1. INTRODUCTION - India Environment Portal

More documents

Recommendations

Info

3.5.6 Olive Ridley sea turtle of Orissa coast The sea turtles are declared as highly endangered species world over. The olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) is a name common to coastal people of Orissa. It is a high profile species which has received substantial media coverage and scientific attention in the recent year. Although olive Ridley has been coming to Orissa coast for several decades, the attention to this species was drawn when arribada was noticed at Gahirmatha in mid 1970s. Bhitarkanika is a unique habitat with lush green mangrove located at the Gahirmatha in Kendrapada District of Orissa. In 1975 Bhitarkanika was declared as a sanctuary under a wildlife (Protection) Act 1972. Bhitarkanika is situated about 20 km north of Paradeep Port. There is an increasing amount of human habitation and fish landing centers around this Sanctuary. Bhitarkanika Gahirmatha Sanctuary has been in news for Olive Ridley Sea turtle that come a long way to lay eggs en-mass on the Gahirmatha beach. The declared sanctuary beach extend from 20° 43'51'' N ; 87° 02'45'' E to 20° 42'55'' N ; 87° 03'33'' E. An average width of 11 kilometres wide strip of offshore from Ekiakulanasi in the northeast Barunei Muhana in the South west and an average width of 10 km from Barunei Muhana to Mahanadi Muhana has been taken as the core area of the Gahirmatha wild life sanctuary where total restriction in fishing activities is to be imposed throughout the year. The area is very clearly demarcated in the Orissa Gazette No. 309 date March 20, 1998. Nesting: The interesting phenomena of arribada or mass emergence of olive ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea along the Gahirmatha beach, Bitarkanika wild life sanctuary, Orissa has been reported by many workers (Table 3.27). The nesting period extends from December-January to March. Mating has been observed at sea by the coast guard and trawlers. The females move towards the coast for nesting and the males remain at high seas. Mass nesting takes place for a period of 7-10 days. Each turtle lays about 60-100 eggs (Table Tennis ball sized) and eggs are deposited within one and half hours of the female turtle emerging out of sea. The nests are about 50 cm deep pits dug out by hand flippers on loose and 96
dry sandy beaches of Gahirmatha. After the eggs are laid down the pits is filled by the mother. The female leaves the nest to sea after completing the nesting. Of late shifts in nesting sites have been observed due to human interference. The hatchling comes out after about 50 days and reach the sea. Further life cycle stages still remain unknown. The percentage of live hatching varies from 18 to 90%. Table 3.27 Massive nesting of Olive Ridley at Gahirmatha beach, Orissa Year Number of female turtle (in lakh) 1977-78 2.3 1978-79 <strong>1.</strong>3 1979-80 2.0 1980-81 2.0 1981-82 No mass nesting (176 turtle only) 1982-83 6.193 1983-84 4.684 1984-85 2.918 1985-86 0.5 1986-87 6.36 1987-88 0.01 1988-89 3.15 1989-90 2.06 1990-91 6.52 1991-92 3.7 1992-93 6.874 1993-94 6.945 1994-95 3.395 1997-98 No mass nesting 1998-99 0.2 The rookery of Olive Ridley has also been reported near the mouth of rivers Devi and Rushikulya, both located in the south of the proposed port location. 97
Page 1 and 2:
1. INTRODUCTION POSCO intends to se
Page 3 and 4:
FIGURE 1.1 LOCATION OF THE PORT 3
Page 5 and 6:
FIGURE 1.3 SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE
Page 7 and 8:
the water depth of 9 m due to non-a
Page 9 and 10:
The present DGPS system operates wi
Page 11 and 12:
(Model 232-A), Trigger capacitor ba
Page 13 and 14:
_______________ Spectral width para
Page 15 and 16:
1.3.3. Water quality Parameters Thr
Page 17 and 18:
1.3.3.4 Salinity The halogen compou
Page 19 and 20:
degradation with possible contribut
Page 21 and 22:
each station the net was towed for
Page 23 and 24:
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION POSCO, Korea
Page 25 and 26:
FIGURE 2.1. LAYOUT OF THE HARBOUR F
Page 27 and 28:
tranquil condition inside the port
Page 29 and 30:
FIGURE 2.2. SAND MOUND TYPE REVETME
Page 31 and 32:
Containment Dikes: The containment
Page 33 and 34:
3 BASELINE STUDIES Baseline data on
Page 35 and 36:
erosional activity has been observe
Page 37 and 38:
FIGURE 3.1 MAP SHOWING THE BATHYMET
Page 39 and 40:
FIGURE 3.3 a TYPICAL SESIMIC SECTIO
Page 41 and 42:
FIGURE 3.4 a TYPICAL INTERPRETED SE
Page 43 and 44:
Line-40/1: (central line close to L
Page 45 and 46: 3.1.6 Side Scan Sonar The Side Scan
Page 47 and 48: 3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS The st
Page 49 and 50: Bengal and in the vicinity of Parad
Page 51 and 52: 3.2.5 Visibility The monthly averag
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 3.7 TRACK OF CYCLONE PASSED
Page 55 and 56: 3.5 3 2.5 Tide (m) 2 1.5 1 0.5 13 1
Page 57 and 58: Table 3.8 Joint distribution of Hs
Page 59 and 60: MAXIMUM SPECTRAL ENERGY(m 2 /Hz) 30
Page 61 and 62: N 330 30 300 60 W E 240 120 2.5 - 3
Page 63 and 64: 360 WATER DEPTH : 16 m MEASURED AT
Page 65 and 66: At location L2, the near surface (8
Page 67 and 68: N 330 30 300 60 W E 10% 20% 240 30%
Page 69 and 70: N 330 30 300 60 W E 10% 20% 240 30%
Page 71 and 72: 1010 1012 1014 1016 1010 1012 1014
Page 73 and 74: 0 Location 20 deg 13' 40.23" N : 86
Page 75 and 76: 3.4 WATER QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS I
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.12 Hydrochemical characteri
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.13 Tracemetal elements in s
Page 81 and 82: Table 3.15 Bacterial population in
Page 83 and 84: Table 3.17 Composition and mean abu
Page 85 and 86: and N3 recorded highest diversity (
Page 87 and 88: Table 3.19: Abundance (no. /m 2 ) o
Page 89 and 90: Table 3.21 Abundance (no. /10cm 2 )
Page 91 and 92: 0 20 Similarity 40 60 80 100 S#1 C#
Page 93 and 94: Table 3.24 Percentage composition o
Page 95: Table 3.26 Estimated group-wise fis
Page 99 and 100: strongly recommended used of TED in
Page 130 and 131: Appendix 1: Summary of soil investi
Page 132 and 133: FIGURE A2 SOIL PROFILE IN THE CREEK
Page 134 and 135: Appendix 2a List of Phytoplankton r
Page 136 and 137: Appendix 2a contd……… Sr.No. G
Page 138 and 139: Appendix 2b List of Phytoplankton r
Page 140 and 141: Appendix 2b contd…… Sr.No. Gene
Page 142 and 143: Appendix 2c contd…. Sr.No. Genera
show all

1. INTRODUCTION - India Environment Portal

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?