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description of functional and technical parameters of this system as well as the details of start procedures is presented in respective manuals [66,67,68]. The MIDL – Multi Interface Data Logger follows up-to-date trends of electronics and informatics offering the users many features superior to the ones that have the old D-LOG data logger (see 12.3 in this monograph). Fig. 51. Multi Interface Data Logger (in the middle between TDR soil water content, salinity and temperature meters)) in the configuration for the measurement of 16 TDR FP/mts probes It has been assumed that the MIDL data logger should provide: - Ethernet 10Base-T Internet communication features, - radio communication in the non-licensed 433MHz frequency band [74], - supply by an external power source 6-12VDC, - limited power consumption below 2W in the continuous work mode, - communication interfaces for monitoring and configuration the device by means of a PC compatible computer, ie serial RS232C and infrared (IRDA) wireless digital data transmission, - serial RS232C and RS485 work interfaces for connecting measurement devices, - 4-bit output parallel port in TTL standard (to be compatible with the old measurement devices developed in the Institute of Agrophysics), - user accessible universal connector for MMC (MultiMedia Card) memory card with the capacity up to 128MB memory, 109
- internal temperature sensor and real time clock, - limited power consumption in the standard in the standard work mode, ie the energy used from 12VDC power source during 90 days should not exceed 2Ah, when the total script execution time is 3.6hours (including 0.33hours of RS232C or RS485 operation), the total radio communication – 7hours, the total time of the device in the watch mode (with the radio access periods of minimum 2seconds) – 2000 hours. - temperature range of work –25°C to 85°C. The picture with the prototype MIDL data logger system controlling two TDR meters, each with a multiplexer for connecting up to 8 TDR FP/mts probe in presented in Fig. 51. 11.1. Functional description MIDL data logger consists of two functional versions, ie MASTER and SLAVE. The both versions are built on the base of the same hardware; SLAVE uses the whole hardware features while MASTER only the part of it. The functional features are distinguished by software automatically identifying the version. MIDL can operate in various modes and Fig. 52 presents the most complex mode where the system consists of a number of MASTER devices controlled by via Internet by PC compatible computers. Fig. 52. Example setup of devices for soil and ground physico-chemical parameter monitoring system using wireless communication 110
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TDR METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF W
Page 4 and 5:
PREFACE The importance of water for
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CONTENTS 1. Status of water as an s
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12.2. New prototype version of FOM/
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that stimulate the phenomena and pr
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The solution to the problem of elec
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3. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS METHODS
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v = c 1 2L = = ( θ ) n ∆t ε (2)
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The TDR probe consists of two waveg
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ε a =1 and φ=0.5 the Eq. (10) has
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The experiment description is given
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Results obtained with the discussed
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Notice that at C s = 0, ie when dis
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water orientation polarization [s],
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Fig. 8. Frequency dispersion of the
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The measurements were performed in
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5. EVALUATION OF DIELECTRIC MIXING
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ε α = ∑V α iε i (29) i where
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where SAND and CLAY are percents of
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Below the transition value, the soi
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To verify the observations concerni
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6. TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON SOIL DIELE
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chamber and the freezer, only one w
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The user interface on the main comp
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soil sample volumetric water conten
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close vicinity of the analyzed obje
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process of measurement is non-destr
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dielectric permittivity change caus
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The values of the refractive index
Page 60 and 61: The relative, ∆n/∆T, and absolu
Page 62 and 63: Fig. 25. The temperature effect on
Page 64 and 65: The temperature effect of TDR soil
Page 66 and 67: The purpose of the above discussion
Page 68 and 69: ( ,25 + T )( 45 + T ) 49 9 f rel =
Page 70 and 71: 8. THE ACCURACY OF SOIL WATER CONTE
Page 72 and 73: gravimetric method and the soil ref
Page 74 and 75: where: a 0 ÷ a 6 are coefficients
Page 76 and 77: values of p F calculated for the re
Page 78 and 79: eason of this is the fact that wate
Page 80 and 81: 9 ∆θ = 0,2 ⋅10 ⋅ ∆t = 0.00
Page 82 and 83: values of θ rel for lower values o
Page 84 and 85: 9. COMPARISON OF OPEN-ENDED COAX AN
Page 86 and 87: ε" = EC ε d " + (82) 2π fε wher
Page 88 and 89: dielectric permittivity, the dielec
Page 90 and 91: The applied lumped capacitance mode
Page 92 and 93: stainless steel wires soldered to t
Page 94 and 95: ε’ Open Coax and ε b-TDR , exce
Page 96 and 97: − − The difference of the imagi
Page 98 and 99: Integrated Circuit) recently introd
Page 100 and 101: 10.2. Electromechanical microwave s
Page 102 and 103: RF1. Two PIN diodes in series in ea
Page 104 and 105: The significant aspect of the proto
Page 106 and 107: visible for lower values of soil el
Page 108 and 109: In the TDR method the signal propag
Page 112 and 113: MASTER modules are wireless transce
Page 114 and 115: time the Real Time Clock module wak
Page 116 and 117: ase station distinguishes A SLAVE d
Page 118 and 119: sensor, format the data received fr
Page 120 and 121: 12. SOIL WATER STATUS MONITORING DE
Page 122 and 123: D-LOG/mpts is a moisture/pressure/t
Page 124 and 125: For compatibility reasons it uses t
Page 126 and 127: D-LOG/mts (Fig. 59) is a TDR (Time-
Page 128 and 129: 12.4. FP/m, FP/mts - Field Probe fo
Page 130 and 131: inside of a separate polyethylene b
Page 132 and 133: differential water capacity and the
Page 134 and 135: − maximum number of LP/p probes t
Page 136 and 137: 12.7. LP/t - Laboratory Probe for s
Page 138 and 139: From the collected data set, after
Page 140 and 141: 25. de Loor G.P.: Dielectric proper
Page 142 and 143: TDR. Symposium on Time Domain Refle
Page 144 and 145: 100. Whalley W.R.: Considerations o
Page 146 and 147: Fig. 14. Fig. 15. Fig. 16. Fig. 17.
Page 148 and 149: Fig. 38. The three-rod TDR probe -
Page 150 and 151: Fig. 67. A set of LP/ms and LP/p LO
Page 152: Table 17. An example of the executa
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