all foirr of these ,n* *r"lguilty, of rrcrrder and they 1--€re sen!,enced fo death. '
.
. :
: ':r ,
. ilThe "*"u'"nill- ,be revic.,^..ed by the Co.nnanding'(bneral of' lhe Sighlh :
,.
: !rn;1 by:Genenal
lnd
' '- ':
--
rrI arn ä$oÄ". lcacher- in Sbinon-Caleuirl .'"d- I
i!.rqgrstana;$uenratsu '
.,;,
. , .' -.r - + ^: ----- !l-'Lr. -^*,r rf lt-^ ^l "'ihi rrril I ramoml'lcY'' mc.,
,,^:.q-one or ar st$orlti.: sure flü.t rnany
,I,.e{n. ,ig, q.9 y'J-r:rlni viillrremeSle{-rye:. * -
r,=,1
al! . -? - --'.. ..
:
q
--
? >
- , . J'Tlfi3 caso gives me.epcat,rrief.and-1orr$t eg-it äoes'to-you.--I.-'.--" ,
:: -
cannql rndrl""t.ä, nori'i'iä*iiitäürc "9gr1t: -srrcJ?;
rcirl-urä..crine . t r{!,"1_S{- . , .
ühe fo4eilnerg-bä.d ,ao!* lg.esüablieh dschobl for hi:n. cducaLe }ü'n end riorK
r
- -- fard to obtaii-r: jnt for jritir.':-n"--irlftr o" !&ro and crüellf murcr.erÄ.one-..of .the1
't-'-*.ä**;;
i;;i:; ;J;;.;;1ü-äi,-ün"*aa-:ano dFusuifu hi* io" prot'ct,ion. ;
l,r'
-- ' '.",i
,
* '. ,,f' ce,n only sa.;r-i* seeifls t9.,ne Suernufsu goi'Susbice in the bfia-l
and f: Praf
'ol.
g1t3""""""""9
--
Gocl r'd'L} have ner:c3r " on his soul'rr -'*"
:-:--
t
e
-! ' ,:
t .
t
f. The e*ecutiÄir of bhe sentences of rleeih, if .lpp{.".:d, ghould neü :
'confinned
be orilered'r:ntif
b]' the Suplgne Conncnder &r"the Alfied Pol^Iers'
lit"""-.t" ";;;;";;-I"är;a.i""'trrirr'ihu"o-"""onnendations a.re e,.btaehed. . .:.r
(p.
16, Suga.satr:: eb-,e1, Cä.se
tl*iri,fu
t
a,
1'
!a
var,r,Alt R. lqctNll
Lü Colonel .IAGD
^.r,1Y Judee AdvocaLe
./,
t- j r
22/
:
:-
'