I-OHiicmousso Siilctlilhi. Baiihiko Hand Hnihroiiicry Tiiarci^ Jewelry 126 Founeniousso S.ikiliba is President of the Association ofWidows and Orphans in the Bamako neighborhood of Sabalibougou. She teaches members how to make bo^ohm so they have skills tliat will help them generate income. The work of the organization extends to the West African region, and people from outside Mali come to Bamako to study with her. The Association is known for its scarves, pictures, tablecloths, and pillowcases. / lihlit^o-Dyciii'i Ousinaiic Gainam; Biiiitliii^iWi Ousmane Gamane is a Dogon tailor who specializes in the use ot indigo dye to create deep blue cotton fabrics. These are made into clothing, such as shirts and pants, hats, bags, Iwuhoiis, and dresses. Dogon people also wear solid blue scarves when they are in mourning. The indigo plants grow on the plateau /in Dogon country. Modern Tic-Dyeiii(; Oii
Pottery Shoemakiiig TRADITIONAL MEDICINE Kadidia S'ieiila, Mopti Tahirou Soumbounou, Bamako Toumani Diakite, Bamako 127 Kadidia learned pottery' from her grandmother and mother. She makes hand-built pottery such as large pots for decoration, tea cups, ornaments, as well as non-traditional subjects like telephones, cell phones, and soccer balls. Straw Jewelry Almadane Traore, Timbuktu Almadane Traore makes straw jewelry (bracelets, necklaces) that imitates traditional gold designs for customers who cannot afford real gold. She also makes dolls and fans. Fatoumata Gariko, Hcmhori, Mopti region Fatoumata Gariko makes handbags, placemats, and hats, from straw. Depending on the customer's needs, she dyes the straw to make muln-hued designs. She is Women's Association of Hombori, which focuses on children's education, a member of the health and reproductive awareness, and Tahirou Soumbounou is originally from Djithoube in the Sikasso region where he learned the secrets of leather and skins from his family. After additional training in France, now as a master craftsman he makes men's and women's shoes in both leather and cloth. Wood Sculpture Mody Cissoko, Bamako A master sculptor, he was selected by his fellow artists to represent their craft in Washington. He is known for his masks carved in ebony and teak and his chess and checker sets. He trains other sculptors from West Africa. ARTS OF ADORNMENT Hairdressing Kadidia Ouologuem, Bamako Kadidia Ouologuem makes incense, underskirts, and braids hair. Toumani Diakite is a traditional healer. Having learned the secrets of plants from his father, he has become President of the Association of Traditional Therapy. FOODWAYS TRADITIONS Aiiu Sow Ktiadiatou Sow Traore Halimatou Toure Kadia Souko Fatoumata Sissoko Cisse Koumba Kaiite Mariam Diarra Aissa Toure Alhamafi Maimouna Coutibaty Camara Grains such as rice, rmllet, fonio, and wheat and tubers such as cassava and sweet potatoes form the starch base, accompanied by a seasoned sauce, of many Malian meals. The Niger and Bani rivers provide an abundance of fish which are used fresh, smoked, dried, and salted in Malian dishes. Mali raises cattle, sheep, and goats for local the transmission of traditional knowledge to the younger generation. Mat- VVeai'tng Halimatou Ahouba, Gao Halimatou Abouba weaves the straw mats she uses to assemble a Sonrai house. Leather Work Tago Walet Meme, Timbuktu Tago Walet Meme is a Tuareg leatherworker who learned this tradition from her family. She creates cushions, leather mats, key chains, and bags, painted with the distinctive designs ofTimbuktu. Modern Leather Work Soumata Sidi, Gao Soumata Sidi is a hairdresser who also makes beads for hair and for necklaces. The different hairstyles she creates reflect the social status of her chents: young women, newlyweds, new mother of a boy or girl, mother of twins, or grandmother. Henna Artistry Aminata Doumbia, Bamako Armnata Doumbia is a henna artist. The designs, usually applied to women's hands and feet at the time of marriages and baptisms, have now become fashionable anytime, even for young urban women. Shea Butter Extraction consumption and regional export. Nomadic people's diets are rich in dairy products, particularly butter and milk. ARCHITECTURE TRADITIONS Baba Cisse, architect Boubacar Mady Diallo, architect Alassaiie Hasseye, master mason Boubacar Kouroumanse, master masoti Manbamane dit Berre Younou, master mason Almoudou Baigna. master mason Alhousseini Ag Tajoudine, Tuareg lent Seko Tientao, mason Mandedeou Tantao, mason Mamoudou Kontao, mason Oumar Yonou, mason Agaly Ousmane, mason Baba Toure, mason Ahamadou Hasseye, mason Adoulahi Albaidja, mason Fadiiila Detiibele, Biuimko Fadiala Dembele, originally from Kita, works at the Craft Center in Bamako. Chosen by feUow leather makers to represent them at the Festival, he makes handbags, wallets, and briefcases, decorated with Malian textiles such as bogolau. Kouroutoumo Ouattara, Sikasso Kouroutoumo Ouattara lives in the Kenedougou area where the karite During the (shea) trees are plentifiil. dry season she processes the locally gathered shea tree nuts into the butter used for cooking or cosmetic products. Malian architectural styles presented at the Festival include mud brick/adobe architecture used in city gates, homes, and mosques; stone architecture used in Dogon loguna or meeting houses; and nomadic structures used by Turaeg, Sonrai, Somono, and Fulani peoples.
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SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL SCOTL
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The annual Smithsonian Folklife Fes
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Table of Contents The Festival: Doi
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The Festival: Doing the Public Good
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— a singular, global, mass coniii
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The 2003 Smithsonian Folklife Festi
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— Appalachia Heritage and Harmony
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Virginia, is one of the best known.
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A mural by Tim White, in Bristol, T
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string bands of note were Charlie P
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Carolina, who learned many of her s
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— 1 riate •KM ''&L'X^'Ttyi«iFi
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- 26 Appalachia, Where Tradition an
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28 and Latin America. They are addi
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Native American Traditions in Appal
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32 OF APPALACHIA of cultural histor
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^, — 34 or "Dive for the Oyster."
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36 Pnolo by Jirri Higgins Library o
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. 2000. . ^^FORMATION Blue Ridge Mu
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Mali From Timbuktu to Washington /.
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universities in the United States,
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A woman [ in Timbuktu. Knotograpn b
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— From Golden Age Empires to Inde
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The French had hardly been welcomed
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\ constitution brought about the Th
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Burkina Faso. It is played on diffe
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Malian crafts are a legacy from the
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ft J ncK DjeDje, Jacquehne Cogdell,
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— John o'Groals OUTER HEBRIDES {W
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Scottish History: The Culture and t
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Much of contemporary Scottish tradi
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