Annual Report 2009/2010 - JUWEL - Forschungszentrum Jülich

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Tab. 7: The extraction of actinides and fission products from a simulated PUREX-raffinate with CyMe 4 BTBP/TODGA. Without complexant C 2 H 2 O 4 HEDTA C 2 H 2 O 4 + HEDTA Concentration Solute Distribution ratio [mg/L or as shown] 241 Am trace amounts 10.8 9.1 14.8 9.4 244 Cm trace amounts 4.3 3.6 6.1 3.8 Y 90 0.04 0.85 0.15 0.73 La 239
These preliminary results show that the direct extraction of Am and Cm from a synthetic PUREX raffinate solution is possible with good extraction of the actinides and a high Am/Eu separation factor of 68. However, some non-lanthanide fission products were co-extracted with the actinides, namely Zr, Ag, Cd, Mo, Ni, Cu and Pd. Zirconium and molybdenum play a major role, because their concentration in the PUREX-raffinate solution is very high (1071 and 678 mg/L, respectively). Even a relatively low distribution ratio in this case leads to a considerable loading of the organic phase, thereby reducing the free extractant concentration available for the actinide extraction. Palladium (168 mg/L) must also be considered due to the higher concentration, whereas Ag (12 mg/L), Cd (15 mg/L), Ni (40 mg/L) and Cu (19 mg/L) are contained in smaller amounts. The co-extraction of Zr, Mo and Pd is a problem that was often overcome by the use of the complexing agents oxalic acid and HEDTA (Fig. 37) in experiments concerning the DIAMEX process [10]. Tab. 7 shows the results for the addition of oxalic acid. It shows that the distribution ratios of Zr and Mo are reduced significantly by oxalic acid, as expected. The extraction behaviour of Ag, Cd, Ni, Cu and Pd is not affected very much by oxalic acid and the results furthermore show that Y is extracted much better due to the lower overall loading of the organic phase. Tab. 7 also shows the results for experiments with the addition of HEDTA alone, and those with a mixture of oxalic acid and HEDTA. The experiment with HEDTA alone shows that the Zr distribution ratio is approximately halved compared to the experiment without the addition of complexants, but there is no influence on the extraction of Pd. This was not expected and experiments with Pd single-element solutions showed no influence of the HEDTA concentration on the extraction of Pd. The experiment with a mixture of oxalic acid and HEDTA shows that the addition of HEDTA is not advantageous compared to the experiment with oxalic acid alone and that the use of HEDTA can be omitted. The aim of this work was to find a suitable masking agent for Pd [11]. A number of amino acids and some amino acid derivatives were therefore tested for their influence on the Pd distribution ratio, together with 241 Am and 152 Eu. An overview of the tested complexants is shown in Fig. 38. Amino acids were chosen because of their relatively complex coordination chemistry due to the presence of different donor atoms (O, N, S) in diverse structural constitutions thus allowing different chelate ring sizes, and because of their well solubility in aqueous solutions. They were all tested in two concentrations, 0.1 and 0.2 mol/L. The results of the test with 0.1 mol/L amino acid are shown in Fig. 39. The results of the test with 0.2 mol/L amino acid show a similar behaviour and therefore are not shown. Just two of the 22 tested amino acids showed a significant influence on the distribution ratio of Pd: L-cysteine 5 and L-cystine 6 (structures are shown in Fig. 38). The Pd distribution ratios are reduced considerably and reach values below 1. Furthermore, the amino acids had no influence on the extraction of Am(III) and Eu(III). The distribution ratios of Am(III) and Eu(III), as well as the separation factor, remained unchanged. L--cysteine was chosen for further studies, because of the structural similarity of the two molecules. L-cystine is a dimer of two L-cysteine molecules. 60
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Mitglied Mitglied der der Helmholtz
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Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Inst
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Preface .......
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6.2.2 Doctoral Thesis .............
