Internet Security - Dang Thanh Binh's Page

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HASH FUNCTION, MESSAGE DIGEST AND HMAC 151 Table 4.7 Truth table of four nonlinear functions for SHA-1 B C D f0,1,...,19 f20,21,...,39 f40,41,...,59 f60,61,...,79 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4.4.5 Computing the Message Digest The message digest is computed using the final padded message. To generate the message digest, the 16-word blocks (M0 to M15) are processed in order. The processing of each Mi involves 80 steps. That is, the message block is transformed from 16 32-bit words (M0 to M15) to 80 32-bit words (W0 to W79) using the following algorithm. Divide Mi into 16 words W0, W1,..., W15, whereW0 is the leftmost word. For t = 0 to 15, Wt = Mt. Fort = 16 to 79, Wt = S 1 (Wt−16 ⊕ Wt−14 ⊕ Wt−8 ⊕ Wt−3). Let A = H0, B = H1, C = H2, D = H3, E = H4. Fort = 0 to 79 do where: TEMP = S 5 (A) + Ft(B, C, D) + E + Wt + Kt; E = D; D = C; C = S 30 (B); B = A; A = TEMP A, B, C, D, E: Five words of the buffer t: Round number, 0 ≤ t ≤ 79 S i : Circular left shift by i bits Wt: A 32-bit word derived from the current 512-bit input block Kt: An additive constant + : Addition modulo 2 32 After all N 512-bit blocks have been processed, the output from the Nth stage is the 160-bit message digest, represented by the five words H0, H1, H2, H3 and H4. The SHA-1 operation looking at the logic in each of 80 rounds of one 512-bit block is shown in Figure 4.13. Example 4.6 Show how to derive the 32-bit words Wt, 0 � t � 79, from the 512bit message. t Wt 0 W0 = M0 1 W1 = M1 ....... .......
152 INTERNET SECURITY A B C D E t Wt 15 W15 = M15 16 W16 = S 1 (W0 ⊕ W2 ⊕ W8 ⊕ W13) 17 W17 = S 1 (W1 ⊕ W3 ⊕ W9 ⊕ W14) . ........................ 30 W30 = S 1 (W14 ⊕ W16 ⊕ W22 ⊕ W27) 31 W31 = S 1 (W15 ⊕ W17 ⊕ W23 ⊕ W28) . ........................ 59 W59 = S 1 (W43 ⊕ W45 ⊕ W51 ⊕ W56) 60 W60 = S 1 (W44 ⊕ W46 ⊕ W52 ⊕ W57) . ........................ 78 W78 = S 1 (W62 ⊕ W64 ⊕ W70 ⊕ W75) 79 W79 = S 1 (W63 ⊕ W65 ⊕ W71 ⊕ W76) S 5 S 30 f t W t Figure 4.13 SHA-1 operation. Example 4.7 Let the original message be 1a7fd53b4c. Then, the final padded message consists of the following 16 words: 1a7fd53b 4c800000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000028 The initial hex values of {Hi} are H0 = 67452301 H1 = efcdab89 K t A B C D E
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TEAMFLY
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Internet Security
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Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons
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vi CONTENTS 2.3 World Wide Web 47 2
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viii CONTENTS 5.6 The Elliptic Curv
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x CONTENTS 10.2.5 De-militarised Zo
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Preface The Internet is global in s
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PREFACE xv Policy Approval Authorit
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PREFACE xvii classified into three
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1 Internetworking and Layered Model
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INTERNETWORKING AND LAYERED MODELS
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Layer No. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 OSI Layer A
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2 TCP/IP Suite and Internet Stack P
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TCP/IP SUITE AND INTERNET STACK PRO
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Class A Class B Class C Class D Cla
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H Host H TCP/IP SUITE AND INTERNET
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Bits IP header TCP/IP SUITE AND INT
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3 Symmetric Block Ciphers This chap
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S-boxes L i−1 S 1 L i SYMMETRIC B
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K 1 48 bits K 2 48 bits K 16 48 bit
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Table 3.4 Initial permutation (IP)
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 65 Table 3.
