English version - Convention on Biological Diversity

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T a b l e o f C o n t e n t ACRONYMS.................................................................................................................................................IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................................VI CHAPTER I. OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY STATUS, TREND AND THREATS ......................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Geographical Location and Climate......................................................................................... 2 1.2 OVERVIEW OF ERITREA’S BIODIVERSITY........................................................................................ 3 1.3 BIODIVERSITY STATUS, TRENDS AND THREAT UNDER DIFFERENT BIOME/ECOSYSTEMS................ 5 1.3.1 Terrestrial Biodiversity............................................................................................................. 5 1.3.1.1 Forest Ecosystem ............................................................................................................................5 1.3.1.2 Woodland Ecosystem ...................................................................................................................11 1.3.1.3 Bush Land/Grassland Ecosystem..................................................................................................14 1.3.1.4 Barren Land/ Semi desert Ecosystem ...........................................................................................16 1.3.2 Marine Biodiversity................................................................................................................. 17 1.3.2.1 Aquatic Ecosystem: ......................................................................................................................19 1.3.2.2 Mainland and Islands Shoreline Ecosystem..................................................................................28 1.3.3 Agricultural Biodiversity......................................................................................................... 29 1.3.3.1 Diversity of Individual Crop Species............................................................................................30 1.3.3.2 Wild Food Products ......................................................................................................................35 1.3.3.3 Rangeland Resources....................................................................................................................36 1.3.3.4 Livestock Diversity.......................................................................................................................39 1.3.3.5 Threats of Agricultural Biodiversity and its Underlying Causes...................................................43 CHAPTER II CURRENT STATUS OF NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN ............................................................................................................................................................. 45 2.1 OVERVIEW OF NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN ..................................... 45 2.2. REVIEW THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN ..... 48 2.2.1 Terrestrial Biodiversity........................................................................................................... 48 2.2.2 Marine Biodiversity................................................................................................................. 61 2.2.3 Agricultural Biodiversity......................................................................................................... 69 CHAPTER III SECTORAL AND CROSS-SECTORAL INTEGRATION OR MAINSTREAMING OF BIODIVERSITY CONSIDERATION ................................................................................................. 77 3.1 INTEGRATION INTO SECTORAL POLICIES, STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS ............................................... 77 3.1.1 Agriculture Sector................................................................................................................... 77 3.1.2 Marine and Coastal Sector ..................................................................................................... 80 3.1.3 Transport Sector ..................................................................................................................... 82 3.1.4 Mines Sector............................................................................................................................ 82 3.1.5 Tourism Sector........................................................................................................................ 83 3.1.6 Water Sector............................................................................................................................ 84 3.1.7 Education Sector..................................................................................................................... 85 3.2 INTEGRATION INTO NATIONAL POLICIES, STRATEGIES AND ACTION PLANS......................................... 86 3.2.1 Macro policy ........................................................................................................................... 86 3.2.2 Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper.......................................................................................... 86 3.2.3 National Environmental Management Plan............................................................................ 87 3.2.4 Land Tenure Proclamation (1994).......................................................................................... 87 3.2.5 Draft land use policy............................................................................................................... 87 3.3 SYNERGY BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONVENTIONS (UNCCD, UNCBD, UNFCCC) ....... 88 3.3.1 Preparation of National Action program (NAP)..................................................................... 88 3.3.2 National Capacity Needs Self Assessment .............................................................................. 89 3.3.3 National Biosafety Framework ............................................................................................... 89 3.4 EXTENT OF BIODIVERSITY CONSIDERATIONS IN EIA OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AND OTHERS 90 ii
3.5 CONTRIBUTION OF MAINSTREAMING INTO IMPLEMENTATION OF NBSAP AND EXISTING BIODIVERSITY TREND................................................................................................................................. 91 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS: PROGRESS TOWARDS THE 2010 TARGET AND IMPLEMENTATION .................................................................................................................................. 92 OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN ..................................................................................................................... 92 4.1. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE 2010 TARGETS ............................................................................................ 92 4.2. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN OF THE CONVENTION . 102 4.3. CONCLUSIONS.................................................................................................................................... 106 4.3.1. Assessment of the Implementation of the <strong>Convention</strong> ...................................................... 106 4.3.2. Lessons learned.................................................................................................................... 107 4.3.3 Future Priorities and Capacity Building Needs.................................................................... 107 4.3.4. Suggested Actions at the Regional and Global Levels.......................................................... 108 APPENDIX I INFORMATION CONCERNING REPORTING PARTY AND PREPARATION OF NATIONAL REPORT ............................................................................................................................... 109 APPENDIX II – FURTHER SOURCES OF INFORMATION ............................................................. 112 iii
Page 1: The State of Eritrea Ministry of La
Page 5 and 6: IRC Impact Review Committee IWRM In
Page 7 and 8: clearing for agricultural purposes,
Page 9 and 10: of food, income and employment has
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER I. OVERVIEW OF BIODIVERSITY
Page 13 and 14: Figure:- 1. Agro ecological zones o
Page 15 and 16: finger millet, 3 for sesame and 2 f
Page 17 and 18: aboon), all the rest mammals are co
Page 19 and 20: environment as a whole. Irrigated a
Page 21 and 22: Threats of the Forest Ecosystem The
Page 23 and 24: Elephantidae Loxodonta Africana Afr
Page 25 and 26: Table 7: Number of the major woody
Page 27 and 28: Acanthaceae 1 Malvaceae 2 Aizoaceae
Page 29 and 30: 1.3.2.1 Aquatic Ecosystem: The Red
Page 31 and 32: Gurgussum, Dehil, Baradu, Tio, Sahi
Page 33 and 34: Figure 6: Coastal communities heavi
Page 35 and 36: • Bryde’s whale or Tropical wha
Page 37 and 38: • Additional disturbance especial
Page 39 and 40: Figure-10: Sandy shores and mud-fla
Page 41 and 42: 5 for taff, 3 for pearl millet, 3 f
Page 43 and 44: Trend showing annaully planted area
Page 45 and 46: identified to be grown in Eritrea.
Page 47 and 48: overgrazing during dry season and u
Page 49 and 50: picture of great complexity, compri
Page 51 and 52: there are four indigenous breeds of
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Livestock contribute also to the na
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CHAPTER II CURRENT STATUS OF NATION
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Information acquisition and storage
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the CBD to explore the ways in whic
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The implementation of the managemen
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• Plant quarantine proclamation N
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5) Identification, survey and board
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Contribute to Article 7 of CBD by s
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(capacity building) Strategy 10.1 I
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2.2.2 Marine Biodiversity Objective
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Strategy 4.1 Identify, monitor and
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(8) Information acquisition and sto
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5) Develop a suitable mechanism for
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2.2.3 Agricultural Biodiversity Obj
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Strategy 3.1 Improve knowledge and
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3) Develop and adopt complementary
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2) Study biodiversity system of cro
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CHAPTER III SECTORAL AND CROSS-SECT
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conducted at all levels to sensitiz
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• Potable Water Regulations in Fi
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investors are engaged in exploring
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compromising the sustainability of
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production systems; and 5) Moderniz
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• Application of land tenure syst
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To integrate environmental issues i
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which is believed to be declining i
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upon biodiversity, reduced. Target
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this alien invasive species. Plant
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In Eritrea the NWFP still continue
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Eritrea is from the recipient end o
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Goal 2: Parties have improved finan
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4.2 Every Party to the Cartagena Pr
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situ conservation, research and tra
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B. Process of preparation of nation
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Appendix II - Further Sources of In
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SOS Sahel International -----. Asse
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English version - Convention on Biological Diversity

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