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state of NRW. The collaborative pro
Page 13 and 14: 2 Institute’s Profile Due to the
Page 15 and 16: 2.2. Organization chart Reactor Saf
Page 17 and 18: 3 Key Research Topics 3.1. Long Ter
Page 19 and 20: actinide co-conversion into polyact
Page 21 and 22: Fig. 7: Non-destructive analytical
Page 23 and 24: Fig. 9: Thermal treatment of an AVR
Page 25 and 26: 3.8. Product Quality Control of Rad
Page 27 and 28: 3.8.2 Product Quality Control of Lo
Page 29 and 30: The advantage of working at low vac
Page 31 and 32: NdPO 4 powder sample, directly rece
Page 33 and 34: 4.5. Non-destructive assay testing
Page 35 and 36: 5 Scientific and Technical Reports
Page 37 and 38: Results and Discussion The irradiat
Page 39 and 40: work will focus on the identificati
Page 41 and 42: Different solvents (iso-propanol an
Page 43 and 44: e & j) Aggregates of aluminium oxid
Page 45 and 46: Experimental details The corrosion
Page 47 and 48: Intensity [CPS] 500 400 300 200 100
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 24: Left: High resolution TEM
Page 51 and 52: a) MD model [10] b) Derived Lesukit
Page 53 and 54: 5.4. Minor actinide(III) recovery f
Page 55 and 56: Extensive extraction studies were p
Page 57 and 58: of the extraction properties of the
Page 59 and 60: Cm(III) together with the lanthanid
Page 61 and 62: using a mixture of CyMe4BTBP and TO
Page 63: A more challenging route studied wi
Page 67 and 68: The 1-cycle SANEX process is intend
Page 69 and 70: Continuous counter-current tests us
Page 71 and 72: Conclusion In this work, it was sho
Page 73 and 74: shaken by a vortex mixer for 15 min
Page 75 and 76: 100 100 Distribution ratio 10 1 0.1
Page 77 and 78: Tab. 15: The distribution ratios of
Page 79 and 80: 5.7. Synthesis and thermal treatmen
Page 81 and 82: Acid-Deficient Uranyl-Nitrate via d
Page 83 and 84: Optical investigation showed a noti
Page 85 and 86: TG /% 100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 8
Page 87 and 88: Radiolysis in the aqueous solutions
Page 89 and 90: is about 4% while the one of the rh
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 59: Compressibility curve for
Page 93 and 94: Conclusion and outlook Monazite-typ
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 63: Description of the unit ce
Page 97 and 98: agents for the synthesis of neodymi
Page 99 and 100: 100 TG 785°C Exo DSC 0,2 0,0 90 -0
Page 101 and 102: After synthesis the product was cen
Page 103 and 104: process of monazite and additional
Page 105 and 106: Tab. 18: Lattice parameters determi
Page 107 and 108: Conclusions For Sm 1-x Ce x PO 4 mo
Page 109 and 110: 5.11. Raman Spectra of Synthetic Ra
Page 111 and 112: The numerical values of all measure
Page 113 and 114: knowledge, these special relationsh
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Fig. 80: Raman spectra of LaPO 4 ir
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5.12. MC simulation of thermal neut
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content was replaced by hydrogen. C
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constant for hydrogen concentration
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with a 0 1 -183.88 ± 8.55 and a 2
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5.13. An Improved Method for the no
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2 2 2 d0 R ds d0 dw la( )
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The relative uncertainty for the ac
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In the drum, 4 ‘hot spots’ for
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activity of Cs-137 is much more und
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gamma-ray detector approximated by
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shown in Fig. 96. In both cases the
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econstruction than the old calculat
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Neutron capture cross sections and
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Outlook The evaluated data will be
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from carbon-based HTR fuel elements
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Fig. 102: 3D volume reconstructions
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dislocate the 14 C atom from its pr
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It can be seen that nearly all trit
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Acknowledgement The authors like to
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development by investigations of ga
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Fig. 109: The left picture shows th
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[2] A European Roadmap for Developi
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from airborne SWIR Full Spectrum Im
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Fig. 113: Visualization of the vege
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number of training samples up to 19
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Acknowledgements The work presented
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three approaches has severe drawbac
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neighbours from the list of merge c
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it gives a difference in segmentati
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[6] I. Niemeyer, F. Bachmann, A. Jo
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Monitoring 3 cooperated intensively
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facilities and other treaty related
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parameters of the SAR system, such
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The MGD products used in the study
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Fig. 134 contains the result for th
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[2] H. Maître (ed.), Processing of
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Preparatory Committee to allocate t
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unconditional security assurances f
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safeguards was also requested. Deci
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[16] United Nations Security Counci
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5.24. Development and Application o
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Hardware layer The hardware layer i
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So in most applications the scale u
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The ENDF-B/V and ENDF-B/VI librarie
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5.26. Product control of waste prod
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Polysiloxane which has been investi
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acceptance requirements [3]. In the
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Fig. 145: List of description and d
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6.1. Courses taught at universities
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Umwelt / Energy & Environment 2010;
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6.5. Institute Seminar The IEK-6 or
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6.5.3 Invited talks 2009 30.04.2009
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21.09.2010 Dr. N. Evans: The Chemis
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8 Selected R&D projects 8.1. EU pro
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K. Aymanns: Nominated as deputy re
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Bukaemskiy A.A., Barrier D., Modolo
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11.2. Publications 2009 11.2.1 Jour
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Rezniczek, A.; Richter, B.; Jussofi
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Daniels, H.: Co-conversion of actin
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11.3. Publications 2010 11.3.1 Jour
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Sypula, M.; Wilden, A.; Schreinemac
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(Partitioning) - Stabilitätsunters
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Modolo, G.; Bosbach, D.; Geist, A.;
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12 How to reach us Postal Address F
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By train: Take the train from Aache
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Schriften des Forschungszentrums J
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