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 67 This 48-
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 69 The 48-b
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 71 Thus, th
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 73 Round K1
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 75 Example
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64-bit plaintext X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 Ro
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 81 The outp
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 83 the corr
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SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 87 of S and
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Step 3 i = j = 0; A = B = 0; SYMMET
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3.3.3 Encryption SYMMETRIC BLOCK CI
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A SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 93 A B
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3.4 RC6 Algorithm SYMMETRIC BLOCK C
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Mixing in the secret key S A = B =
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Magic constants: Pw = b7e15163 Qw =
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Page 124 and 125: Converting the secret key from byte
Page 126 and 127: The final decrypted plaintext is: b
Page 128 and 129: Thus, the final decrypted plaintext
Page 130 and 131: Multiplication SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPH
Page 132 and 133: where c0 = a0b0 c1 = a1b0 ⊕ a0b1
Page 134 and 135: Rcon[2] = [x 1 , {00}, {00}, {00}]
Page 136 and 137: Table 3.16 AES key expansion i Temp
Page 138 and 139: SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 117 ShiftRo
Page 140 and 141: Start of round After SubByte SYMMET
Page 142 and 143: SYMMETRIC BLOCK CIPHERS 121 Figure
Page 144 and 145: 4 Hash Function, Message Digest and
Page 146 and 147: M = 64 bits C 0 = 28 bits D 0 = 28
Page 148 and 149: HASH FUNCTION, MESSAGE DIGEST AND H
Page 150 and 151: ⊕ : Bit-by-bit XORing of 16-bit s
Page 152 and 153: P(Ω 1 )
Page 156 and 157: K r : Concatenation IP : Initial pe
Page 162 and 163: a b c d HASH FUNCTION, MESSAGE DIGE
Page 174 and 175: H2 = 98badcfe H3 = 10325476 H4 = c3
Page 178 and 179: opad 160 bits (SHA-1) 128 bits (MD5
Page 182 and 183: 5 Asymmetric Public-key Cryptosyste
Page 184 and 185: User A Generate secret random integ
Page 186 and 187: ASYMMETRIC PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOSYSTEMS
Page 188 and 189: Message m −1 E p q ASYMMETRIC PUB
Page 192 and 193: Message m −1 User A A′ private
Page 196 and 197: To decipher the message m, first co
Page 202 and 203: a q ≡ 1(modp) a ASYMMETRIC PUBLIC
Page 208 and 209: Receiver: (verifying) Compute: w
Page 210 and 211: � y2 − y1 x3 = ASYMMETRIC PUBLI
Page 212 and 213: The square of the integers in Z ∗
Page 216 and 217: and y3 = x2 1 + � x1 + y1 = α 12
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6 Public-key Infrastructure This ch
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 203 LDAP
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Session key DES Plaintext m One-way
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 207 Let u
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 209 sent
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Publication of PAA’s public key G
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 213 • P
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Carry out identification and authen
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 217 With
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 219 The s
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6.4.4 X.500 Distinguished Naming PU
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 223 certi
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 225 • I
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Certificate fields v1 = v2 = v3 (fo
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 229 CRL s
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Subject directory attributes extens
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 233 the s
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 235 • S
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 237 not h
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6.7.1 Basic Path Validation PUBLIC-
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PUBLIC-KEY INFRASTRUCTURE 241 It is
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244 INTERNET SECURITY The set of se
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246 INTERNET SECURITY • Key manag
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248 INTERNET SECURITY 7.1.3 Hashed
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250 INTERNET SECURITY A B C D IV 67
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252 INTERNET SECURITY Next header (
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254 INTERNET SECURITY IPv4 IPv4 IPv
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256 INTERNET SECURITY within a 32-b
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258 INTERNET SECURITY addresses, wh
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260 INTERNET SECURITY If authentica
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262 INTERNET SECURITY 1 bit Next pa
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264 INTERNET SECURITY The Situation
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266 INTERNET SECURITY The Identific
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268 INTERNET SECURITY The Hash Data
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270 INTERNET SECURITY The Domain of
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272 INTERNET SECURITY to the exchan
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274 INTERNET SECURITY When a Key Ex
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276 INTERNET SECURITY When a Notifi
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278 INTERNET SECURITY SSL Handshake
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280 INTERNET SECURITY SSL record he
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282 INTERNET SECURITY SSLCompressed
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284 INTERNET SECURITY • bad-certi
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286 INTERNET SECURITY - Random: Thi
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288 INTERNET SECURITY Note that Dis
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290 INTERNET SECURITY The finished
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292 INTERNET SECURITY key_block = M
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294 INTERNET SECURITY opad 160 bits
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296 INTERNET SECURITY - A B C D IV
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298 INTERNET SECURITY The PRF is th
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300 INTERNET SECURITY HMAC SHA1(S2,
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302 INTERNET SECURITY 8.3.4 Certifi
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9 Electronic Mail Security: PGP, S/
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ELECTRONIC MAIL SECURITY: PGP, S/MI
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Message packet M T FN H(M) ELECTRON
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Definition of multipart/encrypted:
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From: myrhee@tsp.snu.ac.kr To: kiis
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SignatureAlgorithmIdentifier ELECTR
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340 INTERNET SECURITY conform to a
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342 INTERNET SECURITY existing on a
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344 INTERNET SECURITY 10.2.7 VPN So
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346 INTERNET SECURITY Table 10.1 Te
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348 INTERNET SECURITY Table 10.3 SM
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350 INTERNET SECURITY Outside host
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352 INTERNET SECURITY Internet Pack
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11 SET for E-commerce Transactions
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11.2 SET System Participants SET FO
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SET FOR E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS 359
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Example 11.2 Message Integrity Chec
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User A 0x135af247c613e815 Message d
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E KSC (CAC) + E KSC (MD) D CAC MD V
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H MD D CRs K pg M’s cert E K#5 (C
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380 INTERNET SECURITY DS Dual Signa
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382 INTERNET SECURITY SA Security A
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384 INTERNET SECURITY 17. Borman, D
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386 INTERNET SECURITY 60. Harkins,
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388 INTERNET SECURITY 106. Metzger,
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390 INTERNET SECURITY 163. Wijnen,
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392 INDEX Authentication Header 243
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394 INDEX delete payload 269, 275,
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396 INDEX HTML tag 49 ending tag 49
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398 INDEX Java 48, 49 Joint Photogr
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400 INDEX packet filter 339, 341, 3
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402 INDEX secure payment processing
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404 INDEX transform # field 264, 27
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