NSA Video Games Paper - American Civil Liberties Union

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Games: A Look at Emerging Trends, Uses, Threats and Opportunities in Influence Activities Table of Contents FORWARD ......................................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 1- EXPLOITATION AND FUNCITON OF GAMES: AN INTERACTIVE INFLUENCE MEDIUM ........................................................ 5 Gaming Markets: Why We Care ................................................................ 6 Demographics ............................................................................................................................................... 6 p~~~-····················································································································································6 Functionality of Online Games .................................................................... 8 Propaganda and Influence .......................................................................................................................... 8 Communications ......................................................................................................................................... 1 0 Recruitment ................................................................................................................................................. 1 0 Training and Simulation ............................................................................................................................ 11 Fundraising ................................................................................................................................................ 12 Ease of Production of Games ..................................................................... 12 CHAPTER 2- WHY GAMES ARE AN EFFECTIVE INFLUENCE PLATFORM .... 15 Chapter Introduction .................................................................................. 16 Active Learning ........................................................................................... 17 Knowledge and Skills ................................................................................................................................. 17 Applied Teaching Tool ............................................................................................................................... 20 Passive Messaging and Conditioning ......................................................... 21 Value Systems ............................................................................................................................................. 21 Emotions ..................................................................................................................................................... 21 The ''Return for More'' Factor .................................................................. 23 Engagement ................................................................................................................................................ 23 Addiction ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 Chapter Addendum .................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 3- PLAUSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR THE USE OF GAMES IN TERRORIST ACTIVITIES ............................................................................ 25 Chapter Introduction .................................................................................. 26 Possible Terrorist Use of Different Game Genres ..................................... 28 First-person Shooter Games ...................................................................................................................... 28 MMORPGs and Virtual Worlds ................................................................................................................ 29 Mixed or Alternate Reality Games ............................................................................................................ 32 Simulation Games ...................................................................................................................................... 36 Knowledge-Based Games .......................................................................................................................... 38 Strategy Games ........................................................................................................................................... 40 Chapter Addendum .................................................................................... 41 FOUO -Not for Public Distribution Page 2
Games: A Look at Emerging Trends, Uses, Threats and Opportunities in Influence Activities CHAPTER 4- EMERGING TRENDS NI THE GAMING SPACE ............................. .42 Emerging Trends ........................................................................................ 45 Broadband Diffusion .................................................................................................................................. 45 Third Generation (3G) and Beyond .......................................................................................................... 47 The Maturation of the Mobile Platform ................................................................................................... .49 The Rise of Virtual Worlds ........................................................................................................................ 51 The Explosion of User Generated Content ............................................................................................... 54 Advances in Digital Rendering .................................................................................................................. 56 Advances in the Science ofHaptics ........................................................................................................... 57 Chapter Addendum .................................................................................... 59 CHAPTER 5- WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS VIRTUALLY .................................. 60 Focus Areas ................................................................................................. 61 Countering In-Game Propaganda ............................................................................................................ 62 Competing for Players with New Games .................................................................................................. 63 Collecting In-Game Intelligence ............................................................................................................... 64 Chapter Addendum .................................................................................... 65 INDEX .......................................................................................................................... 67 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 71 FOUO -Not for Public Distribution Page 3
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NSA Video Games Paper - American Civil Liberties Union

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