Adaptive collaborative management of community forests in Asia ...

72 • Cynthia McDougall, Hemant Ojha, Raj Kumar Pandey, Mani Ram Banjade and Bishnu Hari Pandit
Tole-based meetings:
• Visioning
• (re-)assessment of indicators
• i.d. of priority issues & options
• (On-going meetings regarding
various tole issues)
On-going observation and
monitoring e.g., analysis of
participation and benefit
sharing; progress of
income generation plans;
etc
Implementation of
activities by action groups
(using some learning -
based & collaborative
approaches: e.g. trials,
activity monitoring)
Multi-tole/executive
committee meeting:
• Diverse representation, including of
marginalized groups
• Compare/negotiate self- assessments &
options
• Draft ‘annual work plan’ (returning to
tole level as needed)
General Assembly
• Participants familiar with plans because
of tole involvement
• Finalise ‘annual work plan’, including
action groups for each work plan
activity
Figure 3-3. Adaptive collaborative management approach to CFUG planning
and decision making
Driving forces: attitudes and skills
Although the above innovations in arrangements and processes appeared
to facilitate and even encourage participation, collaboration, and learning
and ultimately influence livelihood outcomes (in the broadest sense), none
of these alone can ensure an enduring process of change. In the main
case studies, not surprisingly, the attitudes and skills and the resulting
behaviours and actions appeared to be critical for an adaptive collaborative