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66 REPORT OF THE VERMONT STATE GEOLOGIST. REPORT OF THE VERMONT STATE GEOLOGIST. 67 Chlorine, Cl ....................... .307 .307 FEET Sharon, East Hill ............................... Phosphorous pentoxide, P 20 ........ I .359 I .359 1,000, Strafford, West Hill 112 56.416 56.423 Strafforci, East Hill I 2O_ Less OCl 069 069 \\ ooclstock, Mt Torn, South Peak 1,262 Woodstock, Mt. Torn, North Peak ................ 1,357 56.347 56.354 Vershire, River ................................ 1300 Vershire, near Heights........................... 1.775 Calculated ........................ 56.450 56.452 Chelsea, East Hill .............................. 1.710 Obtained ......................... 56.347 56.354 \Vashington Heights ........................... i - 800 Washington Village ............................ 1.225 • Difference .................... . 103 .098 Washington, Quimby Hill ....................... 2.100 \Vashington, \Vashington Peak .................. 2.500 Composition of Insoluble Residue. Topsharn, Willey Hill ........................... (a.) (b.) i 80 Orange Heights ............................... 1700 Silicon dioxide, Si0 2 ............... 35.508 35.507 Orange, Knox Mountain, South Peak Titanium dioxide, Ti0 2 ............. . 190 . 189 Orange, Knox Mountain, North Peak ............. 2'2O0 Plainfield. Plainfield Mountain ................... 2500 Goshen Gore, Goshen Mountain .................. 2,600• Ferric oxide, Fe 203 ................ .010 .010 Aluminum oxide, A1 20 .............. 6.113 6.112 Glucinum oxide, G1O ............... .313 .315 Barium oxide, BaO ................. .210 .210 CHEMISTRY. Calcium oxide, CaO ................ .012 .011 Magnesium oxide, MgO ............ .015 .014 (a.) • Sodium oxide, Na 2O ................ . 186 .187 Washington Marble. Quarry of Huntington and Clough Potassium oxide, K 20 .............. .063 .064 Sample taken from the core of a diamond drill 35 feet below Ljthji.lrn oxide, Li 2O ................ .823 .824 the surface of bed rock. Fluorine, F ........................ .026 .026 Sunimary of Analyses of Soluble Constituents. • 43 .469 43 .469 (a.) (b.) Less Oxygen=Fluorine ............. .010 .010 Silicon dioxide, SiO ................. .240 .24[ Carbon dioxide, CO 2 ...............22.86o 22.870 • .459 43 .459 Ferrous oxide, FeO .................940 .941 Manganous oxide, MnO .............076 .075; Calculated ........................ 43.55 0 43.548 Calcium oxide, CaO ................27.293 27.293; Obtained ......................... 43.459 43.459 Magnesium oxide, MgO ............3.233 3.230 Water, H 20 ........................ 108 .107 Difference .................... .091 .089
68 REPORT OF THE VERMONT STATE GEOLOGIST. REPORT OF THE VERMONT STATE GEOLOGIST. 69 Totals. Rutile is present in the eastern part of the formation in (a.) (b.) minute hairs or threads penetrating the crystalline limestone. Silicon dioxide, S10 2 ............... 35 .748 35 .748 Perhaps they occur most frequently in Sharon, Vt. The mm- Titanium dioxide, Ti02 .............. . 190 . 189 eral is the dioxide of titanium, and silicon is often replaced by Carbon dioxide, CO 2 ............... 22.86o 22 .870 this element of the same quantivalence. Ferric oxide, Fe 20 3 ................ .010 .010 The unexpected glucinum manifested itself in traces of the Aluminum oxide, A1 20 3 ............. 6.113 6. 112 mineral beryl, a silicate of glucinum and aluminium which is Ferrous oxide, FeO ................ .940 .941 abundant in the adjoining heterogeneous terranes of New Glucinum oxide, GlO ............... .313 .315 Hampshire. Manganous oxide, MnO ............ .076 .075 Lithium occurs in the lithium aluminium silicate, spodumene, Barium oxide, BaO ................ .210 .210 f in the homogeneous terranes in Massachusetts. Here the mm- Calcium oxide, CaO ................ 27.305 27.304 eral is so highly developed that commercial lithia may be Magnesium oxide, MgO ............ 3 .248 3. 244 extracted with profit. Perhaps traces of this element are scat- Sodium oxide, Na 20 ............... . 186 .187 tered throughout the entire Lower Trenton terranes, for it Potassium oxide, K 20 .............. .063 .064 occurs in the complex orthosilicate, muscovite. Lithium oxide, Li 20 ................ .823 .824 Chlorine is probably present in combination with one of the Water, H 20 ....................... . 108 . 107 alkali metals; and the fluorine with the complex orthosilicate, Phosphorus pentoxide. P20 3 ......... 1.359 1.359 biotite. Surface samples of biotite yield fluorine in analysis Chlorine, Cl ....................... . 307 .307 and minute crystals of biotite more or less associated with mus- Fluorine, F ....................... .026 .026 covite grace the entire formation. Carbon, C ........................ Microscopical trace As the prevailing constituent is the carbonate of calcium with enough magnesium present to make it dolmitic, the rock may 99.885 99.892 be known as a silicious marble. It carries a large percentage Less Oxygen=F & Cl ............... .079 .079 of silicic anhydride and many minute traces of complex silicates. 99.806 Its complexity is so great that a single formula cannot well rep- 99.813 resent its chemical composition. The presence of the rare ele- 100— 9. 8o6 = . 194 difference. 100— 99.813 = . 187 difference. ments has been confirmed by most searching spectroscopic The presence of so many unexpected elements and compounds, as well as the large percentage of Si0 2 , may seem difficult to explain. In fact its complexity of structure is unparalleled by any analyzed marble. The excessive amount of Si0 2 arises from two sources: First, the intercallation of granules of sand analyses. The carbon is found in microscopic thin sections. (b.) Table Showing the Percentage of Solubility and Insoluble Residue in Washington Limestone. when the vast calcareous beds were deposited in oceanic waters; NAME AND LOCALITY. SOL. INSOL.RES. SOL. INSOL.RES. second, the interjection of silicic anhydride in gaseous form Washington in a r b 1 e, prior to the metamorphosing of the marble. Clough quarry ....... 56.47 43 . 53 56.475 43 . 525
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